DirectMethod 提供了一种可以从客户端 JavaScript 代码调用服务器端 .NET 方法的功能。
用 [DirectMethod] 属性修饰服务器端的 public 或 public static 方法,会向客户端 JavaScript 代码公开服务器端方法。
注意:服务器端的方法必须是 public 或 public static。
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod] public void SetTimeStamp() { this.Label1.Text = DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(); this.Label1.Element.Highlight(); } </script> <ext:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.SetTimeStamp();" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button> <br /> <ext:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Format="Server Time: {0}" Text='<%# DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %>' />
1,在 Button1 客户端事件里,调用服务器端方法 SetTimeStamp 来更新 Label1 控件,并高亮显示。
2,另外,在 Ext.Net,当第一次请求页面时(此时为回发),IsAjaxRequest 为 false,之后为 true,因为之后的请求是 Ajax 请求。
DirectMethod 会返回任何类型的对象。这个对象被序列化成 JSON。被系列化的这个对象作为 result 参数发送给在 DirectMethod 中配置的回调函数 success。
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod] public string GetTimeStamp() { return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(); } </script> <ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler=" Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp({ success: function (result) { Ext.Msg.alert('Server Time', result); } });" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>
在 Button1 客户端事件中,Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp(…) 是在客户端调用服务器端的方法 GetTimeStamp,success 是 Ext.net.DirectMethods 配置的回调函数,也就是说,当服务器端方法成功返回时,客户端需要根据返回的值执行的操作。在本例中,如果服务器端方法 GetTimeStamp() 成功返回服务器端当前时间,则客户端弹出这个时间警告。
如果服务器端 [DirectMethod] 方法要求参数,那么也要客户端 DirectMethod 传递两个参数给它。
本例中,如果服务器端要求两个参数:sting 和 int,那么在客户端也要传递两个可靠的参数给服务器端的 [DirectMethod] 方法。
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod] public void LogCompanyInfo(string name, int count) { string template = string.Concat("{0} has approximately {1} employees."); string[] employees = new string[4] { "1-5", "6-25", "26-100", "100+" }; this.Label3.Text = string.Format(template, name, employees[count]); } </script> <ext:Button runat="server" Text="Submit"> <Listeners> <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.LogCompanyInfo('Ext.NET, Inc.', 0);" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>
当调用一个 public 服务端方法,默认情况下,在执行整个页面生命期时,这个方法可以访问页面上所有 Web 控件。
而带 static 的 [DirectMethod] 方法,不会执行页面生存期,并且不能访问页面 Web 控件。这减少了处理开销,优化了性能。
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod] public static string GetTimeStamp4() { return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(); } </script> <ext:Button xrunat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler=" Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp4({ success: function (result) { Ext.Msg.alert('Server Time', result); } });" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>
Button1 客户端事件调用服务器端静态方法 GetTimeStamp(),获得服务器端当前时间。
注意:服务器端静态方法 GetTimeStamp() 中不能访问页面中的 Web 控件。
DirectMethod 可以返回任何类型的对象。下面例子创建并返回一个 Customer 对象。
Customer 对象被序列化成 JSON,返回给客户端。在 DirectMethod 配置中,result 参数就是从服务器端返回的 Customer 对象。
<script runat="server"> // Define Customer Class public class Customer { public int ID { get; set; } public string FirstName { get; set; } public string LastName { get; set; } public string Company { get; set; } public Country Country { get; set; } public bool Premium { get; set; } } // Define Country Class public class Country { public string Name { get; set; } } [DirectMethod] public static Customer GetCustomer() { // Get your Customer data from somewhere... return new Customer() { ID = 99, FirstName = "Peter", LastName = "Smith", Company = "CompanyX, LLC.", Premium = true, Country = new Country { Name = "Canada" } }; } </script> <ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler=" Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetCustomer({ success : function (customer) { var template = 'ID : {0}{6} Name : {1} {2}{6} Company : {3}{6} Country : {4}{6} Premium Member : {5}', msg = String.format(template, customer.ID, customer.FirstName, customer.LastName, customer.Company, customer.Country.Name, customer.Premium, '<br /><br />'); Ext.Msg.alert('Customer', msg); } });" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>
1, 定义两个类 Customer 和 Country,Country 聚合在 Customer;
2, 服务器端静态方法 GetCustomer() 创建 Customer 对象返回给客户端。
注意:客户端如何访问对象 Customer。
当服务器端方法添加 [DirectMethod] 属性,默认情况下,将会在客户端的 Ext.net.DirectMethods 创建一个相同名字、接受相同参数的 JavaScript 函数。
例如,如果创建一个名为 GetTimeStamp 服务器端方法,那么在客户端,也会创建一个相应的 Ext.net.DirectMethods.GetTimeStamp 的 JavaScript 函数。
有种情况,当开发者创建了一个 [DirectMethod],但是想隐藏相应的客户端 JavaScript 函数。此时,你可以在某个 [DirectMethod] 属性里设置它的 ClientProxy.Ignore 属性,从而忽略创建相应的客户端 JavaScript 函数。
如果 [DirectMethod] 设置为 ClientProxy.Ignore,将不会创建相应的客户端代理函数(client-side proxy function),但是 [DirectMethod] 仍然可以被调用。[DirectMethod] 代理函数是围绕底层 Ext.net.DirectMethod.request() 函数的封装。
通过配置 Ext.net.DirectMethod.request() 函数,即便没有客户端代理函数,任何服务器端 [DirectMethod] 都可以被直接调用。
request ( string methodName , [Object options] ) : void
Calls the server-side [DirectMethod] as specified in the methodName parameter.
Parameters:
methodName : String
The server-side Method name to call.
options : Object
(optional) An object containing configuration properties. This options object may contain any of the following properties, or options as defined in Ext.Ajax.request.
success : Function
The JavaScript function to invoke on successful response from the DirectMethod.
The "result" parameter is passed to the success function.
failure : Function
The JavaScript function to invoke if a failure response is returned from the DirectMethod.
The "errorMessage" parameter is passed to the success function.
specifier : String
The server-side Method access specifier, options inlcude ("public", "static").
The specifier of "public" is the default value and does not need to be explicitly set.
If the server-side Method is a static Method, the specifier options must be set to "static".
method : String
The type of http request to make, options include ("POST", "GET").
The method of "POST" is the default value.
url : String
A custom url to call the DirectMethod from. The DirectMethod does not need to be configured on the "Parent Page".
If no url is provided, the request options will use the <form>'s action attribute. If the action attribute is empty, the request options will use the window.location.href value. If the window.location.href value ends with a forward-slash ("/"), the IIS web server may not be able to process the "POST" request. Under this scenario, you must set the "method" options property to "GET".
control : String
The ID of the UserControl which contains the DirectMethod. An DirectMethod can be configured within a .ascx file and called from a Parent .aspx Page.
timeout : Number
The timeout in milliseconds to be used for requests. (defaults to 30000)
eventMask : Object
(optional) An EventMask options object. This options object may contain any of the following properties:
showMask : Boolean
true to show mask (defaults to false).
msg : String
The text to display in a centered loading message box (defaults to 'Working...').
msgCls : String
The CSS class to apply to the loading message element (defaults to "x-mask-loading")
target : String
The target element to apply the mask to, options include ("page", "customtarget").
If "customtarget", the customTarget configuration option should be set.
customTarget : String
The id of the target element, or a instance of the target element.
minDelay : Number
The minimum amount of time to display the mask (defaults to 0).
Setting the minDelay provides and minimum amount of time to display a message to the user before removing mask and executing success, failure and/or callback functions.
Returns:
void
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod(ClientProxy = ClientProxy.Ignore)] public string GetTimeStamp6() { return DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString(); } </script> <ext:Button runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethod.request( 'GetTimeStamp3', { success: function (result) { Ext.Msg.alert('Message', result); } });" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>
DirectMethod 配置对象可以被作为最后一个参数传递给任何 DirectMethod 代理函数。
<script runat="server"> [DirectMethod] public string LogMessage(string msg) { // Log the message somewhere... return msg; } </script> <ext:Button ID="Button4" runat="server" Text="Click Me" Icon="Lightning"> <Listeners> <Click Handler="Ext.net.DirectMethods.LogMessage('Hello World', { success: function (result) { Ext.Msg.alert('Message', result); }, eventMask: { showMask: true, minDelay: 500 } });" /> </Listeners> </ext:Button>