创建简单的验证码

需要的maven库:

        <!-- Servlet -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>


    /**
     * 创建验证码
     */
    public static String createCaptcha(HttpServletResponse response) {
        StringBuilder captcha = new StringBuilder();
        try {
            // 参数初始化
            int width = 60;                      // 验证码图片的宽度
            int height = 25;                     // 验证码图片的高度
            int codeCount = 4;                   // 验证码字符个数
            int codeX = width / (codeCount + 1); // 字符横向间距
            int codeY = height - 4;              // 字符纵向间距
            int fontHeight = height - 2;         // 字体高度
            int randomSeed = 10;                 // 随机数种子
            char[] codeSequence = {              // 验证码中可出现的字符
                '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9'
            };
            // 创建图像
            BufferedImage bi = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
            Graphics2D g = bi.createGraphics();
            // 将图像填充为白色
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
            // 设置字体
            g.setFont(new Font("Courier New", Font.BOLD, fontHeight));
            // 绘制边框
            g.setColor(Color.BLACK);
            g.drawRect(0, 0, width - 1, height - 1);
            // 产生随机干扰线(160条)
            g.setColor(Color.WHITE);
            // 创建随机数生成器
            Random random = new Random();
            for (int i = 0; i < 160; i++) {
                int x = random.nextInt(width);
                int y = random.nextInt(height);
                int xl = random.nextInt(12);
                int yl = random.nextInt(12);
                g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
            }
            // 生成随机验证码
            int red, green, blue;
            for (int i = 0; i < codeCount; i++) {
                // 获取随机验证码
                String validateCode = String.valueOf(codeSequence[random.nextInt(randomSeed)]);
                // 随机构造颜色值
                red = random.nextInt(255);
                green = random.nextInt(255);
                blue = random.nextInt(255);
                // 将带有颜色的验证码绘制到图像中
                g.setColor(new Color(red, green, blue));
                g.drawString(validateCode, (i + 1) * codeX - 6, codeY);
                // 将产生的随机数拼接起来
                captcha.append(validateCode);
            }
            // 禁止图像缓存
            response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-store");
            response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
            response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);
            // 设置响应类型为 JPEG 图片
            response.setContentType("image/jpeg");
            // 将缓冲图像写到 Servlet 输出流中
            ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
            ImageIO.write(bi, "jpeg", sos);
            sos.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            logger.error("创建验证码出错!", e);
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
        return captcha.toString();
    }


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