归并排序算法实现(C++)

归并操作(merge),也叫归并算法,指的是将两个已经排序的序列合并成一个序列的操作[1]。


下面是百度百科上的一个例子:
  如 设有数列{6,202,100,301,38,8,1}
  初始状态: [6] [202] [100] [301] [38] [8] [1] 比较次数
  i=1 [6 202 ] [ 100 301] [ 8 38] [ 1 ] 3
  i=2 [ 6 100 202 301 ] [ 1 8 38 ] 4

  i=3 [ 1 6 8 38 100 202 301 ] 4


根据例子实现的算法为:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int a[] = {6,202,100,301,38,8,1};
void merge_array(int a[], int n, int b[],int m, int c[]);
void merge_sort(int a[], int first, int last, int temp[]);
int main()
{
	cout<<"Before Sort: ";
    for(int i=0; i<7; i++)
		 cout<<a[i]<<" ";
	  cout<<endl;
	  int temp[7];
	  merge_sort(a,0,6,temp);
    cout<<"After Sort: ";
	  for(int i=0; i<7; i++)
		  cout<<a[i]<<" ";
	  cout<<endl;
	 system("pause");
}
void merge_array(int a[], int first, int mid,int last, int c[])
{
	int i = first ,j = mid+1,k=0;
	while(i<=mid && j<=last)
	{
		if(a[i]>a[j])
			c[k++] = a[j++];
		else
			c[k++] = a[i++];
	}
	while(i<=mid)
		c[k++] = a[i++];
	while(j<=last)
		c[k++] = a[j++];
	for(int x = 0; x<k; x++)
		a[first+x] = c[x];
}


void merge_sort(int a[], int first, int last, int temp[])
{
	if(first<last)
	{
		int mid = (first+last)/2;
		merge_sort(a, first, mid, temp);
		merge_sort(a, mid+1, last, temp);
		merge_array(a, first, mid, last, temp);
	}
}
[1]百度百科  http://baike.baidu.com/view/90797.htm

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