Apache负载均衡实战
含Session共享
一准备工作
下载Apache、tomcat
2个或者多个tomcat
F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8088
F:\JavaProgram\apache-tomcat-7.0.64-8080
1个apache
F:\Apache24\bin
下载mod_jk.so
将此文件添加到目录F:\Apache24\modules
二配置文件
1 修改Apache conf目录下的httpd.conf
在最后一行添加
include "F:\Apache24\conf\mod_jk.conf"
2 新建mod_jk.conf文件
在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件,内容如下:
LoadModule jk_module modules/mod_jk.so
JkWorkersFile conf/workers.properties
#指定那些请求交给tomcat处理,"controller"为在workers.propertise里指定的负载分配控制器名
JkMount /* controller
3 tomcat配置
在Server.xml文件中添加两端配置:
<Engine defaultHost="localhost" name="Catalina" jvmRoute="tomcat2">
集群配置:
<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
channelSendOptions="6">
<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.BackupManager"
expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
notifyListenersOnReplication="true"
mapSendOptions="6"/>
<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
address="228.0.0.4"
port="45564"
frequency="500"
dropTime="3000"/>
<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
address="auto"
port="5000"
selectorTimeout="100"
maxThreads="6"/>
<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
</Sender>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.ThroughputInterceptor"/>
</Channel>
<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
filter=".*\.gif;.*\.js;.*\.jpg;.*\.png;.*\.htm;.*\.html;.*\.css;.*\.txt;"/>
<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
watchEnabled="false"/>
<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener"/>
</Cluster>
4 应用配置
需要在应用的web.xml文件中添加如下配置,表示该应用将在分布式容器中部署:
<distributable/>
5 新建workers.properties文件
在目录F:\Apache24\conf下添加文件,内容如下
#server
worker.list = controller
#========tomcat1========
worker.tomcat1.port=8009
worker.tomcat1.host=127.0.0.1
worker.tomcat1.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat1.lbfactor = 1
#========tomcat2========
worker.tomcat2.port=8019
worker.tomcat2.host=127.0.0.1
worker.tomcat2.type=ajp13
worker.tomcat2.lbfactor = 1
#========controller,负载均衡控制器========
worker.controller.type=lb
worker.controller.balanced_workers=tomcat1,tomcat2
worker.controller.sticky_session=false
worker.controller.sticky_session_force=1
#worker.controller.sticky_session=1
附一 Apache基本的操作方法:
本文假设你的apahce安装目录为/usr/local/apache2,这些方法适合任何情况
apahce启动命令:
推荐/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start apache启动
apache停止命令
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl stop 停止
apache重新启动命令:
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restart重启
要在重启 Apache 服务器时不中断当前的连接,则应运行:
/usr/local/sbin/apachectl graceful
附二引申以及需要注意的问题:
1、session复制的方式:BackupManager与DeltaManager
2、Java应用session的value需要序列化,否则无法实现session共享