[置顶] Ext.Net 1.x_Ext.Net.DirectMethods

DirectMethod 提供了一种可以从客户端 JavaScript 代码调用服务器端 .NET 方法的功能。

用 [DirectMethod] 属性修饰服务器端的 public 或 public static 方法,会向客户端 JavaScript 代码公开服务器端方法。

注意:服务器端的方法必须是 public 或 public static。

DirectMethod 基础

下面代码演示 DirectMethod 一个简单的例子,更新<ext:Label> 控件。
<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod]
    public void SetTimeStamp()
    {
        this.Label1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
        this.Label1.Element.Highlight();
    }
</script>

<ext:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.SetTimeStamp();" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>
<br />
<ext:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Format="Server Time: {0}" Text='<%# DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>' />


说明

1,在 Button1 客户端事件里,调用服务器端方法 SetTimeStamp 来更新 Label1 控件,并高亮显示。

2,另外,在 Ext.Net,当第一次请求页面时(此时为回发),IsAjaxRequest 为 false,之后为 true,因为之后的请求是 Ajax 请求。

从 DirectMethod 返回一个字符串

DirectMethod 会返回任何类型的对象。这个对象被序列化成 JSON。被系列化的这个对象作为 result 参数发送给在 DirectMethod 中配置的回调函数 success。

<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod]
    public string GetTimeStamp()
    {
        return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
    }
</script>

<ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="
            Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp({
                success: function (result) {
                    Ext.Msg.alert('Server Time', result);
                }
            });" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>


说明

在 Button1 客户端事件中,Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp(…) 是在客户端调用服务器端的方法 GetTimeStamp,success 是 Ext.net.DirectMethods 配置的回调函数,也就是说,当服务器端方法成功返回时,客户端需要根据返回的值执行的操作。在本例中,如果服务器端方法 GetTimeStamp() 成功返回服务器端当前时间,则客户端弹出这个时间警告。

给 DirectMethod 传递多个参数

如果服务器端 [DirectMethod] 方法要求参数,那么也要客户端 DirectMethod 传递两个参数给它。

本例中,如果服务器端要求两个参数:sting 和 int,那么在客户端也要传递两个可靠的参数给服务器端的 [DirectMethod] 方法。

<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod]
    public void LogCompanyInfo(string name, int count)
    {
        string template = string.Concat("{0} has approximately {1} employees.");
        string[] employees = new string[4] { "1-5", "6-25", "26-100", "100+" };
        
        this.Label3.Text = string.Format(template, name, employees[count]);
    }
</script>
 
<ext:Button runat="server" Text="Submit">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.LogCompanyInfo('Ext.NET, Inc.', 0);" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>


调用 DirectMethod 静态方法,并返回一个字符串(Super Fast + Best Performance)

当调用一个 public 服务端方法,默认情况下,在执行整个页面生命期时,这个方法可以访问页面上所有 Web 控件。

而带 static 的 [DirectMethod] 方法,不会执行页面生存期,并且不能访问页面 Web 控件。这减少了处理开销,优化了性能。

<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod]
    public static string GetTimeStamp4()
    {
        return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
    }
</script>

<ext:Button xrunat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="
            Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp4({
                success: function (result) {
                    Ext.Msg.alert('Server Time', result);
                }
            });" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>


说明

Button1 客户端事件调用服务器端静态方法 GetTimeStamp(),获得服务器端当前时间。

注意:服务器端静态方法 GetTimeStamp() 中不能访问页面中的 Web 控件。

从静态 DirectMethod 返回一个自定义对象

DirectMethod 可以返回任何类型的对象。下面例子创建并返回一个 Customer 对象。

Customer 对象被序列化成 JSON,返回给客户端。在 DirectMethod 配置中,result 参数就是从服务器端返回的 Customer 对象。

<script runat="server">
    // Define Customer Class
    public class Customer
    {
        public int ID { get; set; }
        public string FirstName { get; set; }
        public string LastName { get; set; }
        public string Company { get; set; }
        public Country Country { get; set; }
        public bool Premium { get; set; }
    }

    // Define Country Class
    public class Country
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

    [DirectMethod]
    public static Customer GetCustomer()
    {
        // Get your Customer data from somewhere...

        return new Customer() { 
            ID = 99,
            FirstName = "Peter",
            LastName = "Smith",
            Company = "CompanyX, LLC.",
            Premium = true,
            Country = new Country { Name = "Canada" }
        };
    }
</script>

<ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="
            Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetCustomer({
                success : function (customer) {
                    var template = 'ID : {0}{6} Name : {1} {2}{6} Company : {3}{6} Country : {4}{6} Premium Member : {5}',
                        msg = String.format(template, 
                                customer.ID, 
                                customer.FirstName, 
                                customer.LastName, 
                                customer.Company, 
                                customer.Country.Name, 
                                customer.Premium, 
                                '<br /><br />');
                    
                    Ext.Msg.alert('Customer', msg);
                }
            });" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>


说明

1, 定义两个类 Customer 和 Country,Country 聚合在 Customer;

2, 服务器端静态方法 GetCustomer() 创建 Customer 对象返回给客户端。

注意:客户端如何访问对象 Customer。

禁用 DirectMethod ClientProxy 的创建

当服务器端方法添加 [DirectMethod] 属性,默认情况下,将会在客户端的 Ext.net.DirectMethods 创建一个相同名字、接受相同参数的 JavaScript 函数。

例如,如果创建一个名为 GetTimeStamp 服务器端方法,那么在客户端,也会创建一个相应的 Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp 的 JavaScript 函数。

有种情况,当开发者创建了一个 [DirectMethod],但是想隐藏相应的客户端 JavaScript 函数。此时,你可以在某个 [DirectMethod] 属性里设置它的 ClientProxy.Ignore 属性,从而忽略创建相应的客户端 JavaScript 函数。

如果 [DirectMethod] 设置为 ClientProxy.Ignore,将不会创建相应的客户端代理函数(client-side proxy function),但是 [DirectMethod] 仍然可以被调用。[DirectMethod] 代理函数是围绕底层 Ext.net.DirectMethod.request() 函数的封装。

通过配置 Ext.net.DirectMethod.request() 函数,即便没有客户端代理函数,任何服务器端 [DirectMethod] 都可以被直接调用。

request ( string methodName , [Object options] ) : void
Calls the server-side [DirectMethod] as specified in the methodName parameter.
Parameters:
methodName : String
The server-side Method name to call.
options : Object
(optional) An object containing configuration properties. This options object may contain any of the following properties, or options as defined in Ext.Ajax.request.
success : Function
The JavaScript function to invoke on successful response from the DirectMethod.
The "result" parameter is passed to the success function.
failure : Function
The JavaScript function to invoke if a failure response is returned from the DirectMethod.
The "errorMessage" parameter is passed to the success function.
specifier : String
The server-side Method access specifier, options inlcude ("public", "static").
The specifier of "public" is the default value and does not need to be explicitly set.
If the server-side Method is a static Method, the specifier options must be set to "static".
method : String
The type of http request to make, options include ("POST", "GET").
The method of "POST" is the default value.
url : String
A custom url to call the DirectMethod from. The DirectMethod does not need to be configured on the "Parent Page".
If no url is provided, the request options will use the <form>'s action attribute. If the action attribute is empty, the request options will use the window.location.href value. If the window.location.href value ends with a forward-slash ("/"), the IIS web server may not be able to process the "POST" request. Under this scenario, you must set the "method" options property to "GET".
control : String
The ID of the UserControl which contains the DirectMethod. An DirectMethod can be configured within a .ascx file and called from a Parent .aspx Page.
timeout : Number
The timeout in milliseconds to be used for requests. (defaults to 30000)
eventMask : Object
(optional) An EventMask options object. This options object may contain any of the following properties:
showMask : Boolean
true to show mask (defaults to false).
msg : String
The text to display in a centered loading message box (defaults to 'Working...').
msgCls : String
The CSS class to apply to the loading message element (defaults to "x-mask-loading")
target : String
The target element to apply the mask to, options include ("page", "customtarget").
If "customtarget", the customTarget configuration option should be set.
customTarget : String
The id of the target element, or a instance of the target element.
minDelay : Number
The minimum amount of time to display the mask (defaults to 0).
Setting the minDelay provides and minimum amount of time to display a message to the user before removing mask and executing success, failure and/or callback functions.
Returns:
void

<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod(ClientProxy = ClientProxy.Ignore)]
    public string GetTimeStamp6()
    {
        return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString();
    }
</script>

<ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethod.request(
            'GetTimeStamp3', 
            {
                success: function (result) { 
                    Ext.Msg.alert('Message', result); 
                } 
            });" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>


向代理函数传递 DirectMethod 配置

DirectMethod 配置对象可以被作为最后一个参数传递给任何 DirectMethod 代理函数。

<script runat="server">
    [DirectMethod]
    public string LogMessage(string msg)
    {
        // Log the message somewhere...
        return msg;
    }
</script>

<ext:Button ID="Button4" runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning">
    <Listeners>
        <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.LogMessage('Hello World', {
                    success: function (result) { 
                        Ext.Msg.alert('Message', result); 
                    },
                    eventMask: {
                        showMask: true,
                        minDelay: 500
                    }
                });" />
    </Listeners>
</ext:Button>



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