转自http://blog.csdn.net/mybelief321/article/details/9066249
我们使用vi或者vim的时候,如果想要显示行号,可能会这样做:切换到命令模式,然后输入set nu,再按回车键就显示了;还有就是咱们在编写程序的时候,有的时候会希望按下回车键后,光标不是每次都在行首,而是与上一行的第一个非空格符处对齐,也就是实现所谓的缩排功能,这是你可以在命令模式下输入set autoindent。但是每次这样输入太麻烦了,可不可以在每次利用vim命令编辑时自动就设置好功能呢?
简单说一下我的配置步骤。下表为vim的环境参数(鸟哥那本书上的)
![[置顶] vim环境变量配置、背景色配置_第2张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/info5/3ad3e3bc8212469d8112bd6ea35e341c.jpg)
上面都是鸟哥的私房菜里边的,下面简单截图记录一下我的设置,以后想添加功能自己再添加就行了
1、使用命令: cd /etc/vim 进入配置目录
2、使用命令: vim vimrc编辑vimrc文件,我的ubuntu需要使用命令:sudo vim vimrc
3、在vimrc文件的最后一行,添加你想要设置的选项,下图是我想使vim默认的一些功能
![[置顶] vim环境变量配置、背景色配置_第3张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/info5/1d7f5644ca5f41538a252588bcd0e5f3.jpg)
4、然后使用 wq保存就可以了,这样设置就成功了。
看了一下很符合口味,就借用了。基本没变动,稍微修改了几句,
注:以下带有网址的都是需要去下载这些插件,点击网址进去就有了
另注:貌似Tlist那个网址被我不小心删掉了
再注:使用archlinux的,可以使用yaourt再AUR中找,很多都是以vim-XXX开头的,命令格式如下:
然后再下载,命令如下:
vim的自动补齐一直弄不好,有空找个人帮忙教一下,另外有一些插件功能还没想出来怎么用。现在把弄好的贴上。
另外快捷键一多,没熟悉前总是很难受的,所以弄了一个help.txt文档,放在~/.vim/目录下,每次输入<leader>he就可以打开帮助文档。
新增:抽空弄了一下自动补齐,感觉不错,安装插件neocomplcache
在archlinux中,AUR里面也有,名称为 vim-neocomplcache,所以输入命令:
- # yaourt -S vim-neocomplcache
然后在~/.vimrc中补上一行:
- let g:neocomplcache_enable_at_startup = 1
改变:删掉了关于cscope快捷键,使用官网推荐的快捷方式(其实也没怎么用到)
重新修改了几个快捷键,感觉有些用起来还是不舒服
关于快速编译:永不来autotool系列的工具,找了本书结果有300多页,也没那么多精力去看,然后就偷懒装了一个Qt,用Qt自带的qmake工具生成Makefile工具
用法如下:
该命令会查找当前目录下的文件生成.pro文件,之后可以修改.pro文件来配置自己想要的功能
该命令会根据当前目录下的.pro文件生成对应的Makefile文件
注:在vim中输入:make可以让vim编译器自动根据当前目录下的Makefile文件进行编译
配置文件~/.vimrc
- let mapleader = "m" " 比较习惯用;作为命令前缀,右手小拇指直接能按到
- " 把空格键映射成:
- nmap <space> /
-
- " 快捷打开编辑vimrc文件的键盘绑定
- map <silent> <leader>ee :e $HOME/.vimrc<cr>
- autocmd! bufwritepost *.vimrc source $HOME/.vimrc
-
- " ^z快速进入shell
- nmap <C-Z> :shell<cr>
- ""inoremap <leader>n <esc>
-
- " 判断操作系统
- if (has("win32") || has("win64") || has("win32unix"))
- let g:isWin = 1
- else
- let g:isWin = 0
- endif
-
- " 判断是终端还是gvim
- if has("gui_running")
- let g:isGUI = 1
- else
- let g:isGUI = 0
- endif
- "set cursorline "高亮当前行
- set nocompatible " 关闭兼容模式
- syntax enable " 语法高亮
- syntax on
- filetype plugin on " 文件类型插件
- filetype indent on
- "set shortmess=atI " 去掉欢迎界面
- set autoindent
- autocmd BufEnter * :syntax sync fromstart
- set nu " 显示行号
- set showcmd " 显示命令
- set lz " 当运行宏时,在命令执行完成之前,不重绘屏幕
- set hid " 可以在没有保存的情况下切换buffer
- set backspace=eol,start,indent
- set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l " 退格键和方向键可以换行
- "set incsearch " 增量式搜索
- set nohlsearch
- set hlsearch " 高亮搜索
- set ignorecase " 搜索时忽略大小写
- set magic " 额,自己:h magic吧,一行很难解释
- set showmatch " 显示匹配的括号
- set nobackup " 关闭备份
- set nowb
- set noswapfile " 不使用swp文件,注意,错误退出后无法恢复
- set lbr " 在breakat字符处而不是最后一个字符处断行
- set ai " 自动缩进
- set si " 智能缩进
- set cindent " C/C++风格缩进
- set wildmenu
- set nofen
- set fdl=10
- set cmdheight=4 "设ckspace和光标键跨越行边界
- set whichwrap+=<,>,h,l
-
- " 可以在buffer的任何地方使用鼠标(类似office中在工作区双击鼠标定位)
- set mouse=a
- set selection=exclusive
- set selectmode=mouse,key "置控制窗口大小
-
-
- " tab转化为4个字符
- set expandtab
- set smarttab
- set shiftwidth=4
- set tabstop=4
-
- " 不使用beep或flash
- set vb t_vb=
-
- set background=dark
- set t_Co=256
- colorscheme torte
-
- set history=400 " vim记住的历史操作的数量,默认的是20
- set autoread " 当文件在外部被修改时,自动重新读取
- set mouse=a " 在所有模式下都允许使用鼠标,还可以是n,v,i,c等
-
- "在gvim中高亮当前行
- if (g:isGUI)
- set cursorline
- colorscheme wombat
- hi cursorline guibg=#333333
- hi CursorColumn guibg=#333333
- "set guifont=Consolas\ 10
- "set guifontwide=Consolas\ 10
- set guifont=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 10
- set gfw=DejaVu\ Sans\ Mono\ 10
- " 不显示toolbar
- set guioptions-=T
- " 不显示菜单栏
- "set guioptions-=m
- endif
-
- " 设置字符集编码,默认使用utf8
- if (g:isWin)
- let &termencoding=&encoding " 通常win下的encoding为cp936
- set fileencodings=utf8,cp936,ucs-bom,latin1
- else
- set encoding=utf8
- set fileencodings=utf8,gb2312,gb18030,ucs-bom,latin1
- endif
-
- " 状态栏
- set laststatus=2 " 总是显示状态栏
- highlight StatusLine cterm=bold ctermfg=yellow ctermbg=blue
- " 获取当前路径,将$HOME转化为~
- function! CurDir()
- let curdir = substitute(getcwd(), $HOME, "~", "g")
- return curdir
- endfunction
- set statusline=[%n]\ %f%m%r%h\ \|\ \ pwd:\ %{CurDir()\}\/%f\ \ \|%=\|\ %l,%c\ %p%%\ \|\ ascii=%b,hex=%b%{((&fenc==\"\")?\"\":\"\ \|\ \".&fenc)}\ \|\ %{$USER}\ @\ %{hostname()}\
-
-
- " 根据给定方向搜索当前光标下的单词,结合下面两个绑定使用
- function! VisualSearch(direction) range
- let l:saved_reg = @"
- execute "normal! vgvy"
- let l:pattern = escape(@", '\\/.*$^~[]')
- let l:pattern = substitute(l:pattern, "\n$", "", "")
- if a:direction == 'b'
- execute "normal ?" . l:pattern . "<cr>"
- else
- execute "normal /" . l:pattern . "<cr>"
- endif
- let @/ = l:pattern
- let @" = l:saved_reg
- endfunction
- " 用 */# 向 前/后 搜索光标下的单词
- vnoremap <silent> * :call VisualSearch('f')<CR>
- vnoremap <silent> # :call VisualSearch('b')<CR>
-
-
-
- " 恢复上次文件打开位置
- ""set viminfo='10,\"100,:20,%,n~/.viminfo
- ""au BufReadPost * if line("'\"") > 0|if line("'\"") <= line("$")|exe("norm '\"")|else|exe "norm $"|endif|endif
-
- " 删除buffer时不关闭窗口
- command! Bclose call <SID>BufcloseCloseIt()
- function! <SID>BufcloseCloseIt()
- let l:currentBufNum = bufnr("%")
- let l:alternateBufNum = bufnr("#")
-
- if buflisted(l:alternateBufNum)
- buffer #
- else
- bnext
- endif
-
- if bufnr("%") == l:currentBufNum
- new
- endif
-
- if buflisted(l:currentBufNum)
- execute("bdelete! ".l:currentBufNum)
- endif
- endfunction
-
-
- " 快捷输入
- " 自动完成括号和引号
- inoremap ( ()<esc>:let leavechar=")"<cr>i
- inoremap [ []<esc>:let leavechar="]"<cr>i
- inoremap } {}<esc>:let leavechar="}"<cr>i
- inoremap { {<esc>o}<esc>:let leavechar="}"<cr>O
- inoremap ' ''<esc>:let leavechar="'"<cr>i
- inoremap " ""<esc>:let leavechar='"'<cr>i
-
- " 插件窗口的宽度,如TagList,NERD_tree等,自己设置
- let s:PlugWinSize = 25
-
- " taglist.vim down lo
- "设置依次按下 w m两个键打开列表
- nmap wm :WMToggle<cr>
- let Tlist_Show_One_File=1
- let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow=1
- let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer|TagList'
- let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 0
- let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close = 1
- let Tlist_GainFocus_On_ToggleOpen = 0
- let Tlist_WinWidth = s:PlugWinSize
- let Tlist_Auto_Open = 0
- let Tlist_Display_Prototype = 0
- "let Tlist_Close_On_Select = 1
-
-
- " OmniCppComplete.vim
- " http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1520
- set completeopt=menu
- let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 1
- let OmniCpp_DefaultNamespaces = ["std"] " 逗号分割的字符串
- let OmniCpp_MayCompleteScope = 1
- let OmniCpp_ShowPrototypeInAbbr = 0
- let OmniCpp_SelectFirstItem = 2
-
- " c-j自动补全,当补全菜单打开时,c-j,k上下选择
- "imap <expr> <c-u> pumvisible()?"\<C-N>":"\<C-X><C-O>"
- "imap <expr> <c-i> pumvisible()?"\<C-P>":"\<esc>"
- " f:文件名补全,l:行补全,d:字典补全,]:tag补全
- "imap <C-]> <C-X><C-]>
- imap <C-F> <C-X><C-F>
- imap <C-D> <C-X><C-D>
- imap <C-L> <C-X><C-L>
-
-
- " NERD_commenter.vim
- " http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1218
- " Toggle单行注释/“性感”注释/注释到行尾/取消注释
- map <leader>cc ,c<space>
- map <leader>cs ,cs
- map <leader>c$ ,c$
- map <leader>cu ,cu
-
-
- "-----------------------------------------------------------------
- "" plugin - DoxygenToolkit.vim 由注释生成文档,并且能够快速生成函数标准注释
- "-----------------------------------------------------------------
- let g:DoxygenToolkit_authorName="Asins - asinsimple AT gmail DOT com"
- let g:DoxygenToolkit_briefTag_funcName="yes"
- map <leader>da :DoxAuthor<CR>
- map <leader>df :Dox<CR>
- map <leader>db :DoxBlock<CR>
- map <leader>dc <End>a /* */<LEFT><LEFT><LEFT>
-
-
- " NERD tree
- " http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=1658
- let NERDTreeShowHidden = 1
- let NERDTreeWinPos = "left"
- let NERDTreeWinSize = s:PlugWinSize
- nmap wn :NERDTreeToggle<cr>
-
- " DoxygenToolkit.vim
- " http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=987
- " 暂时没有使用
-
- " 更新ctags和cscope索引
- " href: http://www.vimer.cn/2009/10/把vim打造成一个真正的ide2.html
- " 稍作修改,提取出DeleteFile函数,修改ctags和cscope执行命令
- map <F6> :call Do_CsTag()<cr>
- function! Do_CsTag()
- let dir = getcwd()
-
- "先删除已有的tags和cscope文件,如果存在且无法删除,则报错。
- if ( DeleteFile(dir, "tags") )
- return
- endif
- if ( DeleteFile(dir, "cscope.files") )
- return
- endif
- if ( DeleteFile(dir, "cscope.out") )
- return
- endif
-
- if(executable('ctags'))
- silent! execute "!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q ."
- endif
- if(executable('cscope') && has("cscope") )
- if(g:isWin)
- silent! execute "!dir /s/b *.c,*.cpp,*.h,*.java,*.cs >> cscope.files"
- else
- silent! execute "!find . -iname '*.[ch]' -o -name '*.cpp' > cscope.files"
- endif
- silent! execute "!cscope -b"
- execute "normal :"
- if filereadable("cscope.out")
- execute "cs add cscope.out"
- endif
- endif
- " 刷新屏幕
- execute "redr!"
- endfunction
-
- function! DeleteFile(dir, filename)
- if filereadable(a:filename)
- if (g:isWin)
- let ret = delete(a:dir."\\".a:filename)
- else
- let ret = delete("./".a:filename)
- endif
- if (ret != 0)
- echohl WarningMsg | echo "Failed to delete ".a:filename | echohl None
- return 1
- else
- return 0
- endif
- endif
- return 0
- endfunction
- " cscope 绑定
- if has("cscope")
- set csto=1
- set cst
- set nocsverb
- set cscopequickfix=s-,c-,d-,i-,t-,e-
- if filereadable("cscope.out")
- cs add cscope.out
- endif
- endif
-
- "quickfix 配置"
- map <F3> :cw<cr>
- map <F2> :cn<cr>
-
- " Vimwiki配置
- let g:vimwiki_list = [{'path': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site/',
- \ 'path-html': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site_html/',
- \ 'html-header': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/templates/header.tpl',
- \ 'html-footer': '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/templates/footer.tpl'}]
- let g:vimwiki_camel_case=0
-
- let wiki = {}
- let wiki.path = '~/Dropbox/MyWiki/my_site/'
- let wiki.nested_syntaxes = {'python': 'python', 'c++': 'cpp'}
- let g:vimwiki_list = [wiki]
-
- "pythoncomplete配置
- autocmd filetype python set omnifunc=pythoncomplete#Complete
-
- "定义在插入模式下
- "使用ctrl+j为向下一行
- inoremap <C-h> <Left>
- inoremap <C-j> <Down>
- inoremap <C-k> <Up>
- inoremap <C-l> <Right>
-
- "可以快速保存和退出
- nmap <leader>q :q<CR>
- nmap <leader>w :w<CR>
- nmap <leader>qq :q!<CR>
- nmap <leader>wq :wq<CR>
-
-
- " quickly go to help menu of this function
- nmap <leader>an :Man 3 <cword><CR>
-
- " super enter , it can gucikly go to the next line
- imap e<CR> <End><CR>
-
- imap <leader>dd <Esc>ddi
- imap e; <End>;
-
- map <silent> <leader>he :tabnew ~/.vim/help.txt<CR>
-
-
- "
- "设置F5编译,F6运行
-
- func! CompileGcc()
- exec "w"
- let compilecmd="!gcc "
- let compileflag="-o %< "
- if search("mpi.h") != 0
- let compilecmd = "!mpicc "
- endif
- if search("glut.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lglut -lGLU -lGL "
- endif
- if search("cv.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lcv -lhighgui -lcvaux "
- endif
- if search("omp.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -fopenmp "
- endif
- if search("math.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lm "
- endif
- exec compilecmd." % ".compileflag
- endfunc
- func! CompileGpp()
- exec "w"
- let compilecmd="!g++ "
- let compileflag="-o %< "
- if search("mpi.h") != 0
- let compilecmd = "!mpic++ "
- endif
- if search("glut.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lglut -lGLU -lGL "
- endif
- if search("cv.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lcv -lhighgui -lcvaux "
- endif
- if search("omp.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -fopenmp "
- endif
- if search("math.h") != 0
- let compileflag .= " -lm "
- endif
- exec compilecmd." % ".compileflag
- endfunc
-
- func! RunPython()
- exec "!python %"
- endfunc
- func! CompileJava()
- exec "!javac %"
- endfunc
-
-
- func! CompileCode()
- exec "w"
- if &filetype == "cpp"
- exec "call CompileGpp()"
- elseif &filetype == "c"
- exec "call CompileGcc()"
- elseif &filetype == "python"
- exec "call RunPython()"
- elseif &filetype == "java"
- exec "call CompileJava()"
- endif
- endfunc
-
- func! RunResult()
- exec "w"
- if search("mpi.h") != 0
- exec "!mpirun -np 4 ./%<"
- elseif &filetype == "cpp"
- exec "! ./%<"
- elseif &filetype == "c"
- exec "! ./%<"
- elseif &filetype == "python"
- exec "call RunPython"
- elseif &filetype == "java"
- exec "!java %<"
- endif
- endfunc
-
- map <F5> :call CompileCode()<CR>
- imap <F5> <ESC>:call CompileCode()<CR>
- map <F6> :call RunResult()<CR>
-
- " 自动补齐功能,需要先安装neocomplcache
- let g:neocomplcache_enable_at_startup = 1
-
- imap <F4> <ESC>:A<CR>i
- nmap <F4> :A<CR>