LAMP运行环境搭建及部署php程序软件

本文出自：http://liang178.blog.51cto.com/2137205/1715772

前言

    Linux+Apache+MySQL+PHP是大多数web服务器的运行环境，能熟练配置此运行环境是每个运维的必备基本技能，本文以安装MySQL管理工具PHPmyadmin以及博客软件wordpress为例，演示编译安装LAMP运行环境的过程。

一、实验拓扑图

二、安装步骤

2.1 编译安装Apache httpd 2.4.10。

httpd2.4版本依赖apr、apr-util这两个包，且版本要求高于系统自带包，需要编译安装

编译安装apr及apr-util

# tar xf apr-1.5.1.tar.bz2

# cd apr-1.5.1

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

# tar xf apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2

# cd apr-util-1.5.3

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr

# make && make install

编译安装httpd

1 # tar xf httpd-2.4.10.tar.bz2

2 # cd httpd-2.4.10

3 # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so \

4 --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre \

5 --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \

6 --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event

7 # make && make install

8 # vim /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh

9  export PATH=/usr/local/apache/bin:$PATH

10 # source /etc/profile.d/httpd24.sh

提供SysV服务脚本/etc/init.d/httpd24，可从httpd的RPM包复制一份，修改一下即可

# cp /etc/init.d/httpd /etc/init.d/httpd24

# vim /etc/init.d/httpd24

    ……

apachectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl

httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}

pidfile=${PIDFILE-/usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid}

 

    ……

# chkconfig --add httpd24

# chkconfig httpd24 on

2.2 以fpm方式编译安装php

# tar xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2

# cd php-5.4.26

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php5 --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl \

--with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir \

--with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml  \

--enable-sockets --enable-fpm --with-mcrypt  --with-config-file-path=/etc \

--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2

# make && make intall

配置php-fpm

# cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm

# chkconfig --add php-fpm

# chkconfig php-fpm on

# cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

# vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

pm.max_children = 50

pm.start_servers = 5

pm.min_spare_servers = 2

pm.max_spare_servers = 8

pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid

安装xcache，为php加速

# tar xf xcache-3.2.0.tar.gz

# cd xcache-3.2.0

# /usr/local/php5/bin/phpize

# ./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php5/bin/php-config

# make && make install

# mkdir /etc/php.d

# cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d

# vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini

extension = /usr/local/php5/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20121212/xcache.so

#如果有多条extension，确保该条在第一位

在Apache服务器上简单安装MySQL，给PHPmyadmin连接测试用。

# yum -y install mysql-server

# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all on *.* to root@'%' identified by '123456';"

# mysql -uroot -p -e "drop user ''@localhost;"

# mysql -uroot -p -e "drop user ''@localhost.localdomain;"

# service mysqld start

2.3 以通用二进制方式安装MySQL。

# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql

# mkdir -p /mydata/data

# tar xf mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

# cd /usr/local/

# ln -sv mysql-5.6.26-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql

# cd mysql 

# chown -R mysql:mysql  ./

# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/mydata/data

# chown -R root  ./

# cd /usr/local/mysql

# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

修改主配置文件

# mkdir /etc/mysql

# vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

[mysqld]

datadir = /mydata/data

thread_concurrency = 4

#CPU个数*2

port = 3306

server_id = 2

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

character_set_server = utf8

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 3G

max_allowed_packet = 64M

写个测试页面，启动服务访问测试环境是否部署成功

# vim /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php

<?php

  phpinfo();

  $link = mysql_connect('192.168.5.11','testuser','123456');

  if ($link)

    echo "Success...";

  else

    echo "Failure...";

  mysql_close();

?>

三、搭建CA证书服务器

# (umask 077;openssl genrsa -out /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem 2048)

# openssl req -new -x509 -key /etc/pki/CA/private/cakey.pem -out /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem -days 3650

# touch /etc/pki/CA/{index.txt,serial}

# echo 01 > /etc/pki/CA/serial

四、配置httpd，安装PHPmyadmin和WordPress。

4.1 生成证书请求文件，并发送给CA签署

# openssl genrsa -out /etc/httpd24/httpd.key 2048

# openssl req -new -key /etc/httpd24/httpd.key -out /etc/httpd24/httpd.csr

# # scp /etc/httpd24/httpd.csr [email protected]:/tmp

登录CA服务器，签署证书并发回给Apache服务器

# openssl ca -in /tmp/httpd.csr -out /tmp/httpd.crt

# scp /tmp/httpd.crt [email protected]:/etc/httpd24/

4.2 修改主配置文件，提供虚拟主机。

# vim /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf

 

#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"

#Listen 80

#<Directory />

#   AllowOverride none

#   Require all denied

#</Directory>

AddType application/x-httpd-php  .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source  .phps

DirectoryIndex  index.php  index.html

Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

 

LoadModule ssl_module modules/mod_ssl.so

LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so

LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so

# vim /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf

Listen 80

Listen 443

<VirtualHost *:443>

    ServerName test.phpmyadmin.com

    DocumentRoot "/www/pma"

    ErrorLog "logs/pma-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/pma-access_log" common

    ProxyRequests Off

    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/www/pma/$1

    SSLEngine on

    SSLCertificateFile "/etc/httpd24/httpd.crt"

    SSLCertificateKeyFile "/etc/httpd24/httpd.key"

</VirtualHost>

 

<VirtualHost *:80>

    ServerName test.wordpress.com

    DocumentRoot "/www/wordpress"

    ErrorLog "logs/wordpress-error_log"

    CustomLog "logs/wordpress-access_log" common

    ProxyRequests Off

    ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/www/wordpress/$1

</VirtualHost>

4.3 把PHPmyadmin和WordPress程序包解压到指定目录

# mkdir /www

# cd /www

# unzip /tmp/phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages.zip

# mv phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages/ pma

# tar xf /tmp/wordpress-4.3.1-zh_CN.tar.gz

修改程序主配置文件

# cp pma/config.sample.inc.php pma/config.inc.php

$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '192.168.5.10';

#把主机改成IP即可

 

# cp wordpress/wp-config-sample.php wordpress/wp-config.php 

# vim wordpress/wp-config.php

// ** MySQL 设置 - 具体信息来自您正在使用的主机 ** //

/** WordPress数据库的名称 */

define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');

 

/** MySQL数据库用户名 */

define('DB_USER', 'testuser');

 

/** MySQL数据库密码 */

define('DB_PASSWORD', '123456');

 

/** MySQL主机 */

define('DB_HOST', '192.168.5.11');

数据库配置

# mysql -uroot -p -e "create database wordpress;"

# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all on *.* to testuser@'%' identified by '123456';"

# mysql -uroot -p -e "drop user ''@localhost;"

# mysql -uroot -p -e "drop user ''@localhost.localdomain;"

重启服务，访问测试

# service php-fpm restart

# service httpd24 restart