英语单词的发言规则

 

英语单词发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音 

元音字母 读 音 例 词 
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake 
在闭音节中 [æ] bag dad hat map black back 
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese 
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg  
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite 
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim 
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no 
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock 
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday 
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch 
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super 

二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音 

元音字母 读 音 例 词 
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality 
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father 
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high 
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold 
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother 

三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音 

元音字母 读 音 例 词 
a [E]E China another woman breakfast 
orange comrade village cabbage 
e [E] hundred student open weekend 
chicken pocket begin children 
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal 
[ai] exercise satellite 
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome 
[Eu] also zero photo 
u [E] autumn difficult 
[ju:] popular congratulation January 
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate 
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue 
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。 

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 

元音字组 读 音 例 词 
arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener 
[C:] warm quarter towards 
oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short 
[E:] word worker worse 
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday 
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry 
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday 

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音 

元音字组 读 音 例 词 
are [εE] care dare hare 
ere [iE] here mere 
ire [aiE] fire hire wire  
ore [C:] more score before 
ure [juE] pure cure 
  are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure 
  重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring  
  某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph  

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音 

元音字组 读 音 例 词 
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play 
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair  
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all 
[C:l] always also salt almost 
[α:] half calm 
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw 
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please 
[e] heavy bread sweater weather 
[ei] break great  
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year 
[εE] bear pear wear swear 
[E:] earth learn early 
ee [i:] jeep week green three 
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer 
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they 
[i:] either key 
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper 
[u:] flew brew jewelry  
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive 
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal 
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor 
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet 
oo [u:] broom food tooth school 
book look cook foot good 
ou/ow [au] flower house count down 
[ou] know row throw though 
[∧] young country enough 
[u:] group you soup 
our [C:] course your four 
[auE] our hour ours 
[E:] journey 
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 
[u:] juice fruit suit 

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音 

元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词 
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey 
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee  
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation  
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion  
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion 
-sten [sn] listen 
-stle [sl] whistle 
-sure [VE] pleasure measure 
-ture [tFE] picture culture 

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音 

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如：  everyday[ei]     handbag[æ]     blackboard[C:] 
  有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如：  sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天  holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日  break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐  cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜  

九、辅字组的读音 

辅字组 读 音 例 词 
b bike bus bag 
[/] bomb tomb  
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music 
[s] face decide cinema 
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher 
[k] school headache chemistry 
[F] machine 
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 
d [d] doctor bread hand day  
-dge [dV] bridge fridge 
dr- [dr] children driver drink 
f [f] five four breakfast 
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go  
[dV] orange large German  
gh [f] cough enough 
[/] light daughter high 
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue 
[^w] language anguish  
h [h] hot head house hand 
[/] hour honest 
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July 
k [k] kind bike skate make week 
kn- [n] knife know knock 
l [l] life milk school tall 
m [m] monkey come autumn 
-mn [m] autumn column solemn 
nn在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note  
[N] uncle thank hungry 
-ng [N] morning young wrong 
p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 
ph [f] elephant photo telephone 
q [k] Iraq 
qu- [kw] quality quite  
r [r] red rubber ruler 
s在词首或清辅音前元音字母间或浊辅音前 [s] sit sleep desk 
[z] music husband 
sc- [sk] scarlet 
[s] muscle science 
sh [F] she fish shirt wash 
t在通常情况下在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet 
[F] patient nation 
tch [tF] watch  
th在通常情况下在冠词 代词 介词 连词中在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method 
[T] the these with than 
[T] clothe fathe r weather 
tr- [tr] tree train country truck 
v [v] very voice love leave 
w [w] week win wake sweet wait 
[/] Answer two  
wh-wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why 
[h] who whose whole 
x在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise 
[gz] example exist exact 
wr- [r] write 
y- [j] yes yard yellow young 
z [z] puzzle zero zoo