Statspack的使用
Statspack是Oracle自带的强大的性能分析工具。他可以对当前数据库的运行状况作出全面的分析（包括实例信息、PGA顾问信息、命中率、top sql、top 5 wait event等等），是个好东西吧！下面切入正题：
1.以sysdba身份登陆，查看数据文件路径
- C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba
- SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期三 4月 14 10:51:41 2010
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
- 连接到:
- Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
- With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
- sys@AAA>show user;
- USER 为 "SYS"
- sys@AAA>select file_name from dba_data_files;
- FILE_NAME
- --------------------------------------------------
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\USERS01.DBF
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\SYSAUX01.DBF
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\UNDOTBS01.DBF
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\SYSTEM01.DBF
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\BBB.DBF
- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\PERFSTAT.DBF
- 已选择6行。
C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>sqlplus / as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期三 4月 14 10:51:41 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved. 连接到: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options sys@AAA>show user; USER 为 "SYS" sys@AAA>select file_name from dba_data_files; FILE_NAME -------------------------------------------------- D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\USERS01.DBF D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\SYSAUX01.DBF D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\UNDOTBS01.DBF D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\SYSTEM01.DBF D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\BBB.DBF D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\PERFSTAT.DBF 已选择6行。
2.创建statspack存储数据的表空间，（注：statspack往往会产生大量的分析数据，所以表空间还是大点为好）。
- create tablespace perfstat datafile 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\PERFSTAT.DBF' size 2G;
create tablespace perfstat datafile 'D:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.2.0\ORADATA\AAA\PERFSTAT.DBF' size 2G;
3.运行statspack安装脚本。默认位置在$oracle_home\rdbms\admin\spcreate.sql
- sys@AAA> @D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\spcreate.sql
- ...................
- 输入 perfstat_password 的值: perfstat
- ...
- 输入 default_tablespace 的值: perfstat
- ..........
- ..........
- 输入 temporary_tablespace 的值: temp
- ..........
- ..........
sys@AAA> @D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\spcreate.sql ................... 输入 perfstat_password 的值: perfstat ... 输入 default_tablespace 的值: perfstat .......... .......... 输入 temporary_tablespace 的值: temp .......... ..........
安装完之后 会自动切换用户到perfstat下：
- PERFSTAT@AAA> show user;
- USER is "PERFSTAT"
PERFSTAT@AAA> show user; USER is "PERFSTAT"
安装完毕！
4.接下来采样分析，设定一个job，每小时执行一次采样。
首先查看当前DB中有没有正在运行的JOB：
- perfstat@AAA>select job,schema_user,next_date,interval,what from user_jobs;
- 未选定行
perfstat@AAA>select job,schema_user,next_date,interval,what from user_jobs; 未选定行
创建statspack采样的job，没每个小时采样一次。
- perfstat@AAA>variable job number;
- perfstat@AAA>begin
- 2 dbms_job.submit(:job,'statspack.snap;',trunc(sysdate+1/24,'hh24'),'trunc(sysdate+1/24,''hh24'')');
- 3 commit;
- 4 end;
- 5 /
- PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
perfstat@AAA>variable job number; perfstat@AAA>begin 2 dbms_job.submit(:job,'statspack.snap;',trunc(sysdate+1/24,'hh24'),'trunc(sysdate+1/24,''hh24'')'); 3 commit; 4 end; 5 / PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
查看当前正在运行的job有哪些？
- perfstat@AAA>select job as j,schema_user,next_date,interval,what from user_jobs;
- J SCHEMA_USER NEXT_DATE INTERVAL WHAT
- ---------- ------------------------------ -------------- ---------- ----------
- 1 PERFSTAT 14-4月 -10 trunc(sysd statspack.
- ate+1/24,' snap;
- hh24')
perfstat@AAA>select job as j,schema_user,next_date,interval,what from user_jobs; J SCHEMA_USER NEXT_DATE INTERVAL WHAT ---------- ------------------------------ -------------- ---------- ---------- 1 PERFSTAT 14-4月 -10 trunc(sysd statspack. ate+1/24,' snap; hh24')
5.由于statspack的采集和分析会做很多DB的分析，产生大量的分析数据，所以频繁的采样肯定会消耗系统性能，特别是在生产库中，所以当你建立了上面每小时执行一次的那个job，请务必在不需要的时候停止它。不然的话，这个失误可能会是致命的（ statspack job每小时都会跑，永不停的跑下去，呵呵。），尤其在生产库中。
明天凌晨，系统比较清闲，采样已经没多大意义（采样分析的最终目的是分析高峰时段的系统瓶颈），所以停止这个job.
- perfstat@AAA>variable job number;
- perfstat@AAA>begin
- 2 dbms_job.submit(:job,'dbms_job.broken(1,true);',trunc(sysdate+1),'null');
- 3 commit;
- 4 end;
- 5 /
- PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
perfstat@AAA>variable job number; perfstat@AAA>begin 2 dbms_job.submit(:job,'dbms_job.broken(1,true);',trunc(sysdate+1),'null'); 3 commit; 4 end; 5 / PL/SQL 过程已成功完成。
6.几个小时候后，看看生成的哪些快照。
- perfstat@AAA>select snap_id,snap_time,startup_time from stats$snapshot;
- SNAP_ID SNAP_TIME STARTUP_TIME
- ---------- -------------- --------------
- 1 14-4月 -10 14-4月 -10
- 2 14-4月 -10 14-4月 -10
perfstat@AAA>select snap_id,snap_time,startup_time from stats$snapshot; SNAP_ID SNAP_TIME STARTUP_TIME ---------- -------------- -------------- 1 14-4月 -10 14-4月 -10 2 14-4月 -10 14-4月 -10
7.设定任意两个快照，产生这段时间内的性能分析报告（此时需要跑spreport脚本，路径和刚才那个脚本一致）。
- perfstat@AAA>@D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\spreport.sql
- Current Instance
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- DB Id DB Name Inst Num Instance
- ----------- ------------ -------- ------------
- 1858440386 AAA 1 aaa
- Instances in this Statspack schema
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- DB Id Inst Num DB Name Instance Host
- ----------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------
- 1858440386 1 AAA aaa 6979580041BD
- 490
- Using 1858440386 for database Id
- Using 1 for instance number
- Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent
- (n) days of snapshots being listed. Pressing <return> without
- specifying a number lists all completed snapshots.
- Listing all Completed Snapshots
- Snap
- Instance DB Name Snap Id Snap Started Level Comment
- ------------ ------------ --------- ----------------- ----- -------------
- aaa AAA 1 14 4月 2010 09:5 5
- 2
- 2 14 4月 2010 09:5 5
- 3
- 3 14 4月 2010 11:0 5
- 0
- Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- 输入 begin_snap 的值: 1
- Begin Snapshot Id specified: 1
- 输入 end_snap 的值: 2
- End Snapshot Id specified: 2
- Specify the Report Name
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- The default report file name is sp_1_2. To use this name,
- press <return> to continue, otherwise enter an alternative.
- 输入 report_name 的值: d:\myreport.txt
perfstat@AAA>@D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1\RDBMS\ADMIN\spreport.sql Current Instance ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DB Id DB Name Inst Num Instance ----------- ------------ -------- ------------ 1858440386 AAA 1 aaa Instances in this Statspack schema ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DB Id Inst Num DB Name Instance Host ----------- -------- ------------ ------------ ------------ 1858440386 1 AAA aaa 6979580041BD 490 Using 1858440386 for database Id Using 1 for instance number Specify the number of days of snapshots to choose from ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Entering the number of days (n) will result in the most recent (n) days of snapshots being listed. Pressing <return> without specifying a number lists all completed snapshots. Listing all Completed Snapshots Snap Instance DB Name Snap Id Snap Started Level Comment ------------ ------------ --------- ----------------- ----- ------------- aaa AAA 1 14 4月 2010 09:5 5 2 2 14 4月 2010 09:5 5 3 3 14 4月 2010 11:0 5 0 Specify the Begin and End Snapshot Ids ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 输入 begin_snap 的值: 1 Begin Snapshot Id specified: 1 输入 end_snap 的值: 2 End Snapshot Id specified: 2 Specify the Report Name ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The default report file name is sp_1_2. To use this name, press <return> to continue, otherwise enter an alternative. 输入 report_name 的值: d:\myreport.txt
- ...回车
...回车
8.完成后，会产生一个分析报告（d:\myreport.txt）。
附件：报告的截取片段：
- STATSPACK report for
- Database DB Id Instance Inst Num Startup Time Release RAC
- ~~~~~~~~ ----------- ------------ -------- --------------- ----------- ---
- 1858440386 aaa 1 14-4月 -10 09:2 10.2.0.1.0 NO
- 2
- Host Name: 6979580041BD490 Num CPUs: 2 Phys Memory (MB): 3,326
- ~~~~
- Snapshot Snap Id Snap Time Sessions Curs/Sess Comment
- ~~~~~~~~ ---------- ------------------ -------- --------- -------------------
- Begin Snap: 1 14-4月 -10 09:52:22 15 4.3
- End Snap: 2 14-4月 -10 09:53:20 15 5.8
- Elapsed: 0.97 (mins)
- Cache Sizes Begin End
- ~~~~~~~~~~~ ---------- ----------
- Buffer Cache: 184M Std Block Size: 8K
- Shared Pool Size: 380M Log Buffer: 6,860K
- Load Profile Per Second Per Transaction
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~ --------------- ---------------
- Redo size: 10,075.66 584,388.00
- Logical reads: 58.41 3,388.00
- Block changes: 18.81 1,091.00
- Physical reads: 0.22 13.00
- Physical writes: 0.00 0.00
- User calls: 0.52 30.00
- Parses: 2.83 164.00
- Hard parses: 0.72 42.00
- Sorts: 1.76 102.00
- Logons: 0.02 1.00
- Executes: 10.88 631.00
- Transactions: 0.02
- % Blocks changed per Read: 32.20 Recursive Call %: 99.69
- Rollback per transaction %: 0.00 Rows per Sort: 70.69
- Instance Efficiency Percentages
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
- Buffer Nowait %: 100.00 Redo NoWait %: 100.00
- Buffer Hit %: 99.62 In-memory Sort %: 100.00
- Library Hit %: 90.06 Soft Parse %: 74.39
- Execute to Parse %: 74.01 Latch Hit %: 100.00
- Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 14.29 % Non-Parse CPU: 98.41
- Shared Pool Statistics Begin End
- ------ ------
- Memory Usage %: 21.05 20.98
- % SQL with executions>1: 54.05 60.06
- % Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 80.51 83.00
- Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total
- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call
- Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time
- ----------------------------------------- ------------ ----------- ------ ------
- CPU time 1 70.7
- control file sequential read 189 0 1 23.6
- db file sequential read 8 0 3 2.5
- control file parallel write 27 0 1 1.9
- log file sync 1 0 5 .6
- .....................
- .........................
- ...........................
STATSPACK report for Database DB Id Instance Inst Num Startup Time Release RAC ~~~~~~~~ ----------- ------------ -------- --------------- ----------- --- 1858440386 aaa 1 14-4月 -10 09:2 10.2.0.1.0 NO 2 Host Name: 6979580041BD490 Num CPUs: 2 Phys Memory (MB): 3,326 ~~~~ Snapshot Snap Id Snap Time Sessions Curs/Sess Comment ~~~~~~~~ ---------- ------------------ -------- --------- ------------------- Begin Snap: 1 14-4月 -10 09:52:22 15 4.3 End Snap: 2 14-4月 -10 09:53:20 15 5.8 Elapsed: 0.97 (mins) Cache Sizes Begin End ~~~~~~~~~~~ ---------- ---------- Buffer Cache: 184M Std Block Size: 8K Shared Pool Size: 380M Log Buffer: 6,860K Load Profile Per Second Per Transaction ~~~~~~~~~~~~ --------------- --------------- Redo size: 10,075.66 584,388.00 Logical reads: 58.41 3,388.00 Block changes: 18.81 1,091.00 Physical reads: 0.22 13.00 Physical writes: 0.00 0.00 User calls: 0.52 30.00 Parses: 2.83 164.00 Hard parses: 0.72 42.00 Sorts: 1.76 102.00 Logons: 0.02 1.00 Executes: 10.88 631.00 Transactions: 0.02 % Blocks changed per Read: 32.20 Recursive Call %: 99.69 Rollback per transaction %: 0.00 Rows per Sort: 70.69 Instance Efficiency Percentages ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Buffer Nowait %: 100.00 Redo NoWait %: 100.00 Buffer Hit %: 99.62 In-memory Sort %: 100.00 Library Hit %: 90.06 Soft Parse %: 74.39 Execute to Parse %: 74.01 Latch Hit %: 100.00 Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 14.29 % Non-Parse CPU: 98.41 Shared Pool Statistics Begin End ------ ------ Memory Usage %: 21.05 20.98 % SQL with executions>1: 54.05 60.06 % Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 80.51 83.00 Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time ----------------------------------------- ------------ ----------- ------ ------ CPU time 1 70.7 control file sequential read 189 0 1 23.6 db file sequential read 8 0 3 2.5 control file parallel write 27 0 1 1.9 log file sync 1 0 5 .6 ..................... ......................... ...........................
9.若想删除某个快照，制定snapid直接delete
- delete stats$snapshot where snap_id=1;
delete stats$snapshot where snap_id=1;
若想删除所有快照 ，只保留statspack结构，执行@sptrunc。脚本路径也在rdbms/admin下。若想连statspack一起干掉，也可以，请执行下面的脚本：@spdrop
从此你也可以利用statspack来了解当前数据库的运行状况了。