1,python web部署的实现:
python+uwsgi+nginx实现web。
本文测试环境:
服务器:树莓派B+
操作系统:
root@node100:~# cat /etc/issue Raspbian GNU/Linux 7 \n \l
IP:
root@node100:~# ip ad s 1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000 link/ether b8:27:eb:ed:b8:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff inet 192.168.137.100/24 brd 192.168.137.255 scope global eth0 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
软件需求:
python2.7.3
django-1.7.2
rpyc-3.3.0
uwsgi-2.0.9
nginx-1.6.2
mysql-5.5.40
都是目前稳定版本最新版本。
2,创建相应目录:
root@node100:~# mkdir /data root@node100:~# mkdir /data/logs #所有日志存放位置 root@node100:~# mkdir /data/www #页面代码 root@node100:~# mkdir /data/server #软件安装位置,后面nginx貌似装到/data下面了,这个目录就没用了。 root@node100:~# mkdir /soft #下载软包位置
3,安装必须的软件包
# apt-get update#更新下系统 安装相应的库文件,有些系统以及安装了就不用重新安装了: # apt-get install libpcre3-dev libssl-dev libpcre3 libssl build-essential zlib1g zlib1g-dev build-essential #可以解决包间的依赖关系等,很重要,raspbian默认安装。
----------------------- 安装nginx --------------------------
下载软件包:
# cd /soft/ # wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz
创建nginx运行用户和组:
# groupadd -g 5000 www # useradd -u 5000 -g 5000 www # tar -zxf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz # cd nginx-1.6.2/ # ./configure --prefix=/data/nginx --user=www --group=www --with-http_stub_status_module ## --with-http_stub_status_module #启用Nginx状态监控模块,默认不开启。 # make # make install
----------------------- 安装mysql --------------------------
# aptitude search mysql|grep ^i#查看系统中是否有mysql相应包,有则删除 # apt-get remove mysqlxxx#删除系统自带mysql相关包 # apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client python-mysqldb(python链接mysql支持包)#默认会安装许多依赖包,并且会让你设置mysql root账号密码。
默认安装完成自动启动,测试:
# mysql -uroot -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 43 Server version: 5.5.40-0+wheezy1 (Debian) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
测试python-mysqldb是否安装成功:
root@node100:~# python Python 2.7.3 (default, Mar 18 2014, 05:13:23) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import MySQLdb >>>
不报错则成功。
----------------------- 安装rpyc --------------------------
rpyc模块用于平台与主控端做数据通讯交互,获取最新版:https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/r/rpyc
# cd /soft/ # wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/r/rpyc/rpyc-3.3.0.tar.gz # tar -zxf rpyc-3.3.0.tar.gz # cd rpyc-3.3.0/ # python setup.py install
无报错则成功。
----------------------- 安装uwsgi --------------------------
#### tar包安装:
获取最新版:http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Download.html
可以在百度百科里面查到uwsgi的有关信息。
# apt-get install python-dev #编译时需要python相关库文件 # cd /soft # wget http://projects.unbit.it/downloads/uwsgi-2.0.9.tar.gz # tar -zxf uwsgi-2.0.9.tar.gz # cd uwsgi-2.0.9/ # python uwsgiconfig.py --build #看服务器配置,等待时间可能比较长。 ### apt-get源安装 # apt-get install uwsgi#这种安装会解决包的依赖关系,不用担心安装遇到依赖包错误。
看到下面代码,表示安装成功:
[ ok ] Starting app server(s): uwsgi (omitted; missing conffile(s) in /etc/uwsgi/apps-enabled).
----------------------- 安装Django --------------------------
参考:http://chongzi100.blog.51cto.com/340243/1600754
版本:Django-1.7.2
4,创建django工程:
# cd /data/www/ # django-admin startproject web04 # tree web04 web04 ├── manage.py └── web04 ├── __init__.py ├── settings.py ├── urls.py ├── wsgi.py 1 directory, 5 files
django测试,可以看参考文章。
5,配置nginx:
# pwd /data/nginx/conf # cat nginx.conf user www; worker_processes 1; pid /data/logs/nginx/nginx.pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 65; gzip on; server { listen 80; server_name web01.test.com; location / { uwsgi_pass 192.168.137.100:8000; uwsgi_param UWSGI_CHDIR /data/www/web04/web04; uwsgi_param UWSGI_SCRIPT wsgi; include uwsgi_params; access_log /data/logs/nginx_access.log; #打开日志功能方便排错。 } } }
6,配置uwsgi,创建uwsgi配置文件/data/nginx/conf/uwsgi.ini
# cat uwsgi.ini [uwsgi] socket = 192.168.137.100:8000 master = true pidfile = /data/logs/uwsgi.pid processes = 4 #指定进程数 workers = 1 #分配CPU核数 chdir = /data/www/web04/web04 #项目主目录 pythonpath = /data/www/web04 #项目上层目录 profiler = true memory-report = true enable-threads = true logdate = true limit-as = 512 #内存限制512k daemonize = /data/logs/django.log #开启日志,方便排错 gid = www uid = www vhost = false #如果是多站点,可改为true plugins = python #指定uwsgi将使用python
更多的参数说明,可参考官方说明。
http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/Configuration.html
7,测试:
启动uwsgi: uwsgi --ini /data/nginx/conf/uwsgi.ini 启动nginx: /data/nginx/sbin/nginx
8,遇到的错误:
"unavailable modifier requested"
该错误在网上搜了下,多数是uwsgi配置文件无法找到python导致的。
解决方法:
确认已经安装了uwsgi-plugin-python:
# aptitude search uwsgi-plugin-python i uwsgi-plugin-python - Python WSGI plugin for uWSGI p uwsgi-plugin-python3 - Python 3 WSGI plugin for uWSGI
两个参数都表示软件包的当前状态。
i #表示已安装
p #表示清除软件包
修改配置文件:
# vim uwsgi.ini plugins = python #添加该行,指定uwsgi用的是python
9,结束语:
文中没有做python再去链接mysql的测试,在以后的文章中写入吧。如果有哪里错了,请留言给我。