Ubuntu 3D桌面配置

原文：http://www.howtoforge.com/ubuntu_feisty_beryl_ati_radeon

1
我的机子配置是 Thinkpad T43 ATI mobility X300
首先更新所有的软件
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

2
确定你的显卡被识别
打开terminal输入命令
lspci | grep ATI
应该含有 ATI Technologies Inc Radeon R250 [Mobility X300 ..] 等信息
以下是可以装beryl 的列表

完全支持3D的
* 7000 / rv100 based cards.
* 7200 / R100 based cards.
* 7500 / rv200 based cards.
* 8X00 / R200 based cards.
* 9000 / rv250 based cards.
* 9100 / R200 based cards.
* 9200 / rv280 based cards.

实验性的3d加速
* 9500 / R300 based cards.
* 9600 / rv350 or rv360 based cards.
* 9700 / R300 based cards.
* 9800 / R350 or R360 based cards.
* X300 / rv370 based cards.
* X600 / rv380 based cards.
* X700 / rv410 based cards.
* X800 / R420 or R423 or R430 or R480 based cards.
* X850 / R480 or R481 based cards.

只有2D加速的
* Xpress 200M Northbridge integrated GPUs

不支持的
* X1300 / R515 based cards.
* X1600 / R530 based cards.
* X1800 / R520 based cards.
* X1900 / R580 based cards.

3 配置AIGLX和开源的 ATI 显卡驱动

注意：如果你已经安装了fglrx驱动，一定要卸载，在受限制的驱动对话框中把启动勾掉然后重启或Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 重启图形服务器

打开terminal
输入
glxinfo | grep vendor

如果出现
server glx vendor string: SGI
client glx vendor string: SGI
OpenGL vendor string: Tungsten Graphics, Inc.

则可以继续
安装开源驱动
输入命令
sudo apt-get remove xorg-driver-fglrx; sudo apt-get install libgl1-mesa-glx libgl1-mesa-dri

备份配置文件
cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.bak
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

把
Section "Device"
Identifier "ATI Technologies Inc Radeon ***"
Driver "ati"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection
替换成
Section "Device"
Identifier "ATI Technologies Inc Radeon ***" （这里保持原来标示）
Driver "radeon"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
Option "XAANoOffscreenPixmaps"
Option "AGPMode" "4"
Option "AGPFastWrite" "true"
Option "DisableGLXRootClipping" "true"
Option "AddARGBGLXVisuals" "true"
Option "AllowGLXWithComposite" "true"
Option "EnablePageFlip" "true"
EndSection

然后把
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "stylus" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "cursor" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "eraser" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection
替换成
Section "ServerLayout"
Option "AIGLX" "true"
Identifier "Default Layout"
Screen "Default Screen"
InputDevice "Generic Keyboard"
InputDevice "Configured Mouse"
InputDevice "stylus" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "cursor" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "eraser" "SendCoreEvents"
InputDevice "Synaptics Touchpad"
EndSection

然后如果没有以下两段的话则在文件最后加上
Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection

Section "Extensions"
Option "Composite" "Enable"
EndSection

然后保存文件
重启系统或者Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 重启图形服务器

重启后打开 terminal
输入
glxinfo | grep vendor
应该得到
server glx vendor string: SGI
client glx vendor string: SGI
OpenGL vendor string: Tungsten Graphics, Inc.

然后运行
glxinfo | grep "direct rendering"
应该得到
direct rendering: Yes

4 安装 Beryl

首先备份源列表
cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak

然后运行
sudo echo "deb http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org feisty main" >> /etc/apt/sources.list
wget http://ubuntu.beryl-project.org/root@lupine.me.uk.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update

然后编辑/etc/X11/xorg.conf
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

在文件中找 Section "Module" 段 确保里面含有
Load "dri"
Load "dbe"
Load "glx"

我的修改后如下
Section "Module"
Load "i2c"
Load "bitmap"
Load "ddc"
Load "dri"
Load "extmod"
Load "freetype"
Load "glx"
Load "int10"
Load "vbe"
Load "dbe"
EndSection

保存后重启系统或者Ctrl-Alt-Backspace 重启图形服务器

重启后打开terminal 安装 beryl 和 emerald 主题
sudo apt-get install beryl beryl-manager emerald-themes

安装完之后运行
beryl-manager
或者
在应用程序->附件->beryl-manager
这个时候你就可以享受特效