Animation 之 Interpolator 插补器理解

一、描述:

我们在设计动画时,通常都会用到一些Interpolator,而它的作用就是控制动画的速度,即可以理解为:

Interpolator是一个速度控制器,控制速度变化。

Interpolator借口只有一个抽象方法getInterpolation(float input),而系统也自带了几个Interpolater供我们使用:

1. AccelerateInterpolator:  动画从开始到结束,变化率是一个加速的过程。
2. DecelerateInterpolator: 动画从开始到结束,变化率是一个减速的过程。
3. CycleInterpolator:           动画从开始到结束,变化率是循环给定次数的正弦曲线。
4. AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator: 动画从开始到结束,变化率是先加速后减速的过程。
5. LinearInterpolator: 动画从开始到结束,变化率是线性变化。

除了以上几种,我们也可以继承Interpolater来定义自己的插补器:

import android.view.animation.Interpolator;

public class MyInterpolator implements Interpolator {
	private float mFactor;
	private int iFactor;

	public MyInterpolator(int factor) {
		this.iFactor = factor;
	}

	@Override
	public float getInterpolation(float input) {
		switch (iFactor) {
		case 1:
			mFactor = input;  // 性线匀速
			break;
		case 2:
			mFactor = input * input * input;  // 加速
			break;
		}
		return mFactor;
	}
}

二、Interpolater — 策略模式:

2.1 接口类:TimeInterpolator

package android.animation;

/**
 * A time interpolator defines the rate of change of an animation. This allows animations
 * to have non-linear motion, such as acceleration and deceleration.
 */
public interface TimeInterpolator {

    /**
     * Maps a value representing the elapsed fraction of an animation to a value that represents
     * the interpolated fraction. This interpolated value is then multiplied by the change in
     * value of an animation to derive the animated value at the current elapsed animation time.
     *
     * @param input A value between 0 and 1.0 indicating our current point
     *        in the animation where 0 represents the start and 1.0 represents
     *        the end
     * @return The interpolation value. This value can be more than 1.0 for
     *         interpolators which overshoot their targets, or less than 0 for
     *         interpolators that undershoot their targets.
     */
    float getInterpolation(float input);
}

讲的很清楚:TimeInterpolator定义了一个可以改变动画速率的时间插补器,它允许你的动画可以是非线性行为:如加速和减速。

2.2 Interpolator:

package android.view.animation;

import android.animation.TimeInterpolator;

/**
 * An interpolator defines the rate of change of an animation. This allows
 * the basic animation effects (alpha, scale, translate, rotate) to be 
 * accelerated, decelerated, repeated, etc.
 */
public interface Interpolator extends TimeInterpolator {
    // A new interface, TimeInterpolator, was introduced for the new android.animation
    // package. This older Interpolator interface extends TimeInterpolator so that users of
    // the new Animator-based animations can use either the old Interpolator implementations or
    // new classes that implement TimeInterpolator directly.
}

我擦!想必大家都无语,只是告诉我们Interpolater扩展了TimeInterpolator,其它什么都没。

2.3 插补器

开头已经介绍了几种系统自带的,也举了个自定义的类,这些都没有任何关系,只不过提供给开发者,我有几种策略给你用,而你只需要在Animation中,set一下就行,其它的就交给Animation帮你去完成你想要的动画效果。

 

三、总结:

getInterpolation(float input)中的input是从哪里来的?

它是由Animation类在getTransformation中会调用getInterpolater,input = (当前时间-开始时间)/总时长;

即在TimeInterpolator中定义input = [0.0f, 1.0f]区间。

关于Animation,我会抽空讲解它。

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