Mac OS X 10.11.1下搭建Python3.4 + PyQt5.5.1 +Eric6.1.1开发平台

由于Python易学、开源、面向对象、可移植性高、库丰富的特点，近期开始学习Python。百度了解了各款Python IDE后，还是认为Eric比较适合我，所以踏上了安装Eric坎坷之路，从选定工具到安装成功一共花费了8天时间，从Windows到Linux再到Mac，挨个折腾了一遍，Windows的搭建比较简单，下载好相应版本直接运行exe就行了，Linux和Mac下我都是用源码包安装的，所以遇到了不少问题最后，终于在Mac上研究明白了。把搭建的整个过程写下来，和与我一样的小白分享。

PS:Mac与Linux的搭建没什么区别，Linux下的也可参考本文，由于我安装过xcode所以gcc我没有再单独去安装，没有的请根据提示自行安装。

一、准备文件

1. Python3.4
2. Qt5.5.1
3. SIP4.17
4. QScintilla2.9.1
5. PyQt5.5.1

二、安装过程

1.安装Python3.4

            从官网（https://www.python.org/download）下载相应平台的版本安装即可

        注意！！

 

• 如果您是iOS开发者,请不要删除python2.7,因为Xcode使用的2.7的脚本,不支持3以上版本!!!

2.安装Qt5.5.1

            从官网（http://qt-project.org/downloads）下载相应平台的版本安装即可，路径设成默认（/Users/*/Qt5.5.1）即可

            安装完成需要将Qt5添加到环境变量~/.bash_profile         　　

　　　　

1 vim ~/.bash_profile

 

 

　　　　将下面两行添加进去

1 PATH="/Users/*/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin:${PATH}"
2 export PATH

 

3.安装SIP4.14

            下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download            

1 tar -zxvf sip-4.17.tar.gz  
2 cd sip-4.17
3 python3 configure.py  
4 make  && date # 加&&date是个人习惯，make成功会显示时间
5 sudo make install  && date # 一定要加sudo

 

4.安装QScintilla/Qt4Qt5

　　　　　　下载地址：http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/qscintilla/download

             QScintilla2 文件中有3个文件夹的内容要分别安装：Qt4Qt5，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python。

             Qt4Qt5文件夹要在PyQt之前安装，designer-Qt4Qt5和Python要在PyQt之后安装，顺序一定要注意！！

1 cd ./QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Qt4Qt5
2 qmake qscintilla.pro
3 make && date
4 sudo make install && date

 

5.安装PyQt5.5.1

            下载地址：https://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/pyqt/download5

            由于是安装在Python的site-packages里，所以要首先确定包的位置

1 python3
2 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,20:38:52)
3 [GCC 4.2.1(AppleInc. build 5666)(dot 3)] on darwin
4 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information.
5 >>> import site
6 >>> site.getsitepackages()
7 ['/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages','/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/site-python','/Library/Python/3.4/site-packages']

 

        　　知道了位置开始编译

 

1 cd PyQt-gpl-5.5.1
2 $python3 configure.py -q /Users/**/Qt5.5.1/5.5/clang_64/bin/qmake -d /Library/Python/3.4/site-packages/ #-q 后面的是qmake的位置，-d 后面是Python包的位置
3 make && date

 

 

 

注意！！

我在执行make的时候出了一个这样的错误

1 /Users/Kallan/Documents/Python开发/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/sip/QtPositioning/qgeolocation.sip:28:10: fatal error:
2          'qgeolocation.h' file not found
3     #include <qgeolocation.h>
4             ^
5     1 error generated.
6 make[1]:***[sipQtPositioningcmodule.o]Error1
7 make:***[sub-QtPositioning-make_first-ordered]Error2

 

解决方法：

在/PyQt-gpl-5.5.1/QtPositioning文件夹下创建一个头文件qgeolocation.h，把下面的内容复制进去

 1     /****************************************************************************
 2     **
 3     **Copyright(C)2015TheQtCompanyLtd.
 4     **Contact: http://www.qt.io/licensing/
 5     **
 6     **This file is part of the QtPositioning module of the QtToolkit.
 7     **
 8     ** $QT_BEGIN_LICENSE:LGPL21$
 9     **CommercialLicenseUsage
10     **Licensees holding valid commercial Qt licenses may use this file in
11     ** accordance with the commercial license agreement provided with the
12     **Softwareor, alternatively,in accordance with the terms contained in
13     ** a written agreement between you andTheQtCompany.For licensing terms
14     **and conditions see http://www.qt.io/terms-conditions.For further
15     ** information use the contact form at http://www.qt.io/contact-us.
16     **
17     ** GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicenseUsage
18     **Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of the GNU Lesser
19     **GeneralPublicLicense version 2.1or version 3as published by the Free
20     **SoftwareFoundationand appearing in the file LICENSE.LGPLv21and
21     ** LICENSE.LGPLv3 included in the packaging of this file.Please review the
22     ** following information to ensure the GNU LesserGeneralPublicLicense
23     ** requirements will be met: https://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.html and
24     ** http://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.html.
25     **
26     **As a special exception,TheQtCompany gives you certain additional
27     ** rights.These rights are described inTheQtCompany LGPL Exception
28     ** version 1.1, included in the file LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt in this package.
29     **
30     ** $QT_END_LICENSE$
31     **
32     ****************************************************************************/
33     #ifndef QGEOLOCATION_H
34     #define QGEOLOCATION_H
35     #include <QtCore/QSharedDataPointer>
36     #include <QtCore/QMetaType>
37     #include <QtPositioning/qpositioningglobal.h>
38     QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
39     classQGeoAddress;
40     classQGeoCoordinate;
41     classQGeoRectangle;
42     classQGeoLocationPrivate;
43     class Q_POSITIONING_EXPORT QGeoLocation
44     {
45     public:
46        QGeoLocation();
47        QGeoLocation(const QGeoLocation&other);
48        ~QGeoLocation();
49        QGeoLocation&operator=(const QGeoLocation&other);
50        bool operator==(const QGeoLocation&other) const;
51        bool operator!=(const QGeoLocation&other) const {
52            return!(other ==*this);
53        }
54        QGeoAddress address() const;
55        void setAddress(const QGeoAddress&address);
56        QGeoCoordinate coordinate() const;
57        void setCoordinate(const QGeoCoordinate&position);
58        QGeoRectangle boundingBox() const;
59        void setBoundingBox(const QGeoRectangle&box);
60        bool isEmpty() const;
61     private:
62        QSharedDataPointer<QGeoLocationPrivate> d;
63     };
64     Q_DECLARE_TYPEINFO(QGeoLocation, Q_MOVABLE_TYPE);
65     QT_END_NAMESPACE
66     Q_DECLARE_METATYPE(QGeoLocation)
67     #endif

 

继续！

1 make && date
2 sudo make install && date

 

6.安装QScintilla/Python

1 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/Python
2 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5-v /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5
3 make && date
4 sudo make install && date

 

如果在Python里import不会报错，即代表安装成功，可继续往下进行

1 python3
2 Python3.4.4(v3.4.4:737efcadf5a6,Dec192015,20:38:52)
3 [GCC 4.2.1(AppleInc. build 5666)(dot 3)] on darwin
4 Type"help","copyright","credits" or "license"for more information.
5 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci
6 >>> exit()

 

7.安装QScintilla/designer-Qt4Qt5        

1 cd /QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5
2 qmake designer.pro
3 make && date
4 sudo make install && date

 

8.安装Eric6

下载地址：http://sourceforge.net/projects/eric-ide/files/eric6/stable/

下载其中的eric6-6.1.1.tar主文件和eric6-i18n-zh_CN.GB2312-6.1.1.tar中文语言包。

将两个文件提取出来，将中文语音包的eric复制到主文件内合并

1 cd eric6-6.1.1
2 sudo python3 install.py 

 

配置Eric6

1、选择Eric6-> preference -> Editor -> Autocompation。勾选所有选框；

2.Editor -> QScintilla 。勾上左右的两个选框，然后在下面source中，选择from Document and API files；

3.Editor -> APIs。勾选Complie APIs Autocompation，在Language中，选择python3。点面下面的Add from installed APIs按钮,选择住需要的.api文件。最后点击Compile APIs；

4、Interface -> Interface。Language选择中文,重启生效。

大功告成！

三、曾经遇到的问题

1.安装QScintilla designer-Qt4Qt5时报错！

 

1 root@kallan:/media/kallan/D盘/编程学习/python/QScintilla-gpl-2.9.1/designer-Qt4Qt5# qmake -qt5 designer.pro Project ERROR: Unknown module(s) in QT: designer

 

 

 

原因： Qt没有安装好

2.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

1 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5-d /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5--pyqt-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5--qsci-sipdir=/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/share/sip/PyQt5
2 Error:Make sure you have a working sip on your PATH or use the --sip argument
3 to explicitly specify a working sip.

 

原因：没有安装SIP

3.安装QScintilla Python时报错！

 1 python3 configure.py --pyqt=PyQt5
 2 ConfiguringQScintilla2.9.1...
 3 QScintilla2.9.1 is being used.
 4 TheQScintilla.sip files will be installed in/usr/share/sip/PyQt5.
 5 TheQScintilla module will be installed in
 6 /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/PyQt5.
 7 PyQt5.3.1 is being used.
 8 Qt5.3.1 is being used.
 9 sip 4.16.2 is being used.
10 The sip executable is /usr/bin/sip.
11 TheQScintilla module is being built with 'protected' redefined as 'public'.
12 TheQScintilla API file will be installed in/usr/share/qt5/qsci/api/python.
13 Generating the C++ source for the Qsci module...
14 Error:Unable to create the C++ code.

 

原因：安装顺序错误——先安装的PyQt5，而后安装的QScintilla Qt4Qt5

4.QScintilla的Python安装完成但是在Python中import时报错！

1 >>> import PyQt5.Qsci
2 Traceback(most recent call last):
3 File"<stdin>", line 1,in<module>
4 ImportError: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,2):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport
5 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so
6 Reason: image not found

 

5.安装Eric报错！

1 python3 install.py
2 Checking dependencies
3 PythonVersion:3.4.4
4 FoundPyQt5
5 Sorry, please install QScintilla2 and
6 its PyQt5/PyQt4 wrapper.
7 Error: dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so,2):Library not loaded:@rpath/QtPrintSupport.framework/Versions/5/QtPrintSupport
8 Referenced from:/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/site-packages/PyQt5/Qsci.so
9 Reason: image not found

 

4和5问题的原因是一样的，QScintilla的Python没有安装成功

 

来自为知笔记(Wiz)