python 解析 配置文件

资料： https://docs.python.org/3/library/configparser.html

环境

python 3.4.4

RawConfigParser方式

example.cfg文件：

[Section1]
an_int = 15
a_bool = true
a_float = 3.1415
baz = fun
bar = Python
foo = %(bar)s is %(baz)s!

test_example_ini.py 文件：

import configparser

def test_write():
    config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
    config.add_section('Section1')
    config.set('Section1', 'an_int', '15')
    config.set('Section1', 'a_bool', 'true')
    config.set('Section1', 'a_float', '3.1415')
    config.set('Section1', 'baz', 'fun')
    config.set('Section1', 'bar', 'Python')
    config.set('Section1', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')

    with open('example.cfg', 'w',encoding="utf-8") as configfile:
        config.write(configfile)
        
def test_read():
    config = configparser.RawConfigParser()
    config.read('example.cfg')

    a_float = config.getfloat('Section1', 'a_float')
    an_int = config.getint('Section1', 'an_int')
    print (a_float + an_int)

    if config.getboolean('Section1', 'a_bool'):
        print (config.get('Section1', 'foo'))
        
if __name__=="__main__":
    test_write()
    test_read()

输出：

18.1415
%(bar)s is %(baz)s!

同时生成example.cfg文件，内容如下：

[Section1]
an_int = 15 a_bool = true a_float = 3.1415 baz = fun bar = Python foo = %(bar)s is %(baz)s!

 ConfigParser方式

mysql.cfg 文件内容：

[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
skip-external-locking = True
old_passwords = 1
skip-bdb = True
skip-innodb = False

[oracle]
user = root
password = hello

test_mysql_cfg.py 文件内容：

import configparser

def test_write():
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read('mysql.cfg')

    config.set("mysqld", "mysql_pass", "123456")
    config.write(open('mysql.cfg', "w"))    
        
def test_read():
    config = configparser.ConfigParser()
    config.read('mysql.cfg')

    s = config.sections()
    print ('section:', s)

    o = config.options("mysqld")
    print ('mysqld:', o)

    v = config.items("mysqld")
    print ('mysql:', v)

    mysql_user = config.get("mysqld", "user")
    mysql_pid = config.get("mysqld", "pid-file")
    mysql_old = config.getint("mysqld", "old_passwords")
    mysql_skipbdb = config.get("mysqld", "skip-bdb")

    print (mysql_user, mysql_pid, mysql_old, mysql_skipbdb)
        
if __name__=="__main__":
    test_write()
    test_read()

执行结果：

section: ['mysqld', 'oracle']
mysqld: ['user', 'pid-file', 'skip-external-locking', 'old_passwords', 'skip-bdb', 'skip-innodb', 'mysql_pass']
mysql: [('user', 'mysql'), ('pid-file', '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid'), ('skip-external-locking', 'True'), ('old_passwords', '1'), ('skip-bdb', 'True'), ('skip-i
nnodb', 'False'), ('mysql_pass', '123456')]
mysql /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 1 True

同时mysql.cfg变化如下：

[mysqld]
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
skip-external-locking = True
old_passwords = 1
skip-bdb = True
skip-innodb = False
mysql_pass = 123456

[oracle]
user = root
password = hello