下面以导出2007(文件名后缀为:xlsx)格式的excel文件为例,简单介绍利用Java反射机制自由地读取数据并填充到excel中的过程。
第一步:引入依赖包(2007版本的excel依赖包为poi-ooxml,如果是2003的则为poi)
<dependency> <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId> <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId> <version>3.10.1</version> </dependency>
注意getSexName()方法的用法。
package com.xjj.poi; import java.util.Date; public class Student { private long id; private String name; private int age; private boolean sex; private Date birthday; public Student() { } public Student(long id, String name, int age, boolean sex, Date birthday) { this.id = id; this.name = name; this.age = age; this.sex = sex; this.birthday = birthday; } //sex转换为中文 public String getSexName(){ return (sex==true) ? "男" : "女"; } public long getId() { return id; } public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public int getAge() { return age; } public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; } public boolean getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(boolean sex) { this.sex = sex; } public Date getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } }
package com.xjj.util; import java.awt.Color; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Collection; import java.util.Date; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.List; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.IndexedColors; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCellStyle; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFColor; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFFont; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRichTextString; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; import com.xjj.poi.Student; public class ExcelUtil { /** * 根据输入的数据生成一个XSSFWorkbook * @param title:sheet名称 * @param propertyHeaderMap:<property, header>(<T中的property名称、有getter就行, 对应显示在Excel sheet中的列标题>) * 用LinkedHashMap保证读取的顺序和put的顺序一样 * @param dataSet:实体类集合 * @return:XSSFWorkbook */ public static <T> XSSFWorkbook generateXlsxWorkbook(String title, LinkedHashMap<String, String> propertyHeaderMap, Collection<T> dataSet) { // 声明一个工作薄 XSSFWorkbook workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); // 生成一个表格 XSSFSheet sheet = workbook.createSheet(title); // 设置表格默认列宽度为15个字节 sheet.setDefaultColumnWidth((int) 15); XSSFCellStyle headerStyle = getHeaderStyle(workbook); XSSFCellStyle contentStyle = getContentStyle(workbook); // 生成表格标题行 XSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(0); int i = 0; for(String key : propertyHeaderMap.keySet()){ XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellStyle(headerStyle); XSSFRichTextString text = new XSSFRichTextString(propertyHeaderMap.get(key)); cell.setCellValue(text); i++; } //循环dataSet,每一条对应一行 int index = 0; for(T data : dataSet){ index ++; row = sheet.createRow(index); int j = 0; for(String property : propertyHeaderMap.keySet()){ XSSFCell cell = row.createCell(j); cell.setCellStyle(contentStyle); //拼装getter方法名 String getMethodName = "get" + property.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + property.substring(1); try { //利用反射机制获取dataSet中的属性值,填进cell中 Class<? extends Object> tCls = data.getClass(); Method getMethod = tCls.getMethod(getMethodName, new Class[] {}); Object value = getMethod.invoke(data, new Object[] {}); //调用getter从data中获取数据 // 判断值的类型后进行类型转换 String textValue = null; if (value instanceof Date) { Date date = (Date) value; SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); textValue = sdf.format(date); } else { // 其它数据类型都当作字符串简单处理 textValue = value.toString(); } /*if(textValue != null){ Pattern p = Pattern.compile("^//d+(//.//d+)?$"); Matcher matcher = p.matcher(textValue); if (matcher.matches()) { // 是数字当作double处理 cell.setCellValue(Double.parseDouble(textValue)); } else { XSSFRichTextString richString = new XSSFRichTextString(textValue); cell.setCellValue(richString); } }*/ XSSFRichTextString richString = new XSSFRichTextString(textValue); cell.setCellValue(richString); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } j++; } } return workbook; } /** * 生成一个标题style * @return style */ public static XSSFCellStyle getHeaderStyle(Workbook workbook){ return getHeaderStyle(workbook, Color.BLUE, IndexedColors.WHITE.getIndex()); } /** * 生成一个指定颜色的标题style * @param workbook * @param foregroundColor * @param fontColor * @return */ public static XSSFCellStyle getHeaderStyle(Workbook workbook, Color foregroundColor, short fontColor){ // 生成一个样式(用于标题) XSSFCellStyle style = (XSSFCellStyle) workbook.createCellStyle(); // 设置这些样式 style.setFillForegroundColor(new XSSFColor(foregroundColor)); style.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); style.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 生成一个字体 XSSFFont font = (XSSFFont) workbook.createFont(); font.setColor(fontColor); font.setFontHeightInPoints((short) 12); font.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_BOLD); // 把字体应用到当前的样式 style.setFont(font); return style; } /** * 生成一个用于内容的style * @param workbook * @return */ public static XSSFCellStyle getContentStyle(Workbook workbook){ // 生成并设置另一个样式(用于内容) XSSFCellStyle style = (XSSFCellStyle) workbook.createCellStyle(); //style.setFillForegroundColor(new XSSFColor(Color.YELLOW)); //style.setFillPattern(XSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND); style.setBorderBottom(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderLeft(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderRight(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setBorderTop(XSSFCellStyle.BORDER_THIN); style.setAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); style.setVerticalAlignment(XSSFCellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER); // 生成另一个字体 XSSFFont font = (XSSFFont) workbook.createFont(); font.setBoldweight(XSSFFont.BOLDWEIGHT_NORMAL); // 把字体应用到当前的样式 style.setFont(font); return style; } //测试: public static void main(String[] args) { List<Student> dataSet = new ArrayList<Student>(); dataSet.add(new Student(10000001, "张三", 20, true, new Date())); dataSet.add(new Student(20000002, "李丽", 24, false, new Date())); dataSet.add(new Student(30000003, "王五", 22, true, new Date())); LinkedHashMap<String, String> propertyHeaderMap = new LinkedHashMap<>(); //propertyHeaderMap.put("id", "唯一标识"); //注释掉,不导出id propertyHeaderMap.put("name", "姓名"); propertyHeaderMap.put("age", "年龄"); propertyHeaderMap.put("sexName", "性别"); //直接获取Student中的sexName,而不是sex propertyHeaderMap.put("birthday", "生日"); try { XSSFWorkbook ex = ExcelUtil.generateXlsxWorkbook("测试tab", propertyHeaderMap, dataSet); OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("F://student3.xlsx"); ex.write(out); System.out.println("导出成功!"); } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } }
姓名 | 年龄 | 性别 | 生日 |
张三 | 20 | 男 | 2014-12-24 |
李丽 | 24 | 女 | 2014-12-24 |
王五 | 22 | 男 | 2014-12-24 |