mongo的初体验

mongo的初体验

首先在mongo官网下载Windows的版本  

启动服务：mongod.exe --port 12345 --dbpath=c:\mongodb\db  
显示一下信息：  
Fri Dec 04 14:30:32 Mongo DB : starting : pid = 0 port = 12345 dbpath = c:\mongo  
db\db master = 0 slave = 0  32-bit  

** NOTE: when using MongoDB 32 bit, you are limited to about 2 gigabytes of data  

**       see http://blog.mongodb.org/post/137788967/32-bit-limitations for more  

Fri Dec 04 14:30:32 db version v1.1.4-, pdfile version 4.5  
Fri Dec 04 14:30:32 git version: c67c2f7dd681152f1784c8e1c2119b979e65881d  
Fri Dec 04 14:30:32 sys info: windows (5, 1, 2600, 2, 'Service Pack 3') BOOST_LI  
B_VERSION=1_35  
Fri Dec 04 14:30:32 waiting for connections on port 12345  


启动客户端：mongo.exe localhost:12345  

检查是否正常:db.foo.save({a:1,b:9})  
     db.foo.find({a:1})  
控制台显示：{ "_id" : ObjectId("4b18b5b56f40000000006cec"), "a" : 1, "b" : 9 }  


添加数据：db.foo.save({a:1,b:9})  

查询数据：db.foo.find({a:1})  //{a:1}是查询条件，当为空时查询所有  
  db.foo.findOne({a:1}) //显示出一条数据  

删除数据：db.foo.remove({a:1}) //删除a=1的数据  

表的数据量:db.foo.find().count()  

显示数据指定的条数:db.foo.find().limit(n)  

显示库名:db.foo.getDB()  

获取索引值：db.foo.getIndexes()  

表的统计:db.foo.stats()  

删除表:db.foo.drop()  

获取不重复的列：db.foo.distinct( key ) - eg. db.foo.distinct( 'x' )  

忽略前面的几行：db.other.find({a:2}).skip(2)//忽略a=2中的前面2行  

方法帮助:db.foo.help()  


HELP  
        show dbs                     show database names  
        show collections             show collections in current database  
        show users                   show users in current database  
        show profile                 show most recent system.profile entries with time >= 1ms  
        use <db name>                set curent database to <db name>  
        db.help()                    help on DB methods  
        db.foo.help()                help on collection methods  
        db.foo.find()                list objects in collection foo  
        db.foo.find( { a : 1 } )     list objects in foo where a == 1  
        it                           result of the last line evaluated; use to further iterate  


DB methods:  
        db.addUser(username, password)  
        db.auth(username, password)  
        db.cloneDatabase(fromhost)  
        db.commandHelp(name) returns the help for the command  
        db.copyDatabase(fromdb, todb, fromhost)  
        db.createCollection(name, { size : ..., capped : ..., max : ... } )  
        db.currentOp() displays the current operation in the db  
        db.dropDatabase()  
        db.eval(func, args) run code server-side  
        db.getCollection(cname) same as db['cname'] or db.cname  
        db.getCollectionNames()  
        db.getLastError() - just returns the err msg string  
        db.getLastErrorObj() - return full status object  
        db.getMongo() get the server connection object  
        db.getMongo().setSlaveOk() allow this connection to read from the nonmaster member of a replica pair  
        db.getName()  
        db.getPrevError()  
        db.getProfilingLevel()  
        db.getReplicationInfo()  
        db.getSisterDB(name) get the db at the same server as this onew  
        db.killOp() kills the current operation in the db  
        db.printCollectionStats()  
        db.printReplicationInfo()  
        db.printSlaveReplicationInfo()  
        db.printShardingStatus()  
        db.removeUser(username)  
        db.repairDatabase()  
        db.resetError()  
        db.runCommand(cmdObj) run a database command.  if cmdObj is a string, turns it into { cmdObj : 1 }  
        db.setProfilingLevel(level) 0=off 1=slow 2=all  
        db.shutdownServer()  
        db.version() current version of the server  

DBCollection help  
        db.foo.count()  
        db.foo.dataSize()  
        db.foo.distinct( key ) - eg. db.foo.distinct( 'x' )  
        db.foo.drop() drop the collection  
        db.foo.dropIndex(name)  
        db.foo.dropIndexes()  
        db.foo.ensureIndex(keypattern,options) - options should be an object with these possible fields: name, unique, dropDups  
        db.foo.find( [query] , [fields]) - first parameter is an optional queryfilter. second parameter is optional set of fields to return.  e.g. db.foo.find( { x : 77 } , { name : 1 , x : 1 } )  
        db.foo.find(...).count()  
        db.foo.find(...).limit(n)  
        db.foo.find(...).skip(n)  
        db.foo.find(...).sort(...)  
        db.foo.findOne([query])  
        db.foo.getDB() get DB object associated with collection  
        db.foo.getIndexes()  
        db.foo.group( { key : ..., initial: ..., reduce : ...[, cond: ...] } )  
        db.foo.mapReduce( mapFunction , reduceFunction , <optional params> )  
        db.foo.remove(query)  
        db.foo.renameCollection( newName ) renames the collection  
        db.foo.save(obj)  
        db.foo.stats()  
        db.foo.storageSize() - includes free space allocated to this collection  
        db.foo.totalIndexSize() - size in bytes of all the indexes  
        db.foo.totalSize() - storage allocated for all data and indexes  
        db.foo.update(query, object[, upsert_bool])  
        db.foo.validate() - SLOW  
        db.foo.getShardVersion() - only for use with shardin

来自:  http://canofy.javaeye.com/blog/540926