web.py 十分钟创建简易博客

一、web.py简介

web.py是一款轻量级的python web开发框架，简单、高效、学习成本低，特别适合作为python web开发的入门框架。官方站点：http://webpy.org/

二、web.py安装

1、下载：http://webpy.org/static/web.py-0.33.tar.gz

2、解压并进入web.py-0.33目录，安装：python setup.py install

三、创建简易博客

1、目录说明：主目录blog/，模板目录blog/templates

2、在数据库“test”中创建表“entries”

 CREATE TABLE entries (
     id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
     title TEXT,
     content TEXT,
     posted_on DATETIME,
     primary key (id)
 );

 

3、在主目录创建blog.py，blog/blog.py

 #载入框架
 import web
 #载入数据库操作model（稍后创建）
 import model
 #URL映射
 urls = (
         '/', 'Index',
         '/view/(/d+)', 'View',
         '/new', 'New',
         '/delete/(/d+)', 'Delete',
         '/edit/(/d+)', 'Edit',
         '/login', 'Login',
         '/logout', 'Logout',
         )
 app = web.application(urls, globals())
 #模板公共变量
 t_globals = {
     'datestr': web.datestr,
     'cookie': web.cookies,
 }
 #指定模板目录，并设定公共模板
 render = web.template.render('templates', base='base', globals=t_globals)
 #创建登录表单
 login = web.form.Form(
                       web.form.Textbox('username'),
                       web.form.Password('password'),
                       web.form.Button('login')
                       )
 #首页类
 class Index:
     def GET(self):
         login_form = login()
         posts = model.get_posts()
         return render.index(posts, login_form)
     def POST(self):
         login_form = login()
         if login_form.validates():
             if login_form.d.username == 'admin' /
                 and login_form.d.password == 'admin':
                 web.setcookie('username', login_form.d.username)
         raise web.seeother('/')
 #查看文章类
 class View:
     def GET(self, id):
         post = model.get_post(int(id))
         return render.view(post)
 #新建文章类
 class New:
     form = web.form.Form(
                          web.form.Textbox('title',
                          web.form.notnull,
                          size=30,
                          description='Post title: '),
                          web.form.Textarea('content',
                          web.form.notnull,
                          rows=30,
                          cols=80,
                          description='Post content: '),
                          web.form.Button('Post entry'),
                          )
     def GET(self):
         form = self.form()
         return render.new(form)
     def POST(self):
         form = self.form()
         if not form.validates():
             return render.new(form)
         model.new_post(form.d.title, form.d.content)
         raise web.seeother('/')
 #删除文章类
 class Delete:
     def POST(self, id):
         model.del_post(int(id))
         raise web.seeother('/')
 #编辑文章类
 class Edit:
     def GET(self, id):
         post = model.get_post(int(id))
         form = New.form()
         form.fill(post)
         return render.edit(post, form)
     def POST(self, id):
         form = New.form()
         post = model.get_post(int(id))
         if not form.validates():
             return render.edit(post, form)
         model.update_post(int(id), form.d.title, form.d.content)
         raise web.seeother('/')
 #退出登录
 class Logout:
     def GET(self):
         web.setcookie('username', '', expires=-1)
         raise web.seeother('/')
 #定义404错误显示内容
 def notfound():
     return web.notfound("Sorry, the page you were looking for was not found.")

 app.notfound = notfound
 #运行
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     app.run()

 

4、在主目录创建model.py，blog/model.py

 import web
 import datetime
 #数据库连接
 db = web.database(dbn = 'mysql', db = 'test', user = 'root', pw = '123456')
 #获取所有文章
 def get_posts():
     return db.select('entries', order = 'id DESC')

 #获取文章内容
 def get_post(id):
     try:
         return db.select('entries', where = 'id=$id', vars = locals())[0]
     except IndexError:
         return None
 #新建文章
 def new_post(title, text):
     db.insert('entries',
         title = title,
         content = text,
         posted_on = datetime.datetime.utcnow())
 #删除文章
 def del_post(id):
     db.delete('entries', where = 'id = $id', vars = locals())

 #修改文章
 def update_post(id, title, text):
     db.update('entries',
         where = 'id = $id',
         vars = locals(),
         title = title,
         content = text)

 

5、在模板目录依次创建：base.html、edit.html、index.html、new.html、view.html

 <!-- base.html -->
 $def with (page)
 <html>
     <head>
         <title>My Blog</title>
         <mce:style><!--
             #menu {
                 width: 200px;
                 float: right;
             }

 --></mce:style><style mce_bogus="1">            #menu {
                 width: 200px;
                 float: right;
             }
         </style>
     </head>

     <body>
         <ul id="menu">
             <li><a href="/" mce_href="">Home</a></li>
             $if cookie().get('username'):
                 <li><a href="/new" mce_href="new">New Post</a></li>
         </ul>

         $:page
     </body>
 </html>

 <!-- edit.html -->
 $def with (post, form)
 <h1>Edit $form.d.title</h1>
 <form action="" method="post">
     $:form.render()
 </form>
 <h2>Delete post</h2>
 <form action="/delete/$post.id" method="post">
     <input type="submit" value="Delete post" />
 </form>

 <!-- index.html -->
 $def with (posts, login_form)
 <h1>Blog posts</h1>
 $if not cookie().get('username'):
     <form action="" method="post">
     $:login_form.render()
     </form>
 $else:
     Welcome $cookie().get('username')!<a href="/logout" mce_href="logout">Logout</a>
 <ul>
     $for post in posts:
         <li>
             <a href="/view/$post.id" mce_href="view/$post.id">$post.title</a>
             on $post.posted_on
             $if cookie().get('username'):
                 <a href="/edit/$post.id" mce_href="edit/$post.id">Edit</a>
                 <a href="/delete/$post.id" mce_href="delete/$post.id">Del</a>
         </li>
 </ul>

 <!-- new.html -->
 $def with (form)
 <h1>New Blog Post</h1>
 <form action="" method="post">
 $:form.render()
 </form>

 <!-- view.html -->
 $def with (post)
 <h1>$post.title</h1>
 $post.posted_on<br />
 $post.content

 

6、进入主目录在命令行下运行：python blog.py，将启动web服务，在浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/，简易博客即已完成。