Node.js Development Environment—Ubuntu

Content:

     1. Installed via apt-get nodejs – Failed.

     2. Download the source code from github install – successful.

     3. Establish express project, start your first project.

 

1. Installation via apt-get nodejs – Failed
Set up the environment

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ sudo apt-get install nodejs
   
   
   
   
~ sudo apt-get install npm
   
   
   
   
~ node -v
   
   
   
   
v0.6.12
   
   
   
   
~ npm -v 1.1.4
  
  
  
  

create working directory

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ mkdir workspace
   
   
   
   
~ mkdir workspace/nodejs
   
   
   
   
~ cd workspace/nodejs
   
   
   
   
~ pwd
   
   
   
   
/home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs
  
  
  
  

Failed installation
Errors Conan got:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
sudo npm install express -g
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/express
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/express
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.7.11
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/commander/0.6.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.4
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/commander/0.6.1
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.7.11
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.4
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http 304 https://registry.npmjs.org/debug
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! error installing express@3.2.6
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! error rolling back express@3.2.6 Error: UNKNOWN, unknown error '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/express'
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Unsupported
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Not compatible with your version of node/npm: connect@2.7.11
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Required: {"node":">= 0.8.0"}
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Actual: {"npm":"1.1.4","node":"0.6.12"}
   
   
   
   
npm ERR!
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! System Linux 3.5.0-23-generic
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/bin/npm" "install" "express" "-g"
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! cwd /home/conan/workspace/nodejs
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! node -v v0.6.12
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! npm -v 1.1.4
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! code ENOTSUP
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! message Unsupported
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! errno {}
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/mime/1.2.6
   
   
   
   
npm ERR!
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! /home/conan/workspace/nodejs/npm-debug.log
   
   
   
   
npm not ok
  
  
  
  

Prompt indicates that node and npm version are incompatible. It may be caused by failing to update the source by “apt-get”. And you should move on and install compatible node and npm manually.

Errors Vivian got:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs$ sudo npm install express -g
   
   
   
   
npm http GET https://registry.npmjs.org/express
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Error: failed to fetch from registry: express
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at /usr/share/npm/lib/utils/npm-registry-client/get.js:139:12
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at cb (/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/npm-registry-client/request.js:31:9)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at Request._callback (/usr/share/npm/lib/utils/npm-registry-client/request.js:136:18)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at Request.callback (/usr/lib/nodejs/request/main.js:119:22)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at Request. (/usr/lib/nodejs/request/main.js:212:58)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at Request.emit (events.js:88:20)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at ClientRequest. (/usr/lib/nodejs/request/main.js:412:12)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at ClientRequest.emit (events.js:67:17)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at HTTPParser.onIncoming (http.js:1261:11)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! at HTTPParser.onHeadersComplete (http.js:102:31)
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! You may report this log at:
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! or use
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! reportbug --attach /home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs/npm-debug.log npm
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! System Linux 3.11.0-15-generic
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/bin/npm" "install" "express" "-g"
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! cwd /home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! node -v v0.6.12
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! npm -v 1.1.4
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! message failed to fetch from registry: express
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! /home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs/npm-debug.log
   
   
   
   
npm not ok
   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs$
  
  
  
  

The solution for “Error: failed to fetch from registry: express” is run the following in your terminal window:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs$ npm config set registry http://registry.npmjs.org/
   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs$ sudo npm install express -gnpm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/express
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/express
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/express/-/express-3.4.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/express/-/express-3.4.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.11.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/commander/1.3.2
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.5
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.2.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.4
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/debug
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/-/cookie-0.1.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/0.2.1
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/-/buffer-crc32-0.2.1.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/commander/1.3.2
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/connect/2.11.0
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/0.3.5
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/commander/-/commander-1.3.2.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/connect/-/connect-2.11.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/-/mkdirp-0.3.5.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/0.0.4
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/-/range-parser-0.0.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/0.2.0
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/-/fresh-0.2.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/-/cookie-0.1.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/send/0.1.4
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/methods/0.1.0
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/buffer-crc32/-/buffer-crc32-0.2.1.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/mkdirp/-/mkdirp-0.3.5.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/send/-/send-0.1.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/methods/-/methods-0.1.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/debug
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/range-parser/-/range-parser-0.0.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-0.7.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/commander/-/commander-1.3.2.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/connect/-/connect-2.11.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/send/-/send-0.1.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/fresh/-/fresh-0.2.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/1.0.1
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-0.7.4.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/methods/-/methods-0.1.0.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/-/cookie-signature-1.0.1.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm http 200 http://registry.npmjs.org/cookie-signature/-/cookie-signature-1.0.1.tgz
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! error installing express@3.4.4
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! error rolling back express@3.4.4 Error: UNKNOWN, unknown error '/usr/local/lib/node_modules/express'
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Unsupported
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Not compatible with your version of node/npm: connect@2.11.0
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Required: {"node":">= 0.8.0"}
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Actual: {"npm":"1.1.4","node":"0.6.12"}
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! System Linux 3.11.0-15-generic
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! command "node" "/usr/bin/npm" "install" "express" "-g"
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! cwd /home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! node -v v0.6.12
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! npm -v 1.1.4
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! code ENOTSUP
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! message Unsupported
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! errno {}
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/mime
   
   
   
   
npm http GET http://registry.npmjs.org/keypress
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! 
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! Additional logging details can be found in:
   
   
   
   
npm ERR! /home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs/npm-debug.log
   
   
   
   
npm not ok
  
  
  
  

Prompt indicates that node and npm version are incompatible. As of this moment, both Conan and Vivian reached the same point of progress.

 

2. Download the source code from github install – successful

To fix errors Conan and Vivian got, we would find compatible version, and install them manually.

Uninstall the node and npm we got from last step

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ sudo apt-get autoremove npm
   
   
   
   
~ sudo apt-get autoremove nodejs
  
  
  
  

Find the node official repo: https://github.com/joyent/node

Install git for your ubuntu

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ sudo apt-get install git
  
  
  
  

install nodejs from github

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ git clone git://github.com/joyent/node.git
   
   
   
   
Cloning into 'node'...
   
   
   
   
remote: Counting objects: 100200, done.
   
   
   
   
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (28074/28074), done.
   
   
   
   
remote: Total 100200 (delta 78807), reused 90936 (delta 70473)
   
   
   
   
Receiving objects: 100% (100200/100200), 61.81 MiB | 698 KiB/s, done.
   
   
   
   
Resolving deltas: 100% (78807/78807), done.
  
  
  
  

Go inside of node directory

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ cd node
   
   
   
   
~ pwd
   
   
   
   
/home/vivianzhang/workspace/nodejs/node
  
  
  
  

switch the new repo branch

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ git checkout v0.11.2-release
   
   
   
   
Branch v0.11.2-release set up to track remote branch v0.11.2-release from origin.
   
   
   
   
Switched to a new branch 'v0.11.2-release'
  
  
  
  

Install node

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
./configure
   
   
   
   
make
   
   
   
   
sudo make install
  
  
  
  

after installation is finished, check version of node

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ node -v
   
   
   
   
-bash: /usr/bin/node: No such file or directory
  
  
  
  

We got prompt which states ” no node”, let us check the directory node was installed:

Conan got:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ whereis node
   
   
   
   
node: /usr/local/bin/node
  
  
  
  

Vivian got:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ whereis node
   
   
   
   
node: 
  
  
  
  

If you got errors like Vivian did,  do the following:

Based on stackoverflow post, we can fix it by running:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
sudo apt-get purge nodejs npm
  
  
  
  

Then install from Chris Lea’s repo:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
sudo apt-get update
   
   
   
   
sudo apt-get install -y python-software-properties python g++ make
   
   
   
   
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:chris-lea/node.js
   
   
   
   
sudo apt-get update
   
   
   
   
sudo apt-get install nodejs
  
  
  
  

Run the command again, you should get the same output Conan got:

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ whereis node
   
   
   
   
node: /usr/local/bin/node
  
  
  
  

As of this moment, both Conan and Vivian reached the same point of progress. Then do the following:

Add symlink for node

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/node /usr/bin/node
   
   
   
   
~ sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm
  
  
  
  

Then we check version of node and npm again

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ node -v
   
   
   
   
v0.11.2
   
   
   
   
~ npm -v
   
   
   
   
1.2.21
  
  
  
  

We install express

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ sudo npm install express -g
   
   
   
   
express@3.5.1 /usr/local/lib/node_modules/express
   
   
   
   
├── methods@0.1.0
   
   
   
   
├── debug@0.7.4
   
   
   
   
├── merge-descriptors@0.0.2
   
   
   
   
├── cookie-signature@1.0.3
   
   
   
   
├── fresh@0.2.2
   
   
   
   
├── range-parser@1.0.0
   
   
   
   
├── buffer-crc32@0.2.1
   
   
   
   
├── cookie@0.1.1
   
   
   
   
├── mkdirp@0.3.5
   
   
   
   
├── commander@1.3.2 (keypress@0.1.0)
   
   
   
   
├── send@0.2.0 (mime@1.2.11)
   
   
   
   
└── connect@2.14.1 (response-time@1.0.0, pause@0.0.1, connect-timeout@1.0.0, method-override@1.0.0, vhost@1.0.0, static-favicon@1.0.0, qs@0.6.6, morgan@1.0.0, serve-static@1.0.2, basic-auth-connect@1.0.0, bytes@0.2.1, raw-body@1.1.3, errorhandler@1.0.0, cookie-parser@1.0.1, csurf@1.0.0, compression@1.0.0, express-session@1.0.2, serve-index@1.0.1, multiparty@2.2.0)vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs/node$ 
  
  
  
  

The installation is successful now.

 

3. Establish express project , start your first project

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ express -e nodejs-demo
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/package.json
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/app.js
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/public
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/public/javascripts
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/public/images
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/public/stylesheets
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/public/stylesheets/style.css
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/routes
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/routes/index.js
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/routes/user.js
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/views
   
   
   
   
create : nodejs-demo/views/index.ejs
   
   
   
   
install dependencies:
   
   
   
   
$ cd nodejs-demo && npm install
   
   
   
   
run the app:
   
   
   
   
$ node app
  
  
  
  

Install the dependent packages

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
~ cd nodejs-demo
   
   
   
   
~ sudo npm install
   
   
   
   
express@3.5.1 node_modules/express
   
   
   
   
├── methods@0.1.0
   
   
   
   
├── debug@0.7.4
   
   
   
   
├── merge-descriptors@0.0.2
   
   
   
   
├── cookie-signature@1.0.3
   
   
   
   
├── range-parser@1.0.0
   
   
   
   
├── fresh@0.2.2
   
   
   
   
├── buffer-crc32@0.2.1
   
   
   
   
├── cookie@0.1.1
   
   
   
   
├── mkdirp@0.3.5
   
   
   
   
├── send@0.2.0 (mime@1.2.11)
   
   
   
   
├── commander@1.3.2 (keypress@0.1.0)
   
   
   
   
└── connect@2.14.1 (response-time@1.0.0, pause@0.0.1, connect-timeout@1.0.0, method-override@1.0.0, static-favicon@1.0.0, vhost@1.0.0, qs@0.6.6, basic-auth-connect@1.0.0, morgan@1.0.0, serve-static@1.0.2, bytes@0.2.1, raw-body@1.1.3, errorhandler@1.0.0, csurf@1.0.0, cookie-parser@1.0.1, compression@1.0.0, express-session@1.0.2, serve-index@1.0.1, multiparty@2.2.0)
   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs/node/nodejs-demo$ 
  
  
  
  

Start the app

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs/node/nodejs-demo$ node app.js
   
   
   
   
Express server listening on port 3000
  
  
  
  

Test whether we can call curl by opening another terminal window by ctrl+alt+T

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~$ curl localhost:3000
   
   
   
   
<!DOCTYPE html>
   
   
   
   
<html>
   
   
   
   
<head>
   
   
   
   
<title>Express</title>
   
   
   
   
<link rel='stylesheet' href='/stylesheets/style.css' />
   
   
   
   
</head>
   
   
   
   
<body>
   
   
   
   
<h1>Express</h1>
   
   
   
   
<Welcome to Express</p>
   
   
   
   
<body>
   
   
   
   
<html>
  
  
  
  

From previous terminal window, you will see Node.js server log

  
  
  
  

   
   
   
   
vivianzhang@ubuntu:~/workspace/nodejs/node/nodejs-demo$ node app.js
   
   
   
   
Express server listening on port 3000
   
   
   
   
GET / 200 14ms - 206b