用busybox 打造自己的S3C2410上的文件系统

 

2.6.24.4内核移植到s3c2440----之使用busybox-1.9.2制作根文件系统

 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

移植环境：

主机：CentOS 5.1

交叉编译器：arm-linux-gcc-3.4.1

开发板平台：S3C2440（YL-2440/YLP-2440开发板）

开始移植

 

1.       下载最新的busybox1.9.2，并解压缩。

下载busybox源代码：http://busybox.net/downloads/busybox-1.9.2.tar.bz2

交叉编译工具：同内核

解压源码：tar -jxvf busybox-1.9.2.tar.bz2

 

2.       修改Makefile中的174行的 arch和编译工具链头。

ARCH                  ?= arm

CROSS_COMPILE        ?= /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/bin/arm-linux-

 

3.       make menuconfig. 修改编译配置选项。

Busybox Setting----->

       build option-->

    [ ] Build BusyBox as a static binary (no shared libs)                     

    [*] Build shared libbusybox                                               

    [*]   Produce a binary for each applet, linked against libbusybox         

    [*]   Produce additional busybox binary linked against libbusybox          

    [ ] Build with Large File Support (for accessing files > 2 GB)  

      

installation option-->

    [*] Don't use /usr                                                     

        Applets links (as soft-links) --->                                   

     (./_install) BusyBox installation prefix 

 

Busybox Library Tuning ---> 

                              

MD5: Trade Bytes for Speed                                       

[*] Faster /proc scanning code (+100 bytes)                             

[*] Support for /etc/networks                                     

 

[*] Support for /etc/networks

[*]    Additional editing keys

[*]    vi-style line editing commands

[*]    History saving

[*]    Tab completion

[*]    Username completion

[*]    Fancy shell prompts

 

Linux Module Utilities --->

[*] Support version 2.6.x Linux kernels

 

    [*] insmod  

    [*]   Enable load map (-m) option  

    [*]     Symbols in load map 

    [*] rmmod  

    [*] lsmod 

    [*]   lsmod pretty output for 2.6.x Linux kernels  

    [*] modprobe 

    [ ]   Multiple options parsing

    [ ]   Fancy alias parsing

    ---   Options common to multiple modutils

    [ ] Support tainted module checking with new kernels

    [ ] Support version 2.2.x to 2.4.x Linux kernels

 

    [*] Support version 2.6.x Linux kernels

 

其他的用默认值

 

4．编译busybox

[kevin@localhost busybox-1.9.2]# make install

在busybox/_install 目录下会生成我们需要的文件。

5.       修改_install/bin/busybox的属性。为4755

       chmod 4755 ./_install/bin/busybox      

必须要要修改属性，否则在busybox中很多命令会受限制，比如：

$ su

su: must be suid to work properly

 

6．建立root fs的文件系统所需的目录和文件。

       Mkdir /nfsroot

       Mkdir /nfsroot/s3c2440

       在root文件夹中建立基本的目录

[root@centos s3c2440]# ls

bin    dev home linuxrc proc sbin tmp var

boot etc lib    mnt      root sys   usr

 

 

6.       以root身份建立节点文件/dev/console, /dev/null

 mknod -m 600 dev/console c 5 1

 mknod -m 666 dev/null c 1 3

 

7. 建立配置文件如下：

 

 

[root@centos etc]# more profile

#!/bin/sh

#/etc/profile:system-wide .profile file for the Bourne shells

 

echo

echo -n "Processing /etc/profile......"

 

# Set search library path

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/lib:/usr/lib

 

# set user path

export PATH=/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin

 

#Set PS1

USER = "`id -un`"

LOGNAME=$USER

PS1='[/u@/h/W]/$'

PATH=$PATH

 

echo "Done!"

 

[root@centos etc]# more init.d/rcS

#!/bin/sh

 

# set hostname, needed host file in /etc directory

#./etc/host

hostname `cat /etc/host`

 

# mount all filesystem defined in "fstab"

echo "#mount all......."

/bin/mount -a

 

#+yangdk

/bin/chmod 0666 /dev/null

 

echo "# starting mdev...."

/bin/echo /sbin/mdev > /proc/sys/kernel/hotplug

mdev -s

 

/usr/etc/init

 

echo "******************************************"

echo " yangdk linux-2.6.24.4 boot               "

echo " 2008-5-9                "

echo "                          "

echo "******************************************"

 

[root@centos etc]# more

fstab      host       inittab    passwd     shadow    

group       init.d/    mdev.conf profile   

[root@centos etc]# more fstab

proc     /proc   proc defaults 0 0

none     /tmp    ramfs   defaults 0 0

none     /var    ramfs   defaults 0 0

mdev     /dev    ramfs   defaults 0 0

sysfs    /sys    sysfs   defaults 0 0

 

[root@centos etc]# more inittab

::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS

::respawn:-/bin/sh

 

tty2::askfirst:-/bin/sh

 

::ctrlaltdel:/bin/umount -a -r

 

::shutdown:/bin umount -a -r

::shutdown:/sbin/swapoff -a

 

 

[root@centos etc]# more ../usr/etc/init

#!/bin/sh

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.111 up

ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 

 

8．建立文件/etc/mdev.conf，内容为空

[root@centos etc]# vi mdev.conf

 

9．复制主机/etc/下面的文件passwd, group, shadow文件到/etc

[root@centos etc]# cp /etc/group .

[root@centos etc]# cp /etc/passwd .

[root@centos etc]# cp /etc/shadow .

ok，所需要的文件都已经建立ok了

[root@centos etc]# ls

fstab group host init.d inittab mdev.conf passwd profile shadow

 

10.复制刚刚编译的busybox到/root目录下

[root@centos _install]# sudo cp -Rfv * /nfsroot/s3c2440

 

11.因为是编译的时候使用的是动态链接。所以先看看/busybox/_install/bin/busybox使用了哪些lib，然后从glibc复制相应的lib到/nfsroot/s3c2440/lib中。

[root@centos bin]# /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux-gnu-readelf -d busybox

 

 

Dynamic section at offset 0xb8014 contains 22 entries:

 Tag         Type                         Name/Value

 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                      Shared library:[libcrypt.so.1]

 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                      Shared library: [libm.so.6]

 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                      Shared library: [libc.so.6]

 0x0000000c (INIT)                        0xc04c

 0x0000000d (FINI)                        0xa26f0

 0x00000004 (HASH)                        0x80e8

 0x00000005 (STRTAB)                      0xa384

 0x00000006 (SYMTAB)                      0x8b24

……

……

……

复制lib 文件到lib目录下：

[root@centos lib]cp /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib/ld* .

[root@centos lib]cp /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib/libc-2.3.2.so .

[root@centos lib]cp /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib/libc.so.6 .

[root@centos lib]cp /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib/libm * .

[root@centos lib]cp /usr/local/arm/3.4.1/arm-linux/lib/libcrypt* .

 

 

12．使用工具mkcramfs将整个s3c2440文件夹制作成文件系统

[root@centos nfsroot]# mkcramfs s3c2440 fs_2.6.24.4_busybox.cramfs -e 2.6.24.4

下载并烧录到nandflash中。启动…

 

 

Read chip id = ec76

Nand flash status = c0

Set boot params = root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc load_ramdisk=0 console=ttySAC1,115200 mem=65536K devfs=mount

Load Kernel...

Linux version 2.6.24.4 (root@centos) (gcc version 3.4.1) #49 Wed May 7 18:57:08 CST 2008

CPU: ARM920T [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T), cr=c0007177

Machine: SMDK2410

ATAG_INITRD is deprecated; please update your bootloader.

Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback

CPU S3C2440A (id 0x32440001)

S3C244X: core 400.000 MHz, memory 100.000 MHz, peripheral 50.000 MHz

S3C24XX Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on

CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache

CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets

CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets

Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 16256

Kernel command line: root=/dev/mtdblock2 init=/linuxrc load_ramdisk=0 console=ttySAC1,115200 mem=65536K devfs=mount

irq: clearing pending ext status 0005f600

irq: clearing subpending status 0000009a

irq: clearing subpending status 00000092

PID hash table entries: 256 (order: 8, 1024 bytes)

timer tcon=00590000, tcnt a2c1, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001eb8

Console: colour dummy device 80x30

console [ttySAC1] enabled

Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)

Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)

Memory: 64MB = 64MB total

Memory: 61628KB available (2824K code, 299K data, 120K init)

Mount-cache hash table entries: 512

CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok

net_namespace: 64 bytes

NET: Registered protocol family 16

S3C2410 Power Management, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

S3C2440: Initialising architecture

S3C2440: IRQ Support

S3C2440: Clock Support, DVS off

S3C24XX DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004,2006 Simtec Electronics

DMA channel 0 at c4800000, irq 33

DMA channel 1 at c4800040, irq 34

DMA channel 2 at c4800080, irq 35

DMA channel 3 at c48000c0, irq 36

usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs

usbcore: registered new interface driver hub

usbcore: registered new device driver usb

NET: Registered protocol family 2

IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)

TCP established hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)

TCP bind hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)

TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 2048)

TCP reno registered

NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision)

JFFS2 version 2.2. (NAND) 漏 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.

io scheduler noop registered

io scheduler anticipatory registered (default)

io scheduler deadline registered

io scheduler cfq registered

s3c2410-lcd s3c2410-lcd: no platform data for lcd, cannot attach

s3c2410-lcd: probe of s3c2410-lcd failed with error -22

lp: driver loaded but no devices found

ppdev: user-space parallel port driver

Serial: 8250/16550 driver $Revision: 1.90 $ 4 ports, IRQ sharing enabled

s3c2440-uart.0: s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq = 70) is a S3C2440

s3c2440-uart.1: s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq = 73) is a S3C2440

s3c2440-uart.2: s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 76) is a S3C2440

RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize

loop: module loaded

Cirrus Logic CS8900A driver for Linux (Modified for SMDK2410)

+yangdk-->debug:PP_IntNum: 21844

+yangdk-->debug2:PP_IntNum: 21840

eth0: CS8900A rev E at 0xe0000300 irq=53, addr: 00: 0:3E:26:0A: 0

Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00alpha2

ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx

S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

s3c2440-nand s3c2440-nand: Tacls=1, 10ns Twrph0=4 40ns, Twrph1=1 10ns

NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit)

NAND_ECC_NONE selected by board driver. This is not recommended !!

Scanning device for bad blocks

Creating 4 MTD partitions on "NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit":

0x00000000-0x00030000 : "Bootloader"

0x00030000-0x00200000 : "Linux kernel"

0x00200000-0x02000000 : "Linux rootfs"

0x02000000-0x04000000 : "User"

usbmon: debugfs is not available

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1

s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000

usb usb1: configuration #1 chosen from 1 choice

hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found

hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected

mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: slave address 0x10

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: bus frequency set to 390 KHz

s3c2440-i2c s3c2440-i2c: i2c-0: S3C I2C adapter

S3C2410 Watchdog Timer, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics

s3c2410-wdt s3c2410-wdt: watchdog inactive, reset disabled, irq enabled

TCP cubic registered

NET: Registered protocol family 1

RPC: Registered udp transport module.

RPC: Registered tcp transport module.

VFS: Mounted root (cramfs filesystem) readonly.

Freeing init memory: 120K

 

init started: BusyBox v1.9.2 (2008-04-16 00:31:28 CST)

 

starting pid 766, tty '': '/etc/init.d/rcS'

#mount all.......

chmod: /dev/null: No such file or directory

# starting mdev....

+yangdk--->debug:request_irq successful

******************************************

       yangdk linux-2.6.24.4 boot          

       2008-5-9                     

                                         

******************************************

 

starting pid 776, tty '': '/bin/sh'

 

Processing /etc/profile......-/bin/sh: USER: not found

Done!