装饰者可以在所委托被装饰者的行为之前与/或之后,加上自己的行为,以达到特定的目的
装饰者模式动态地将责任附加到对象上。
若要扩展功能,装饰者提供了比继承更有弹性的替代方案。
1.下面是Food.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.abs; public abstract class Food { protected Food food; protected float price; { setPrice(); } public abstract void setPrice(); public float cost() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return food != null ? food.cost() + price : price; } }
下面是Bread.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.con; import com.flyingh.abs.Food; public class Bread extends Food { public Bread() { super(); } public Bread(Food food) { super(); this.food = food; } @Override public void setPrice() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub price = 1; } }
下面是Milk.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.con; import com.flyingh.abs.Food; public class Milk extends Food { public Milk() { super(); } public Milk(Food food) { super(); this.food = food; } @Override public void setPrice() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub price = 1.5f; } }
下面是Egg.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.con; import com.flyingh.abs.Food; public class Egg extends Food { public Egg() { super(); } public Egg(Food food) { super(); this.food = food; } @Override public void setPrice() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub price = 0.5f; } }
下面是Client.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.client; import com.flyingh.abs.Food; import com.flyingh.con.Bread; import com.flyingh.con.Egg; import com.flyingh.con.Milk; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) { // bread:1 milk:1.5 egg:0.5 Food food1 = new Bread(new Milk(new Egg()));// 一份面包,一份牛奶,一份鸡蛋 Food food2 = new Bread(new Milk());// 一份面包,一份牛奶 Food food3 = new Bread(new Milk(new Egg(new Egg())));// 一份面包,一份牛奶,两份鸡蛋 Food food4 = new Milk(); food4 = new Milk(food4); food4 = new Bread(food4); food4 = new Egg(food4); System.out.println(food1.cost());// 3.0=0.5+1.5+1 System.out.println(food2.cost());// 2.5=1.5+1 System.out.println(food3.cost());// 3.5=0.5+0.5+1.5+1 System.out.println(food4.cost());// 4.5=1.5+1.5+1+0.5 } }
程序运行结果如下:
3.0 2.5 3.5 4.5
2.实现一个将大写英文字母变为小写,小写变为大写的Reader
下面是OppositeCaseReader.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.io; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; public class OppositeCaseReader extends FileReader { public OppositeCaseReader(String fileName) throws FileNotFoundException { super(fileName); // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } @Override public int read() throws IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub int c = super.read(); return c == -1 ? c : (Character.isLowerCase((char) c) ? Character .toUpperCase((char) c) : Character.toLowerCase((char) c)); } @Override public int read(char[] cbuf, int offset, int len) throws IOException { // TODO Auto-generated method stub int number = super.read(cbuf, offset, len); for (int i = 0; i < cbuf.length; i++) { cbuf[i] = Character.isLowerCase(cbuf[i]) ? Character .toUpperCase(cbuf[i]) : Character.toLowerCase(cbuf[i]); } return number; } }
下面是Client.java的代码:
package com.flyingh.client; import java.io.FileReader; import java.io.IOException; import com.flyingh.io.OppositeCaseReader; public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { // test文件内容: This Is A Test! FileReader ocr1 = new OppositeCaseReader("test"); FileReader ocr2 = new OppositeCaseReader("test"); FileReader ocr3 = new FileReader("test"); System.out.println((char) ocr1.read()); char[] cbuf = new char[20]; ocr3.read(cbuf, 0, cbuf.length); System.out.println(cbuf); ocr2.read(cbuf, 0, cbuf.length); System.out.println(cbuf); } }
程序运行结果如下:
t This Is A Test! tHIS iS a tEST!