Springmvc构造RESTful详细讲解

/blog/1 HTTP GET =>  得到id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP DELETE => 删除 id = 1的blog
/blog/1 HTTP PUT =>  更新id = 1的blog
/blog   HTTP POST =>  新增BLOG

 

    以下详细解一下spring rest使用.

    首先,我们带着如下两个问题查看本文。

        1.如何在java构造没有扩展名的RESTful url,如 /forms/1,而不是 /forms/1.do

        2.浏览器的form标签不支持提交delete,put请求,如何曲线解决

    springmvc rest 实现

    springmvc的resturl是通过@RequestMapping 及@PathVariable annotation提供的,
    通过如@RequestMapping(value="/blog /{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)即可处理/blog/1 的delete请求.

 

1 @RequestMapping(value="/blog/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2 public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)  {
3  blogManager.removeById(id);
4  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
5}

 

    @RequestMapping @PathVariable如果URL中带参数,则配合使用,如

 

1 @RequestMapping(value="/blog/{blogId}/message/{msgId}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
2 public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable("blogId") Long blogId,@PathVariable("msgId") Long msgId,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response)  {
3}

 

    1.springmvc web.xml配置

 1 <!-- 该servlet为tomcat,jetty等容器提供,将静态资源映射从/改为/static/目录,如原来访问 http://localhost/foo.css ,现在http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
 2   <servlet-mapping>
 3   <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>
 4   <url-pattern>/static/*</url-pattern>
 5   </servlet-mapping>
 6   <servlet>
 7     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
 8     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
 9     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
10   </servlet>
11
12   <!-- URL重写filter,用于将访问静态资源http://localhost/foo.css 转为http://localhost/static/foo.css -->
13   <filter>
14   <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
15   <filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class>
16   <init-param>
17      <param-name>confReloadCheckInterval</param-name>
18      <param-value>60</param-value>
19     </init-param>
20   <init-param>
21         <param-name>logLevel</param-name>
22         <param-value>DEBUG</param-value>
23       </init-param>
24   </filter>
25   <filter-mapping>
26   <filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name>
27   <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
28   </filter-mapping>
29
30   <!-- 覆盖default servlet的/, springmvc servlet将处理原来处理静态资源的映射 -->
31   <servlet-mapping>
32     <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
33     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
34   </servlet-mapping>
35
36   <!-- 浏览器不支持put,delete等method,由该filter将/blog?_method=delete转换为标准的http delete方法 -->
37   <filter>
38   <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
39   <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
40   </filter>
41
42   <filter-mapping>
43   <filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
44   <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
45   </filter-mapping>

 

    2.webapp/WEB-INF/springmvc-servlet.xml配置,使用如下两个class激活@RequestMapping annotation

 

 

1 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping"/>   
2 <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"/>  
3

 

    3.Controller编写

 1 /**
 2  * @RequestMapping("/userinfo") 具有层次关系,方法级的将在类一级@RequestMapping之一,
 3  * 如下面示例, 访问方法级别的@RequestMapping("/new"),则URL为 /userinfo/new
 4  */
 5@Controller
 6@RequestMapping("/userinfo")
 7public class UserInfoController extends BaseSpringController{
 8  //默认多列排序,example: username desc,createTime asc
 9  protected static final String DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS = null;
10
11  private UserInfoManager userInfoManager;
12
13  private final String LIST_ACTION = "redirect:/userinfo";
14
15  /**
16  * 通过spring自动注入
17  **/
18  public void setUserInfoManager(UserInfoManager manager) {
19  this.userInfoManager = manager;
20  }
21
22  /** 列表 */
23  @RequestMapping
24  public ModelAndView index(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) {
25  PageRequest<Map> pageRequest = newPageRequest(request,DEFAULT_SORT_COLUMNS);
26  //pageRequest.getFilters(); //add custom filters 
27
28  Page page = this.userInfoManager.findByPageRequest(pageRequest);
29  savePage(page,pageRequest,request);
30  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/list","userInfo",userInfo);
31  }
32
33  /** 进入新增 */
34  @RequestMapping(value="/new")
35  public ModelAndView _new(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
36  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/new","userInfo",userInfo);
37  }
38
39  /** 显示 */
40  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}")
41  public ModelAndView show(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
42  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
43  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/show","userInfo",userInfo);
44  }
45
46  /** 编辑 */
47  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}/edit")
48  public ModelAndView edit(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
49  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
50  return new ModelAndView("/userinfo/edit","userInfo",userInfo);
51  }
52
53  /** 保存新增 */
54  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.POST)
55  public ModelAndView create(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,UserInfo userInfo) throws Exception {
56  userInfoManager.save(userInfo);
57  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
58  }
59
60  /** 保存更新 */
61  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.PUT)
62  public ModelAndView update(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
63  UserInfo userInfo = (UserInfo)userInfoManager.getById(id);
64  bind(request,userInfo);
65  userInfoManager.update(userInfo);
66  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
67  }
68
69  /** 删除 */
70  @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
71  public ModelAndView delete(@PathVariable Long id,HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
72  userInfoManager.removeById(id);
73  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
74  }
75
76  /** 批量删除 */
77  @RequestMapping(method=RequestMethod.DELETE)
78  public ModelAndView batchDelete(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {
79  String[] items = request.getParameterValues("items");
80  for(int i = 0; i < items.length; i++) {
81   java.lang.Long id = new java.lang.Long(items[i]);
82   userInfoManager.removeById(id);
83  }
84  return new ModelAndView(LIST_ACTION);
85  }
86
87}
88

 

1 /userinfo  => index()
2   /userinfo/new => _new()
3   /userinfo/{id} => show()
4   /userinfo/{id}/edit  => edit()
5   /userinfo POST => create()
6   /userinfo/{id} PUT => update()
7   /userinfo/{id} DELETE => delete()
8   /userinfo DELETE => batchDelete()
9

 

    
    注(不使用 /userinfo/add  => add() 方法是由于add这个方法会被maxthon浏览器当做广告链接过滤掉,因为包含ad字符)


 

    4.jsp 编写

1 <form:form action="${ctx}/userinfo${userInfo.userId}" method="put">
2 </form:form>

 

    生成的html内容如下, 生成一个hidden的_method=put,并于web.xml中的HiddenHttpMethodFilter配合使用,在服务端将post请求改为put请求

1 <form id="userInfo" action="/springmvc_rest_demo/userinfo/2" method="post">
2   <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put"/>
3 </form>

 

    另外一种方法是你可以使用ajax发送put,delete请求.

    5.静态资源的URL重写

        如上我们描述,现因为将default servlet映射至/static/的子目录,现我们访问静态资源将会带一个/static/前缀.

        如 /foo.gif, 现在访问该文件将是 /static/foo.gif.

        那如何避免这个前缀呢,那就是应用URL rewrite,现我们使用 http://tuckey.org/urlrewrite/, 重写规则如下

    

1 <urlrewrite>
2    <!-- 访问jsp及jspx将不rewrite url,其它.js,.css,.gif等将重写,如 /foo.gif => /static/foo.gif -->
3    <rule>
4     <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jsp</condition>
5     <condition operator="notequal" next="and" type="request-uri">.*.jspx</condition>
6      <from>^(/.*\..*)$</from>
7      <to>/static$1</to>
8    </rule>
9 </urlrewrite>

静态资源访问<mvc:resources>

如果在DispatcherServlet中设置url-pattern为 /则必须对静态资源进行访问处理。

spring mvc <mvc:resources mapping="" location="">实现对静态资源进行映射访问。

如下是对js文件访问配置:

<mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>

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