【HDOJ】4297 One and One Story

综合性很强的题目。
存在环，可以用tarjan处理，然后需要求LCA。并查集+RMQ可以搞。
非常不错的题目。

  1 /* 4297 */
  2 #include <iostream>
  3 #include <sstream>
  4 #include <string>
  5 #include <map>
  6 #include <queue>
  7 #include <set>
  8 #include <stack>
  9 #include <vector>
 10 #include <deque>
 11 #include <algorithm>
 12 #include <cstdio>
 13 #include <cmath>
 14 #include <ctime>
 15 #include <cstring>
 16 #include <climits>
 17 #include <cctype>
 18 #include <cassert>
 19 #include <functional>
 20 #include <iterator>
 21 #include <iomanip>
 22 using namespace std;
 23 //#pragma comment(linker,"/STACK:102400000,1024000")
 24 
 25 #define sti                set<int>
 26 #define stpii            set<pair<int, int> >
 27 #define mpii            map<int,int>
 28 #define vi                vector<int>
 29 #define pii                pair<int,int>
 30 #define vpii            vector<pair<int,int> >
 31 #define rep(i, a, n)     for (int i=a;i<n;++i)
 32 #define per(i, a, n)     for (int i=n-1;i>=a;--i)
 33 #define clr                clear
 34 #define pb                 push_back
 35 #define mp                 make_pair
 36 #define fir                first
 37 #define sec                second
 38 #define all(x)             (x).begin(),(x).end()
 39 #define SZ(x)             ((int)(x).size())
 40 #define lson            l, mid, rt<<1
 41 #define rson            mid+1, r, rt<<1|1
 42 
 43 typedef struct {
 44     int v, nxt;
 45 } edge_t;
 46 
 47 const int maxn = 500005;
 48 // input
 49 int link[maxn], link2[maxn];
 50 
 51 // tarjan
 52 int low[maxn], pre[maxn], bn[maxn], C[maxn];
 53 int S[maxn], top;
 54 int dfs_clock, block;
 55 
 56 // LCA
 57 int head[maxn], l;
 58 edge_t E[maxn<<1];
 59 int deg[maxn], beg[maxn];
 60 int deep[maxn], V[maxn<<1], D[maxn<<1];
 61 
 62 // RMQ
 63 int dp[maxn<<1][20];
 64 
 65 int dis[maxn];
 66 int fa[maxn];
 67 int n;
 68 
 69 
 70 int find(int x) {
 71     if (x == fa[x])
 72         return x;
 73     
 74     int tmp = fa[x];
 75     fa[x] = find(fa[x]);
 76     dis[x] += dis[tmp];
 77     return fa[x];
 78 }
 79 
 80 void tarjan(int u) {
 81     S[top++] = u;
 82     pre[u] = low[u] = ++dfs_clock;
 83     
 84     int v = link[u];
 85     
 86     if (!pre[v]) {
 87         tarjan(v);
 88         low[u] = min(low[u], low[v]);
 89     } else if (!bn[v]) {
 90         low[u] = min(low[u], pre[v]);
 91     }
 92     
 93     if (pre[u] == low[u]) {
 94         ++block;
 95         C[block] = 0;
 96         do {
 97             bn[S[--top]] = block;
 98             ++C[block];
 99         } while (S[top] != u);
100     }
101 }
102 
103 void addEdge(int u, int v) {
104     E[l].v = v;
105     E[l].nxt = head[u];
106     head[u] = l++;
107 }
108 
109 void dfs(int u, int d) {
110     deep[u] = d;
111     V[++top] = u;
112     D[top] = d;
113     beg[u] = top;
114     
115     int v, k;
116     
117     for (k=head[u]; k!=-1; k=E[k].nxt) {
118         v = E[k].v;
119         if (link2[v] == -1) {
120             link2[v] = link2[u];
121         }
122         dfs(v, d+1);
123         V[++top] = u;
124         D[top] = d;
125     }
126 }
127 
128 void RMQ_init() {
129     int len = top;
130     int i, j, k;
131     
132     for (i=1; i<=len; ++i)
133         dp[i][0] = i;
134     for (j=1; (1<<j)<=len; ++j) {
135         for (i=1; i+(1<<j)-1<=len; ++i) {
136             if (D[dp[i][j-1]] < D[dp[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1]])
137                 dp[i][j] = dp[i][j-1];
138             else
139                 dp[i][j] = dp[i+(1<<(j-1))][j-1];
140         }
141     }
142 }
143 
144 int RMQ(int l, int r) {
145     if (l > r)
146         swap(l, r);
147     
148     int k = 0;
149     
150     while ((1<<(k+1)) <= r-l+1)
151         ++k;
152     
153     if (D[dp[l][k]] < D[dp[r-(1<<k)+1][k]])
154         return V[dp[l][k]];
155     else
156         return V[dp[r-(1<<k)+1][k]];
157 }
158 
159 void init() {
160     dfs_clock = top = block = 0;
161     memset(pre, 0, sizeof(pre));
162     memset(bn, 0, sizeof(bn));
163     
164     rep(i, 1, n+1) {
165         if (!pre[i])
166             tarjan(i);
167     }
168     
169     l = 0;
170     memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));
171     memset(link2, -1, sizeof(link2));
172     memset(deg, 0, sizeof(deg));
173     memset(dis, 0, sizeof(dis));
174     rep(i, 1, n+1) {
175         int bv = bn[i];
176         int bu = bn[link[i]];
177         if (bu == bv) {
178             int fx = find(link[i]);
179             int fy = find(i);
180             if (fx != fy) {
181                 fa[fy] = fx;
182                 dis[fy] = dis[link[i]] + 1;
183             }
184         } else {
185             addEdge(bu, bv);
186             ++deg[bv];
187             if (C[bu] > 1) {
188                 link2[bv] = link[i];
189             }
190         }
191     }
192     
193     rep(i, 1, block+1) {
194         if (deg[i] == 0)
195             addEdge(0, i);
196     }
197     
198     
199     // init RMQ
200     top = 0;
201     dfs(0, 0);
202     RMQ_init();
203 }
204 
205 void solve(int u, int v) {
206     if (u == v) {
207         puts("0 0");
208         return ;
209     }
210     
211     int bu = bn[u];
212     int bv = bn[v];
213     int lca = RMQ(beg[bu], beg[bv]);
214     
215     
216     #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
217         printf("bu = %d, bv = %d, lca = %d\n", bu, bv, lca);
218     #endif
219     
220     if (lca == 0) {
221         puts("-1 -1");
222         return ;
223     }
224     
225     if (C[lca] == 1) {
226         printf("%d %d\n", deep[bu]-deep[lca], deep[bv]-deep[lca]);
227         return ;
228     }
229     
230     int u2v, v2u;
231     int du, dv;
232     
233     if (bu == bv) {
234         du = dv = 0;
235         find(u);
236         find(v);
237         
238         if (dis[u] < dis[v]) {
239             u2v = C[bu] + dis[u] - dis[v];
240             v2u = dis[v] - dis[u];
241         } else {
242             u2v = dis[u] - dis[v];
243             v2u = C[bv] + dis[v] - dis[u];
244         }
245         
246     } else {
247         
248         du = deep[bu] - deep[lca];
249         dv = deep[bv] - deep[lca];
250         
251         int uu = link2[bu]==-1 ? u:link2[bu];
252         int vv = link2[bv]==-1 ? v:link2[bv];
253         
254         find(uu);
255         find(vv);
256         
257         #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
258             // printf("uu=%d, duu=%d, vv=%d, dvv=%d\n", uu, dis[uu], vv, dis[vv]);
259         #endif
260         if (dis[uu] < dis[vv]) {
261             u2v = C[lca] + dis[uu] - dis[vv];
262             v2u = dis[vv] - dis[uu];
263         } else {
264             u2v = dis[uu] - dis[vv];
265             v2u = C[lca] + dis[vv] - dis[uu];
266         }
267     }
268     
269     #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
270         printf("du=%d, dv=%d, u2v=%d, v2u=%d\n", du,dv,u2v,v2u);
271     #endif
272     if (max(u2v+du, dv) < max(v2u+dv, du)) {
273         printf("%d %d\n", u2v+du, dv);
274     } else if (max(u2v+du, dv) > max(v2u+dv, du)) {
275         printf("%d %d\n", du, v2u+dv);
276     } else {
277         if (min(u2v+du, dv) < min(v2u+dv, du)) {
278             printf("%d %d\n", u2v+du, dv);
279         } else if (min(u2v+du, dv) > min(v2u+dv, du)) {
280             printf("%d %d\n", du, v2u+dv);
281         } else {
282             printf("%d %d\n", max(u2v+du, dv), min(u2v+du, dv));
283         }
284     }
285 }
286 
287 int main() {
288     ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
289     #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
290         freopen("data.in", "r", stdin);
291         freopen("data.out", "w", stdout);
292     #endif
293     
294     int q;
295     int u, v;
296     
297     while (scanf("%d %d", &n, &q)!=EOF) {
298         rep(i, 1, n+1) {
299             fa[i] = i;
300             scanf("%d", &link[i]);
301         }
302         init();
303         while (q--) {
304             scanf("%d %d", &u, &v);
305             solve(u, v);
306         }
307     }
308     
309     #ifndef ONLINE_JUDGE
310         printf("time = %d.\n", (int)clock());
311     #endif
312     
313     return 0;
314 }

 数据生成器。

 1 from random import randint, shuffle
 2 import shutil
 3 import string
 4 
 5 
 6 def GenDataIn():
 7     with open("data.in", "w") as fout:
 8         t = 10
 9         bound = 5*10**5
10         for tt in xrange(t):
11             n = randint(bound/10, bound)
12             q = randint(bound/10, bound)
13             fout.write("%d %d\n" % (n, q))
14             dataList = []
15             for i in xrange(n):
16                 x = randint(1, n)
17                 dataList.append(x)
18             fout.write(" ".join(map(str, dataList)) + "\n")
19             for i in xrange(q):
20                 u = randint(1, n)
21                 v = randint(1, n)
22                 fout.write("%d %d\n" % (u, v))
23                 
24 def MovDataIn():
25     desFileName = "F:\eclipse_prj\workspace\hdoj\data.in"
26     shutil.copyfile("data.in", desFileName)
27 
28     
29 if __name__ == "__main__":
30     GenDataIn()
31     MovDataIn()