master:192.168.1.207
slave:192.168.1.208
msyql-proxy:192.168.1.206
主从环境搭建:
主从原理:
myslq所有操作都会记录到binlog
主从复制,slave通过读取master的binlog在自己服务器上分析成relaylog(中继日志)就可使用到自身了
主:配置binlog
从:配置relaylog
授权从读取主的binlog
具体配置:
主:
1.vim /etc/my.cnf修改后重启mysql
开启bin-log日志
server-id=1
bin-log=mysql-bin
binlog-format=mixed
#二进制日志格式mixed/row/statement
#statement记录执行语句
#row记录的是磁盘变化
#mixed混合的,由系统根据语句决定
2.授权slave连接账号
grant replication client,replication slave on *.* to 'slave'@'192.168.1.208' identified by 'test123';
3.进入msyql终端
reset master;
show master status;记录mysql-bin
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 202 | | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
从:
1.开启bin-log和relay-log日志,重启mysql
vim /etc/my.cnf
server-id=2
log-bin=mysql-bin
relay-log=mysql-relay
binglog-format=mixed
2.change master to master_host='192.168.1.207',master_user='slave',master_password='test123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=202;
3.stop slave;
reset slave;
start slave;
4.查看主从是否成功
show slave status\G
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
此两项为YES,即表示成功
mysql-proxy搭建:
一、安装lua
wget http://www.lua.org/ftp/lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
tar zxvf lua-5.1.4.tar.gz
cd lua-5.1.4
#vim src/Makefile
将
CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall $(MYCFLAGS)
修改为
CFLAGS= -O2 -fPIC -Wall $(MYCFLAGS)
make linux(根据系统选择,本人在centos下使用的是make generic)
make install
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz
wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-Proxy/mysql-proxy-0.8.5.tar.gz
tar zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit.tar.gz
mv mysql-proxy-0.8.5-linux-glibc2.3-x86-64bit /opt/mysql-proxy
mkdir -p /opt/mysql-proxy/init.d
mkdir -p /opt/mysql-proxy/run
mkdir -p /opt/mysql-proxy/log
mkdir -p /opt/mysql-proxy/scripts
tar zxvf mysql-proxy-0.8.5.tar.gz
cd mysql-proxy-0.8.5
cp lib/rw-splitting.lua /opt/mysql-proxy/scripts/
vim /opt/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua
将以下有注释部分进行修改
if not proxy.global.config.rwsplit then
proxy.global.config.rwsplit = {
min_idle_connections = 1, //默认为4
max_idle_connections = 1, //默认为8
is_debug = false
}
end
启动mysql-proxy
/opt/mysql-proxy/bin/mysql-proxy --proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.1.208:3306 --proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.1.207:3306 --daemon --pid-file=/opt/mysql-proxy/run/mysql-proxy.pid --user=mysql --log-level=debug --log-file=/opt/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log --plugins=proxy --proxy-lua-script=/opt/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua --plugins=admin --admin-username=admin --admin-password=admin --admin-lua-script=/opt/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua --keepalive
参数解释:
PROXY_PATH=/opt/mysql-proxy/bin //定义mysql-proxy服务二进制文件路径
PROXY_OPTIONS=”�Cadmin-username=root \ //定义内部管理服务器账号
--admin-password=password \ //定义内部管理服务器密码
--proxy-read-only-backend-addresses=192.168.10.131:3306 \ //定义后端只读从服务器地址
--proxy-backend-addresses=192.168.10.130:3306 \ //定义后端主服务器地址
--admin-lua-script=/opt/mysql-proxy/lib/mysql-proxy/lua/admin.lua \ //定义lua管理脚本路径
--proxy-lua-script=/opt/mysql-proxy/scripts/rw-splitting.lua” \ //定义lua读写分离脚本路径
PROXY_PID=/opt/mysql-proxy/run/mysql-proxy.pid //定义mysql-proxy PID文件路径
$NICELEVEL $PROXY_PATH/mysql-proxy $PROXY_OPTIONS \
--daemon \ //定义以守护进程模式启动
--keepalive \ //使进程在异常关闭后能够自动恢复
--pid-file=$PROXY_PID \ //定义mysql-proxy PID文件路径
--user=mysql \ //以mysql用户身份启动服务
--log-level=debug \ //定义log日志级别,由高到低分别有(error|warning|info|message|debug)
--log-file=/opt/mysql-proxy/log/mysql-proxy.log //定义log日志文件路径
测试步骤:
在master上授权mysql-proxy服务器连接账号
在master建立测试库和表,会同步到slave上
关闭slave(stop slave)
连接mysql-proxy
mysql -uroot -p -P4040 -h $mysql-proxy_IP #-P4040是mysql-proxy的监听端口
连接后再测试库插入数据,并查询后退出重新连接mysql-proxy再次查询,比较两次查询的数据
第二次查询没有刚插入的数据即表示查询到了slave,实现了读写分离