硬件环境:Centos 6.5 服务器4台(一台为Master节点,三台为Slave节点)
软件环境:Java 1.7.0_45、Eclipse Juno Service Release 2、hadoop-1.2.1、hbase-0.94.20。
HbaseAdmin用于数据库的创建与删除,HbaseConfiguration用于数据库的配置,Htable用数据库表的相关操作,HtableDescriptor用于数据库表列族的相关操作,Put用于数据库表记录的添加,Get用户数据库表记录的获取,Scanner用于数据库表全表查询
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration
作用:对HBase进行配置
常用方法:void set(String name, String value),通过属性名来设置值。
用法示例:
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "Master");
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin
作用:提供了一个接口来管理HBase数据库的表信息。它提供的方法包括:创建表,删除表,列出表项,使表有效或无效,以及添加或删除表列族成员等。
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor
作用:包含了表的名字极其对应表的列族。
常用方法:void addFamily(HcolumnDescriptor family) 添加一个列族。其详细用法如下所示,向tb_user表中添加了一个content列族。
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor("tb_user");
HColumnDescriptor col = new HColumnDescriptor("content:");
tableDescriptor.addFamily(col);
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor
作用:维护着关于列族的信息,例如版本号,压缩设置等。它通常在创建表或者为表添加列族的时候使用。列族被创建后不能直接修改,只能通过删除然后重新创建的方式。列族被删除的时候,列族里面的数据也会同时被删除。
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable
作用:可以用来和HBase表直接通信。此方法对于更新操作来说是非线程安全的。
用法示例:
HTable table = null;
ResultScanner rs = null;
try {
Scan scan = new Scan();
table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
rs = table.getScanner(scan);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put
作用:用来对单个行执行添加操作
用法示例:
HTable table = null;
try {
table = new HTable(conf, tabelName);
Put putRow1 = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
putRow1.add(family.getBytes(), qualifier.getBytes(),value.getBytes());
table.put(putRow1);
table.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
类名:org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get
作用:用来获取单个行的相关信息
用法示例:
Get query = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
query.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes(family), Bytes.toBytes(qualifier));
if(table.exists(query)){
Result result = table.get(query);
System.out.format("ROW\t%s\n",new String(result.getRow()));
for(KeyValue kv : result.raw()){
System.out.format("COLUMN\t %S:%s\t%s\n",new String(kv.getFamily()),new String(kv.getQualifier()),new String(kv.getValue()));
}
}
create(String tableName,String… families)实现了创建名为tablename的表,同时添加若干families列族,列族个数不定,详细源码请参考:HBaseAPI/src/com/zonesion/hbase/CreateTable.java。
public static void create(String tableName,String... families) {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "Master");
HBaseAdmin admin = null;
try {
admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
HTableDescriptor tableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(
tableName.getBytes());
if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {// 表存在
System.out.println(tableName + "已经存在!");
} else {
for(String family :families){
tableDescriptor.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(family));
}
admin.createTable(tableDescriptor);
}
} catch (MasterNotRunningException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
put(String tabelName,String rowKey,String family,String qualifier,String value)实现了向tablename表主键为rowkey、列族为family、列为qualifier添加值为value的记录,详细源码请参考:HBaseAPI/src/com/zonesion/hbase/PutRow.java。
public static void put(String tabelName,String rowKey,String family,String qualifier,String value) {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "Master");
HTable table = null;
try {
table = new HTable(conf, tabelName);
Put putRow1 = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
putRow1.add(family.getBytes(), qualifier.getBytes(),value.getBytes());
table.put(putRow1);
table.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
getRow(String tableName,String rowKey) 实现了获取tablename表主键为rowkey的所有记录,详细源码请参考:HBaseAPI/src/com/zonesion/hbase/GetRow.java。
public static void getRow(String tableName,String rowKey) {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "Master");
HTable table = null;
try {
table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
Get query = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
if(table.exists(query)){
Result result = table.get(query);
System.out.format("ROW\t%s\n",new String(result.getRow()));
for(KeyValue kv : result.raw()){
System.out.format("COLUMN\t %S:%s\t%s\n",new String(kv.getFamily()),new String(kv.getQualifier()),new String(kv.getValue()));
}
}
table.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
list(String tableName)实现了遍历表tableName,并打印所有遍历的记录,详细源码请参考:HBaseAPI/src/com/zonesion/hbase/GetScanner.java。
public static void list(String tableName) {
Configuration conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "Master");
HTable table = null;
ResultScanner rs = null;
try {
Scan scan = new Scan();
table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
rs = table.getScanner(scan);
for(Result row : rs){
System.out.format("ROW\t%s\n",new String(row.getRow()));
for(Map.Entry<byte[], byte[]> entry : row.getFamilyMap("info".getBytes()).entrySet()){
String column = new String(entry.getKey());
String value = new String(entry.getValue());
System.out.format("COLUMN\t info:%s\t%s\n",column,value);
}
for(Map.Entry<byte[], byte[]> entry : row.getFamilyMap("address".getBytes()).entrySet()){
String column = new String(entry.getKey());
String value = new String(entry.getValue());
System.out.format("COLUMN\t address:%s\t%s\n",column,value);
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
更多详细的用法请参考:HBaseAPI/src/com/zonesion/hbase目录,其中CreateTable.java用于创建表,DeleteTable.java用于删除表,FilterQuery.java用于过滤查询,GetColumn.java用于获取指定列记录,GetFamily.java用于获取指定列族的所有记录,GetRow.java用于获取指定rowkey的所有记录,GetScanner.java用于遍历表,PutRow.java用于添加记录,HBaseAPI.java整合了上述所有资源以命令的形式进行调用,在实验过程中我们使用的HBaseAPI.java命令调用方式,用户也可单独执行以上所有资源。
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ start-dfs.sh #启动hadoop HDFS文件管理系统
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ start-mapred.sh #启动hadoop MapReduce分布式计算服务
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ start-hbase.sh #启动Hbase
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ jps #查看进程
22003 HMaster
10611 SecondaryNameNode
22226 Jps
21938 HQuorumPeer
10709 JobTracker
22154 HRegionServer
20277 Main
10432 NameNode
特别注意:用户可先通过jps命令查看Hadoop集群和Hbase服务是否启动,如果Hadoop集群和Hbase服务已经启动,则不需要执行此操作。
#设置工作环境
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ mkdir -p /usr/hadoop/workspace/Hbase
#部署源码
将HBaseAPI 文件夹拷贝到/usr/hadoop/workspace/Hbase/ 路径下;
… 你可以直接 下载 HBaseAPI
a)查看hbase核心配置文件hbase-site.xml的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性
使用如下命令查看hadoop核心配置文件hbase-site.xml的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性值,当前K-Master服务器的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性值为K-Master;
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ cat /usr/hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->
<configuration>
<!--zookeeper运行的机器,要为奇数个,使得投票更公平-->
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>K-Master</value>
</property>
</configuration>
b)修改项目HBaseAPI/src/config.properties属性文件
将项目HBaseAPI/src/config.properties属性文件的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性值修改为上一步查询到的属性值,保持config.properties文件的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性值与hbase-site.xml文件的hbase.zookeeper.quorum属性值一致;
#切换工作目录
[hadoop@K-Master ~]$ cd /usr/hadoop/workspace/Hbase/HBaseAPI/
#修改属性值
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ vim src/config.properties
hbase.zookeeper.quorum=K-Master
#拷贝src/config.properties到bin文件夹
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ cp src/config.properties bin/
#执行编译
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ javac -classpath /usr/hadoop/hadoop-core-1.2.1.jar:/usr/hadoop/lib/commons-cli-1.2.jar:lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar:lib/hbase-0.94.20.jar -d bin/ src/com/zonesion/hbase/*.java
#查看编译是否成功
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ ls bin/com/zonesion/hbase/ -la
total 52
drwxrwxr-x 2 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 30 16:18 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 hadoop hadoop 4096 Dec 30 16:18 ..
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 3283 Dec 30 16:18 CreateTable.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 2702 Dec 30 16:18 DeleteTable.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 3781 Dec 30 16:18 FilterQuery.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 2870 Dec 30 16:18 GetColumn.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 2789 Dec 30 16:18 GetFamily.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 2511 Dec 30 16:18 GetRow.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 3519 Dec 30 16:18 GetScanner.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 3085 Dec 30 16:18 HBaseAPI.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 4480 Dec 30 16:18 PropertiesHelper.class
-rw-rw-r-- 1 hadoop hadoop 2148 Dec 30 16:18 PutRow.class
#拷贝lib文件夹到bin文件夹
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ cp –r lib/ bin/
#打包Jar文件
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ jar -cvf HBaseAPI.jar -C bin/ .
added manifest
adding: lib/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: lib/zookeeper-3.4.5.jar(in = 779974) (out= 721150)(deflated 7%)
adding: lib/protobuf-java-2.4.0a.jar(in = 449818) (out= 420864)(deflated 6%)
adding: lib/hbase-0.94.20.jar(in = 5475284) (out= 5038635)(deflated 7%)
adding: com/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: com/zonesion/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/(in = 0) (out= 0)(stored 0%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/GetScanner.class(in = 2681) (out= 1422)(deflated 46%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/GetColumn.class(in = 2229) (out= 1127)(deflated 49%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/DeleteTable.class(in = 2058) (out= 1162)(deflated 43%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/CreateTable.class(in = 2534) (out= 1395)(deflated 44%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/HBaseAPI.class(in = 2947) (out= 1319)(deflated 55%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/FilterQuery.class(in = 3114) (out= 1540)(deflated 50%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/GetRow.class(in = 1914) (out= 1017)(deflated 46%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/PutRow.class(in = 1600) (out= 888)(deflated 44%)
adding: com/zonesion/hbase/GetFamily.class(in = 2170) (out= 1106)(deflated 49%)
a)Help命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI
HBaseAPI action ...
create <tableName> [family...]
delete <tableName>
put <tableName> <rowKey> <family> <column> <value>
scan <tableName>
get <tableName> <rowKey>
get <tableName> <rowKey> <family>
get <tableName> <rowKey> <family> <column>
b)create命令
#查看create帮助命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI create
create <tableName> [family...]
#创建tb_admin表,其中该表包含info、address两个列族
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI create tb_admin info address
c)put命令
#查看put帮助命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put
put <tableName> <rowKey> <family> <column> <value>
#使用put命令向表为tb_admin、<rowkey>是'andieguo'添加一系列记录
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo info age 25
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo info birthday 1990-09-08
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo info company zonesion
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo address country China
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo address province hubei
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI put tb_admin andieguo address city wuhan
d)scan命令
#查看scan帮助命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI scan
scan <tableName>
#使用scan命令查看tb_admin表里的所有记录
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI scan tb_admin
ROW andieguo
COLUMN info:age 25
COLUMN info:birthday 1990-09-08
COLUMN info:company zonesion
COLUMN address:city wuhan
COLUMN address:country China
COLUMN address:province hubei
e)get命令
#查看get帮助命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI get
get <tableName> <rowKey>
get <tableName> <rowKey> <family>
get <tableName> <rowKey> <family> <column>
#使用get命令查看表tb_admin中rowkey为andieguo的所有记录
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI get tb_admin andieguo
ROW andieguo
COLUMN ADDRESS:city wuhan
COLUMN ADDRESS:country China
COLUMN ADDRESS:province hubei
COLUMN INFO:age 25
COLUMN INFO:birthday 1990-09-08
COLUMN INFO:company zonesion
#使用get命令查看表tb_admin中rowkey为andieguo、列族为info的所有记录
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI get tb_admin andieguo info
ROW andieguo
COLUMN INFO:age 25
COLUMN INFO:birthday 1990-09-08
COLUMN INFO:company zonesion
#使用get命令查看表tb_admin中rowkey为andieguo、info为age的所有记录
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI get tb_admin andieguo info age
ROW andieguo
COLUMN INFO:age 25
f)delete命令
#查看delete帮助命令
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI delete
delete <tableName>
#使用delete命令删除tb_admin表
[hadoop@K-Master HBaseAPI]$ hadoop jar HBaseAPI.jar com.zonesion.hbase.HBaseAPI delete tb_admin
14/12/19 19:46:37 INFO client.HBaseAdmin: Disabled tb_admin
14/12/19 19:46:38 INFO client.HBaseAdmin: Deleted tb_admin
关闭HBaseAdmin
【HBase基础教程】1、HBase之单机模式与伪分布式模式安装
【HBase基础教程】2、HBase之完全分布式模式安装
【HBase基础教程】3、HBase Shell DDL操作
【HBase基础教程】4、HBase Shell DML操作
【HBase基础教程】5、HBase API访问
【HBase基础教程】6、HBase之读取MapReduce数据写入HBase
【HBase基础教程】7、HBase之读取HBase数据写入HDFS