一、创建项目,设置好相应属性后,点击Finish完成创建,如下图所示:
二、设置界面布局,界面如下:
通过修改项目res/layout/main.xml文件可以修改界面,一共需要三个控件,一个文本、一个文本输入框、一个按钮,按照垂直排列
界面中得文本不要直接写在main.xml文件里,最好是写在values下的xml文件里,可以自己新建一个xml文件,也可以写在strings.xml文件中,注意资源的name不能重复,这样做有两个好处:
1、便于国际化
2、节省内存,如果一段文本在很多地方都用到,则不用再每个地方都输入文本内容,只需要使用引用就可以了
string.xml数据文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="hello">Hello World, MainActivity!</string> <string name="app_name">电话拨号器</string> <string name="mobile">请输入手机号</string> <string name="button">拨打此号码</string> </resources>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/mobile" /> <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/mobile" /> <Button android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/button" android:id="@+id/button" /> </LinearLayout>这里面android:id="@+id/mobile"中@+id/mobile表示在R.java文件中会新建一个名为id的内部类,该类中会有一个属性叫mobile
public static final class id { public static final int button=0x7f050001; public static final int mobile=0x7f050000; }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="cn.itcast.phone"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0">
<application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
<activity android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
</intent-filter>
</activity>
</application>
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
</manifest>
package cn.itcast.phone; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); //找到按钮控件 Button button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button); //为按钮添加点击事件 button.setOnClickListener(new ButtonListener()); } private final class ButtonListener implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //获取用户输入的电话号码 EditText mobileText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.mobile); String mobile = mobileText.getText().toString(); //拨打电话 //参考android-sdk-windows\platforms\android-8\sources\phone下AndroidManifest.xml //文件中<activity android:name="OutgoingCallBroadcaster"开头的那一段 Intent intent = new Intent(); intent.setAction("android.intent.action.CALL"); intent.setData(Uri.parse("tel:"+mobile)); startActivity(intent); } } }
MainActivity类还有两个可以改进的地方:
一是android.intent.action.CALL可以用一个常量Intent.ACTION_CALL代替
二是将内部类改为匿名内部类,更简洁
package cn.itcast.phone; import android.app.Activity; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; public class MainActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); //找到按钮控件 Button button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button); //为按钮添加点击事件 button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //获取用户输入的电话号码 EditText mobileText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.mobile); String mobile = mobileText.getText().toString(); //拨打电话 //参考android-sdk-windows\platforms\android-8\sources\phone下AndroidManifest.xml //文件中<activity android:name="OutgoingCallBroadcaster"开头的那一段 //android.intent.action.CALL可以用一个常量Intent.ACTION_CALL代替 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL, Uri.parse("tel:"+mobile)); startActivity(intent);//内部会添加android.intent.category.DEFAULT } }); } }
<activity android:name="OutgoingCallBroadcaster" android:permission="android.permission.CALL_PHONE" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoDisplay" android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden"> <!-- CALL action intent filters, for the various ways of initiating an outgoing call. --> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.CALL" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:scheme="tel" /> </intent-filter> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.CALL" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:scheme="voicemail" /> </intent-filter> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.CALL" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" /> <data android:mimeType="vnd.android.cursor.item/phone" /> <data android:mimeType="vnd.android.cursor.item/phone_v2" /> <data android:mimeType="vnd.android.cursor.item/person" /> </intent-filter> </activity>程序中只需要设置action和data,catagory会自动添加
短信发送器
首先创建项目,创建过程同上,这里省略,创建完成后如下图所示:
界面:
layout/main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/mobile" /> <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/mobile" /> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/content" /> <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:minLines="3" android:id="@+id/content" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/button" android:id="@+id/button" /> </LinearLayout>
values/strings.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources> <string name="hello">Hello World, SMSActivity!</string> <string name="app_name">短信发送器</string> <string name="mobile">请输入手机号</string> <string name="content">请输入短信内容</string> <string name="button">发送短信</string> <string name="success">发送短信成功</string> </resources>
package cn.itcast.sms; import java.util.List; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.telephony.SmsManager; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class SMSActivity extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); Button button = (Button)this.findViewById(R.id.button); button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //获取手机号和内容 EditText mobileText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.mobile); EditText contentText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.content); String mobile = mobileText.getText().toString(); String content = contentText.getText().toString(); //发送短信 SmsManager smsManager = SmsManager.getDefault(); List<String> texts = smsManager.divideMessage(content);//如果超过70个汉字,自动拆分短信 for(String text : texts){ smsManager.sendTextMessage(mobile, null, text, null, null); } //使用吐司通知 Toast.makeText(SMSActivity.this, R.string.success, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } }); } }
在AndroidManifest.xml中添加<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" package="cn.itcast.sms" android:versionCode="1" android:versionName="1.0"> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".SMSActivity" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> </application> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/> </manifest>
在模拟器上运行时,发送中文会出现乱码,在真实手机上面运行时不会出现这种情况,有兴趣的可以安装到自己手机上面试试~
短信发送器界面还可以采用另一种布局方式:RelativeLayout,效果如下:
修改main.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <LinearLayout android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/lineLayout" > <TextView android:layout_width="100dip" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/mobile" android:textSize="16sp" /> <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:phoneNumber="true" android:id="@+id/mobile" /> </LinearLayout> <TextView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/content" android:layout_below="@id/lineLayout" android:id="@+id/contentLabel" android:textSize="16sp" /> <EditText android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:minLines="3" android:layout_below="@id/contentLabel" android:id="@+id/content" /> <Button android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="@string/button" android:layout_below="@id/content" android:layout_alignParentRight="true" android:id="@+id/button" /> </RelativeLayout>