DDNS在生产环境中的应用

1、DDNS(DynamicDomain Name Server动态域名服务介绍

1.1 介绍:

DDNS是将用户的动态IP地址映射到一个固定的域名解析服务上,用户每次连接网络的时候,客户端程序就会通过信息传递把该主机的动态IP地址传送给位于服务商主机上的服务器程序,服务器程序负责提供DNS服务并实现动态域名解析。

1.2 实验环境说明:

系统:Centos 6.5

DDNS:DHCP + DNS(Bind9), DHCP和DNS服务器为同一台(IP:10.0.0.103)

域名: ilo-zhangdh.com

网络环境:某个IDC,多服务器(均有IPMI管理接口)连接到同一个核心交换机上,然后系统初始安装采用cobbler,基于PXE方式,然后这些服务器连接到DHCP服务器,会传回sn(DELL服务器编号)号(如:idrac-HYQ653X),DHCP会随机给该机器分配一个ip,然后DNS会更新本地的DNS记录。最后实现的是通过访问ILOCNG135T035.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM即可访问到对应的服务器。

2、       DDNS安装配置

2.1 安装DNS和DHCP

# yum -y install bind dhcp

2.2 生成DNS密钥,配置安全的DNS服务

# dnssec-keygen-a HMAC-MD5 -b 128 -n USER ilo  #以root身份运行,生成密钥

dnssec-keygen:用来生成更新密钥。

-aHMAC-MD5:采用HMAC-MD5加密算法。

-b 128:生成的密钥长度为128位。

-n USERilo:密钥的用户名为ilo。

这时当前目录下会生成Kilo.+xxx+xxxxx.key.private两个文件

# cat Kilo.+xxx+xxxxx.key 会看到HqX9xaJ75tgQ1S8hHz9L7Q==,下面会用。

2.3 配置DNS的ilo-zhangdh.com域的正反向区域数据文件

# vim /etc/named.conf    #正向区域数据文件

key ilo {

   algorithm hmac-md5;

   secret HqX9xaJ75tgQ1S8hHz9L7Q==;

};

options {

       directory      "/var/named";

       dump-file      "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

       statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

       memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

       #forwarders   { 8.8.8.8; };

       allow-transfer { none; };

       #listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; 10.1.1.103; };

       recursion yes;

};

logging {

       channel default_debug {

                file "data/named.run"size 30M;

                severity debug 3;

                print-time  yes;

       };

};

zone "." IN {

       type hint;

       file "named.ca";

};

zone "ilo-zhangdh.com"  {

       type master;

       file "ilo-zhangdh.com.dns";

       allow-update {  any; };

};

zone "202.1.in-addr.arpa" IN {

       type master;

       file "202.1.in-addr.ilo-zhangdh.com.rev";

       allow-update { any; };

};

zone "201.1.in-addr.arpa" IN {

       type master;

       file "201.1.in-addr.ilo-zhangdh.com.rev";

       allow-update { any; };

};


# vim /var/named/ilo-zhangdh.com.dns

$ORIGIN .

$TTL 86400      ; 1 day

ilo-zhangdh.com         IN SOA ilo-zhangdh.com. root.ilo-zhangdh.com. (

                                2014123597 ;serial

                                120        ; refresh (2 minutes)

                                14400      ; retry (4 hours)

                                3600000    ; expire (5 weeks 6 days 16 hours)

                                86400      ; minimum (1 day)

                                )

                        NS      dns.ilo-zhangdh.com.

                        A       10.1.1.103

$ORIGIN ilo-zhangdh.com.

dns                     A       10.1.1.103

# vim/var/named/201.10.in-addr.ilo-zhangdh.com.rev

$ORIGIN .

$TTL 86400      ; 1 day

201.10.in-addr.arpa     IN SOA ilo-zhangdh.com. root.ilo-zhangdh.com. (

                                2014114021 ;serial

                                120        ; refresh (2 minutes)

                                14400      ; retry (4 hours)

                                3600000    ; expire (5 weeks 6 days 16 hours)

                                86400      ; minimum (1 day)

                                )

                        NS      ilo-zhangdh.com.

$ORIGIN 201.1.in-addr.arpa.

103                    PTR     dns.ilo-zhangdh.com.

# vim/var/named/202.10.in-addr.ilo-zhangdh.com.rev

$ORIGIN .

$TTL 86400      ; 1 day

202.10.in-addr.arpa     IN SOA ilo-zhangdh.com. root.ilo-zhangdh.com. (

                                2014118989 ;serial

                                120        ; refresh (2 minutes)

                                14400      ; retry (4 hours)

                                3600000    ; expire (5 weeks 6 days 16 hours)

                                86400      ; minimum (1 day)

                                )

                        NS      ilo-zhangdh.com.

$ORIGIN 202.1.in-addr.arpa.

103                     PTR     dns.ilo-zhangdh.com.

 

……  

注:1. 反向区域数据文件的其他文件和以上配置一样,稍加修改即可。

2. 如果配置成功后,会在/var/named/下生成.jnl文件

  如:ilo-zhangdh.com.dns.jnl201.1.in-addr.ilo-zhangdh.com.rev.jnl

# chown -R named.named /var/named

2.4 配置DHCP的dhcpd.conf

# vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

key ilo {

   algorithm hmac-md5;

   secret HqX9xaJ75tgQ1S8hHz9L7Q==;

}

ddns-domainname"ilo-zhangdh.com";

ddns-update-style interim;

ddns-updates on;

update-conflict-detection false;

#allow client-updates;

allow unknown-clients;

authoritative;

ignore client-updates;

zone ilo-zhangdh.com. {             #ilo-zhangdh.com. 最后的“.”必须有

   primary 10.1.1.103;

   key ilo;

}                                                                  #最后不能有”;”

zone 201.10.in-addr.arpa. {

   primary 10.1.1.103;

   key ilo;

}

zone 202.10.in-addr.arpa. {

   primary 10.1.1.103;

   key ilo;

}


subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0{  #表示未分配

}

subnet 10.201.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {

       option routers                 10.201.255.254;

       option subnet-mask             255.255.0.0;

       option time-offset             -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

       option ntp-servers             10.0.0.60;

       range dynamic-bootp 1.201.0.1 1.201.254.255;

       #option broadcast-address 10.201.0.255;

       default-lease-time 69120000;

       max-lease-time 86400000;

       option domain-name             "ilo-zhangdh.com";

       option domain-name-servers     10.1.1.103;

}

subnet 10.202.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {

       option routers                 10.202.255.254;

       option subnet-mask             255.255.0.0;

       option domain-name             "ilo-zhangdh.com";

       option domain-name-servers     10.1.1.103;

       option time-offset             -18000; # Eastern Standard Time

       option ntp-servers             10.0.0.60;

       range dynamic-bootp 10.202.0.1 10.202.254.255;

       default-lease-time 14400;

       max-lease-time 86400;

}

 

# vim /etc/resolved.conf

nameserver 127.0.0.1

3、验证

# tail -f /var/log/messages

-- > 表示10.0.0.0/16网段没有被分配,在上面的配置中可查

Dec 7 03:20:43 10_0_0_103 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 78:2b:cb:2c:83:44 viaem1: network 10.0.0.0/16: no free leases

-- > 表示成功分配

Dec 7 03:20:48 10_0_0_103 named[7769]: client 10.10.110.240#53: updatingzone 'ilo-zhangdh.com/IN': adding an RR at 'ILOCNG135T040.ILO

-JIAYUAN.COM' A

Dec 7 03:20:58 10_0_0_103 named[7769]: client 10.10.110.240#53: updatingzone '110.10.10.in-addr.arpa/IN': adding an RR at '240.110.10

.10.IN-ADDR.ARPA' PTR

-- > 查看是否分配成功,然后访问ilocng135t040.ilo-zhangdh.com即可访问管理端口

# ping ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM

PING ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM(10.10.110.240) 56(84) bytes of data.

64 bytes from ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM(10.10.110.240): icmp_seq=1 ttl=250 time=2.17 ms

64 bytes from ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM(10.10.110.240): icmp_seq=2 ttl=250 time=0.871 ms

64 bytes from ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM(10.10.110.240): icmp_seq=3 ttl=250 time=0.930 ms

64 bytes from ILOCNG135T040.ILO-ZHANGDH.COM(10.10.110.240): icmp_seq=4 ttl=250 time=0.886 ms


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