python访问sql server安装、配置、代码示例
freeTDS是能够用Linux和Unix连接MS SQLServer和Sybase数据库，TDS的意思是"表列数据流"
安装gcc组件:
yum install -y gcc
否则configure的时候报错：
configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH
Linux下安装freetds-dev:
download source:
http://mirrors.ibiblio.org/freetds/stable/
freetds-stable.tgz
http://www.freetds.org/
在任意目录解压后：
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/freetds --with-tdsver=8.0
make
sudo make install
配置文件：/usr/local/freetds/etc/freetds.conf
添加：
[mssql2005]
host = x.x.x.x
port = 1433
tds version = 8.0
client charset = UTF-8
测试：
# /usr/local/freetds/bin/tsql -S mssql2005 -H x.x.x.x -p 1433 -U MyUser -P MyPassword
1> select * from MyDB..MyTable
2> go
(正常可以得到查询结果)
下载python setuptools-git
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools-git/
解压到任意目录，进入目录运行:
python setup.py install
下载安装pymssql:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pymssql/2.1.1#downloads
pymssql-2.1.1.tar.gz
解压到任意目录，进入目录运行:
python setup.py install
增加lib路径:
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/freetds/lib/
即可在python中import pymssql
增加bin路径:
vi /root/.bashrc
添加内容如下:
export FREETDS=/usr/local/freetds
export $PATH="$PATH:$FREETDS/bin"
使其立即生效:
source /root/.bashrc
(end)
代码示例:
#coding=utf-8
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pymssql
import ConfigParser
class MSSQL:
def __init__(self):
cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
cf.read("mssql.conf")
self.host = cf.get("DB","host")
self.user = cf.get("DB","user")
self.pwd = cf.get("DB","pwd")
self.db = cf.get("DB","db")
def __GetConnect(self):
"""
get connetion info
response: conn.cursor()
"""
#if not self.db:
# raise(NameError,"no db conf file found")
self.conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,password=self.pwd,database=self.db,timeout=5,login_timeout=2,charset="utf8")
cur = self.conn.cursor()
if not cur:
raise(NameError,"fail connecting to DB")
else:
return cur
##verify DB connection
def VerifyConnection(self):
try:
if self.host=='':
return False
conn = pymssql.connect(host=self.host,user=self.user,password=self.pwd,database=self.db,timeout=1,login_timeout=1,charset="utf8")
return True
except:
return False
def ExecQuery(self,sql):
"""
execute query
get a list including tuple, elements of list are row of record, elements of tuple is fields
demo
ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="PythonWeiboStatistics")
resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT id,NickName FROM WeiBoUser")
for (id,NickName) in resList:
print str(id),NickName
"""
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
resList = cur.fetchall()
#resList = cur.description
#close connection after querying
self.conn.close()
return resList
def ExecNonQuery(self,sql):
"""
execute no query
demo
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
"""
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
self.conn.commit()
self.conn.close()
def ExecStoreProduce(self,sql):
"""
execute query
get a list including tuple, elements of list are row of record, elements of tuple is fields
demo:
ms = MSSQL(host="localhost",user="sa",pwd="123456",db="PythonWeiboStatistics")
resList = ms.ExecQuery("SELECT id,NickName FROM WeiBoUser")
for (id,NickName) in resList:
print str(id),NickName
"""
cur = self.__GetConnect()
cur.execute(sql)
resList = cur.fetchall()
self.conn.commit()
#close connection after querying
self.conn.close()
return resList
def main():
sqlquery="select * from MyDB..MyTable"
sqlconn=MSSQL()
res=sqlconn.ExecQuery(sqlquery)
for data in res:
print data
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
配置文件mssql.conf:
[DB] host=x.x.x.x db=MyDB user=MyUser pwd=MyPassword