EJB3的一对多映射使用@OneToMany来设置,如果是双向的一对多映射,在many方需要使用@ManyToOne设置。在本书中给出两个表,其他一个表t_customers在上一篇文章中已给出了,另一个表的结构如图1所示。
图1 t_orders表
t_customers和t_orders表是一对多关系,一个Customer可能有多个Order,而一个Order只能有一个Customer。
在Customer类中需要定义一个集合类型的属性,用来保存多个Order对象,Customer类的代码如下:
package
entity;
import
java.util.Collection;
import
javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import
javax.persistence.Entity;
import
javax.persistence.FetchType;
import
javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import
javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import
javax.persistence.Id;
import
javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import
javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import
javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import
javax.persistence.OneToMany;
import
javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import
javax.persistence.PrimaryKeyJoinColumn;
import
javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name
=
"
t_customers
"
)
public
class
Customer
{
private
int
id;
private
String name;
private
Referee referee;
private
Collection
<
Order
>
orders;
@OneToMany(mappedBy
=
"
customer
"
, cascade
=
CascadeType.ALL)
public
Collection
<
Order
>
getOrders()
{
return
orders;
}
public
void
setOrders(Collection
<
Order
>
orders)
{
this
.orders
=
orders;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy
=
GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public
int
getId()
{
return
id;
}
... ...
}
其中@OneToMany的mappedBy属性指定了Order类中获得Customer对象的属性名。Order类的代码如下:
package
entity;
import
javax.persistence.Column;
import
javax.persistence.Entity;
import
javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import
javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import
javax.persistence.Id;
import
javax.persistence.JoinColumn;
import
javax.persistence.JoinColumns;
import
javax.persistence.JoinTable;
import
javax.persistence.ManyToOne;
import
javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name
=
"
t_orders
"
)
public
class
Order
{
private
int
id;
private
String productId;
private
int
count;
private
Customer customer;
@ManyToOne
@JoinColumn(name
=
"
customer_id
"
)
public
Customer getCustomer()
{
return
customer;
}
public
void
setCustomer(Customer customer)
{
this
.customer
=
customer;
}
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy
=
GenerationType.IDENTITY)
public
int
getId()
{
return
id;
}
... ...
}
其中@JoinColumn注释的name属性指定t_orders表中用于连接t_customers表的外键名。
可以使用下面的代码进行测试:
Customer customer
=
new
Customer();
customer.setName(
"
微软
"
);
List
<
Order
>
orders
=
new
ArrayList
<
Order
>
();
Order order
=
new
Order();
order.setProductId(
"
1234
"
);
order.setCount(
20
);
order.setCustomer(customer);
orders.add(order);
order
=
new
Order();
order.setProductId(
"
4321
"
);
order.setCount(
12
);
order.setCustomer(customer);
orders.add(order);
customer.setOrders(orders);
em.persist(customer);
除此之外,还可以使用@JoinTable指定连接表来映射one-to-many关系。连接表的结构如图2所示。
图2 t_customers_orders表
首选需要将Customer类的getOrders方法修改成下的形式:
@OneToMany
@JoinTable(name
=
"
t_customers_orders
"
, joinColumns
=
@JoinColumn(name
=
"
t_customers_id
"
,
referencedColumnName
=
"
id
"
), inverseJoinColumns
=
@JoinColumn(name
=
"
orders_id
"
, referencedColumnName
=
"
id
"
))
public
Collection
<
Order
>
getOrders()
{
return
orders;
}
其中name属性指定图2所示的连接表的名称。joinColumns指定了t_customers表和t_customers_orders表中相连接的字段。inverseJoinColumns指定了t_orders表和t_customers_orders表中相连接的字段。这时t_orders表中的customer_id字段就不再需要了。因此,需要将Order表中的customer属性(getter和setter方法)去掉。
在持久化Customer和Order对象时,需要对Order对象进行持久化后才能对Customer对象进行持久化。
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