邮件服务器之编译安装postfix
安装环境:redhat5.8 2.6.18-194.el5 i386
mysql 5.6.25 (mysql> SELECT VERSION();)
安装前
关闭sendmail服务 service sendmail stop &&chkconfig sendmail off
安装gcc环境 yum -y install gcc+
确认开发环境已安装;
Development Libraries
Development Tools
启动mysqld数据库服务. service mysqld start
启动saslauthd服务 service saslauthd start
添加postsfix账户:groupadd -g 2525 postfix
useradd -g 2525 -u 2525 -s /sbin/nologin -M postfix
添加postdrop用户组 groupadd -g 2526 postdrop
useradd -g 2526 -u 2526 -s /sbin/nologin -M postdrop
开始安装postfix
3.解压源码包 tar xf postfix-2.10.8.tar.gz
2.进入解压后的文件夹执行:make makefiles 'CCARGS=-DHAS_MYSQL -I/usr/local/mysql/include -DUSE_SASL_AUTH -DUSE_CYRUS_SASL -I/usr/include/sasl -DUSE_TLS ' 'AUXLIBS=-L/usr/local/mysql/lib -lmysqlclient -lz -lm -L/usr/lib/sasl2 -lsasl2 -lssl -lcrypto'
说明:
-I/usr/local/mysql/include指明MySQl头文件路径
AUXLIBS=-L/usr/local/mysql/lib指明MySQL库文件路径
-DUSE_SASL_AUTH 启用SASL支持
-I/usr/include/sasl 指明SASL头文件路径
-DUSE_TLS支持SMTPS协议
makefile过程中可能遇到的错误:
*** [alldig.o] 错误 127 缺少gcc环境
3.make **make install
安装路径和一些安装时的配置说明:
install_root: [/] /
tempdir: [/root/postfix-2.10.8] /tmp/postfix 安装过程中的临时文件目录
config_directory: [] /etc/postfix 配置文件目录
command_directory: [] /usr/sbin 二进制文件目录
daemon_directory: [] /usr/libexec/postfix
data_directory: [] /var/lib/postfix
html_directory: [] /usr/local/apache/htdocs html文件目录
mail_owner: [] postfix
mailq_path: [] /usr/bin/mailq
manpage_directory: [] /usr/local/man man文件
newaliases_path: [] /usr/bin/newaliases
queue_directory: [] /var/spool/postfix
readme_directory: [] no
sendmail_path: [] /usr/sbin/sendmail
setgid_group: [] postdrop
make install过程中可能的错误:
libpcre.so.1文件缺失 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib
libmysqlclient.so.18文件缺失 ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
4.提供SysV启动脚本
vi /ettc/init.d/postfix
#!/bin/bash
#
# postfix Postfix Mail Transfer Agent
#
# chkconfig: 2345 80 30
# description: Postfix is a Mail Transport Agent, which is the program \
# that moves mail from one machine to another.
# processname: master
# pidfile: /var/spool/postfix/pid/master.pid
# config: /etc/postfix/main.cf
# config: /etc/postfix/master.cf
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ $NETWORKING = "no" ] && exit 3
[ -x /usr/sbin/postfix ] || exit 4
[ -d /etc/postfix ] || exit 5
[ -d /var/spool/postfix ] || exit 6
RETVAL=0
prog="postfix"
start() {
# Start daemons.
echo -n $"Starting postfix: "
/usr/bin/newaliases >/dev/null 2>&1
/usr/sbin/postfix start 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog start"
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/postfix
echo
return $RETVAL
}
stop() {
# Stop daemons.
echo -n $"Shutting down postfix: "
/usr/sbin/postfix stop 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog stop"
RETVAL=$?
[ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix
echo
return $RETVAL
}
reload() {
echo -n $"Reloading postfix: "
/usr/sbin/postfix reload 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog reload"
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}
abort() {
/usr/sbin/postfix abort 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog abort"
return $?
}
flush() {
/usr/sbin/postfix flush 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog flush"
return $?
}
check() {
/usr/sbin/postfix check 2>/dev/null 1>&2 && success || failure $"$prog check"
return $?
}
restart() {
stop
start
}
# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
restart)
stop
start
;;
reload)
reload
;;
abort)
abort
;;
flush)
flush
;;
check)
check
;;
status)
status master
;;
condrestart)
[ -f /var/lock/subsys/postfix ] && restart || :
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|reload|abort|flush|check|status|condrestart}"
exit 1
esac
exit $?
# END
给予x权限 chmod +x /etc/init.d/postfix
将postfix加入服务列表:chkconfig --add postfix
postfix的配置文件
master 核心进程,配置文件/etc/postfix/master.cf
mail配置 /etc/postfix/main.cf
参数 = 值:参数必须顶格写,以空白字符开头的行被认为是上一行的延续
smtp协议命令(原语)
helo
ehlo
mail from:
rcpt to
data
.
启动服务测试 service postfix start
[root@localhost postfix-2.10.8]# telnet localhost 25
Trying 127.0.0.1...
Connected to localhost.localdomain (127.0.0.1).
Escape character is '^]'.
220 localhost.localdomain ESMTP Postfix
helo localhost
250 localhost.localdomain
mail from:[email protected]
250 2.1.0 Ok
rcpt to:root
250 2.1.5 Ok
data
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Subject:Are you ready?
hahhahaha
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as C4DEA3F52D8
quit
221 2.0.0 Bye
Connection closed by foreign host.