SQL Server编程系列(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作
在上一篇周公简单讲述了SMO的一些基本概念，实际上SMO体系结构远不止周公在上一篇中讲述的那么简单，下图是MSDN上给出的一个完整的结构图：
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在本篇中周公还是在上一篇的基础上再做稍微深入一点的介绍，在本篇中主要讲述如何获取数据库常见对象信息，并且如何利用SMO来进行一些日常操作：如创建Login，创建数据库、备份数据库和还原数据库。执行上面这些操作的SQL语句也许我们已经写过，下面我们来看看利用SMO来操作的代码将如何写。为了便于理解，在代码中的注释比较详尽，所以本篇中代码之外的讲解就不多了。 另外，需要注意的是SMO的dll的版本随着升级变化比较大，这一点不同.NET Framework，没有考虑向下兼容。
代码如下：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RegisteredServers;//在microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll中
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.smo.dll的引用
using Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Common;//需添加microsoft.sqlserver.connectioninfo.dll的引用
namespace SSISStudy
{
/// <summary>
/// SQL Server编程些列文章(2):SMO常用对象的有关操作
/// 作者：周公
/// 创建日期：2012-05-23
/// 博客地址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn http://zhoufoxcn.blog.51cto.com
/// 新浪微博地址：http://weibo.com/zhoufoxcn
class SMODemo02
{
/// <summary>
/// 显示数据库常见对象信息示例，本方法中的代码只针对9.0版本的SMO dll(SQL2005附带程序集）
/// </summary>
public static void ShowSMOObjects()
{
Console.WriteLine("Server Group Information");
foreach (ServerGroup serverGroup in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.ServerGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine("Group Name:{0},Path:{1},ServerType:{2},State:{3},Urn:{4}", serverGroup.Name, serverGroup.Path, serverGroup.ServerType, serverGroup.State, serverGroup.Urn);
}
Console.WriteLine("Registered Server Information");
foreach (RegisteredServer regServer in SmoApplication.SqlServerRegistrations.RegisteredServers)
{
Console.WriteLine("Server Name:{0},Login:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", regServer.Name, regServer.Login, regServer.State, regServer.Urn);
}
//创建ServerConnection的实例
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
//指定连接字符串
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
//实例化Server
Server server = new Server(connection);
Console.WriteLine("ActiveDirectory:{0},InstanceName:{1}", server.ActiveDirectory, server.InstanceName);
//下面列出每个数据库的具体信息
foreach (Database db in server.Databases)
{
Console.WriteLine("Database Name:{0},ActiveDirectory:{1},ActiveConnections:{2},DataSpaceUsage:{3},PrimaryFilePath:{4}", db.Name, db.ActiveDirectory, db.ActiveConnections, db.DataSpaceUsage, db.PrimaryFilePath);
//列出数据库的数据文件文件组信息
foreach (FileGroup fileGroup in db.FileGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine("\tFileGroup Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3}", fileGroup.Name, fileGroup.Size, fileGroup.State, fileGroup.Urn);
//列出每个文件组中的数据文件信息
foreach (DataFile dataFile in fileGroup.Files)
{
Console.WriteLine("\t\tDataFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", dataFile.Name, dataFile.Size, dataFile.State, dataFile.Urn, dataFile.FileName);
}
}
//列出数据库日志文件信息
foreach (LogFile logFile in db.LogFiles)
{
Console.WriteLine("\tLogFile Name:{0},Size:{1},State:{2},Urn:{3},FileName:{4}", logFile.Name, logFile.Size, logFile.State,logFile.Urn,logFile.FileName);
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 利用SMO创建SQL登录
/// </summary>
public static void CreateLogin()
{
string loginName = "zhoufoxcn";//要创建的数据库登录名
string loginPassword = "C#.NET";//登录密码
//创建ServerConnection的实例
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
//指定连接字符串
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
//实例化Server
Server server = new Server(connection);
#region [创建数据库登录对象]
//检查在数据库是否已经存在该登录名
var queryLogin = from Login temp in server.Logins
where string.Equals(temp.Name, loginName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
select temp;
Login login = queryLogin.FirstOrDefault<Login>();
//如果存在就删除
if (login != null)
{
login.Drop();
}
login = new Login(server, loginName);
login.LoginType = LoginType.SqlLogin;//指定登录方式为SQL认证
login.PasswordPolicyEnforced = true;
login.DefaultDatabase = "master";//默认数据库
login.Create(loginPassword);
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 利用SMO创建数据库
/// </summary>
public static void CreateDatabase()
{
string databaseName = "SMODemo";
//创建ServerConnection的实例
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
//指定连接字符串
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
//实例化Server
Server server = new Server(connection);
#region [创建数据库对象]
//检查在数据库是否已经存在该数据库
var queryDatabase = from Database temp in server.Databases
where string.Equals(temp.Name, databaseName, StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
select temp;
Database database = queryDatabase.FirstOrDefault<Database>();
//如果存在就删除
if (database != null)
{
database.Drop();
}
database = new Database(server, databaseName);
//指定数据库数据文件细节
FileGroup fileGroup = new FileGroup { Name = "PRIMARY", Parent = database, IsDefault = true };
DataFile dataFile = new DataFile
{
Name = databaseName + "_data",
Parent = fileGroup,
FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".mdf"
};
fileGroup.Files.Add(dataFile);
//指定数据库日志文件细节
LogFile logFile = new LogFile
{
Name = databaseName + "_log",
Parent = database,
FileName = @"F:\SQLData2005\" + databaseName + ".ldf"
};
database.FileGroups.Add(fileGroup);
database.LogFiles.Add(logFile);
database.Create();
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 利用SMO备份数据库
/// </summary>
public static void BackupDatabase()
{
string databaseName = "msdb";//备份的数据库名
string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹
//创建ServerConnection的实例
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
//指定连接字符串
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
//实例化Server
Server server = new Server(connection);
#region [创建数据库备份对象]
Backup backup = new Backup();
backup.Action = BackupActionType.Database;//完全备份
backup.Database = databaseName;
backup.BackupSetDescription = "Full backup of master";
backup.BackupSetName = "master Backup";
//创建备份设备
BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem();
bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File;
bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath+databaseName+".bak";
backup.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem);
backup.Incremental = false;
backup.LogTruncation = BackupTruncateLogType.Truncate;
backup.SqlBackup(server);
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// 备份数据库
/// </summary>
public static void RestoreDatabase()
{
string databaseName = "SMODemo";//备份的数据库名
string bkPath = @"C:\";//存放备份后的数据的文件夹
//创建ServerConnection的实例
ServerConnection connection = new ServerConnection();
//指定连接字符串
connection.ConnectionString = "Data Source=goodapp;Initial Catalog=master;User ID=sa;Password=root;";
//实例化Server
Server server = new Server(connection);
Restore restore = new Restore();
restore.NoRecovery = false;
restore.NoRewind = false;
restore.Action = RestoreActionType.Database;
restore.Database = databaseName;
//创建备份设备
BackupDeviceItem bkDeviceItem = new BackupDeviceItem();
bkDeviceItem.DeviceType = DeviceType.File;
bkDeviceItem.Name = bkPath + databaseName + ".bak";
//如果需要重新制定Restore后的数据库的物理文件位置，需要知道数据库文件的逻辑文件名
//可以RESTORE FILELISTONLY 来列出逻辑文件名，如果覆盖已有数据库可以通过SMO来获取
//因本处使用的是刚刚备份的msdb数据库来Restore，所以其分别为"MSDBData"和"MSDBLog"
//如果不指定Restore路径则默认恢复到数据库服务器存放数据的文件夹下
RelocateFile relocateDataFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBData", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf" };//(databaseName + "_data", bkPath + databaseName + ".mdf");
RelocateFile relocateLogFile = new RelocateFile { LogicalFileName = "MSDBLog", PhysicalFileName = bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf" };//(databaseName + "_log", bkPath + databaseName + ".ldf");
restore.Devices.Add(bkDeviceItem);
restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateDataFile);
restore.RelocateFiles.Add(relocateLogFile);
restore.SqlRestore(server);
}
}
}执行结果在这里就不贴图了，反正是是在周公家里的中文环境和办公室英文环境中测试通过。预先透漏一下，下一篇将讲述如何获取SQL Server的对象的创建SQL语句，比如表、存储过程、函数等。
2012-05-23
周公