Install Nginx/PHP-FPM on Fedora 20/19, CentOS/RHEL 6.5/5.10

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Install Nginx/PHP-FPM on Fedora 20/19, CentOS/RHEL 6.5/5.10

Updated by JR on Dec 2, 2013 in CentOS, Featured, Fedora, Install Guides, Linux, Most Popular, PHP, Programming, Red Hat (RHEL), Server Guides, Servers | 148 comments

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I have once writtenInstall nginx, PHP 5.3 and FastCGI on CentOS 5.5, Fedora 13, Red Hat RHEL 5.5/6 guide, but this guide is “updated” version,howto install Nginx with PHP 5.5.6 and PHP-FPM on Fedora 20/19/18/17, CentOS 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10. PHP-FPM is easier to use and configure than FastCGI and some tests says that PHP-FPM is even much more efficient than FastCGI.

Nginx (engine x) is a robust, small and high performance http server, reverse proxy server and also mail proxy server.

PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) is an alternative PHP FastCGI implementation with some additional features useful for sites of any size, especially busier sites.

Install Nginx, PHP 5.5.6 and PHP-FPM on Fedora 20/19/18/17, CentOS 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10, Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10

1. Change to root user.

sudo -i ## OR ## su -

2. Install needed repositories

Fedora 20/19/18/17 Remi repository

## Remi Dependency on Fedora 19/18/17 rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm rpm -Uvh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm   ## Fedora 20 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-20.rpm   ## Fedora 19 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-19.rpm   ## Fedora 18 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-18.rpm   ## Fedora 17 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/remi-release-17.rpm

CentOS 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10 Remi repository

## Remi Dependency on CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6 ## rpm -Uvh http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm   ## CentOS 6 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-6.rpm     ## Remi Dependency on CentOS 5 and Red Hat (RHEL) 5 ## rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm   ## CentOS 5 and Red Hat (RHEL) 5 ## rpm -Uvh http://rpms.famillecollet.com/enterprise/remi-release-5.rpm

CentOS 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/6.4/6.3/6.2/6.1/6/5.10 Nginx repository

Create file /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo and add following content to repo file:
CentOS

[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

Red Hat (RHEL)

[nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/rhel/$releasever/$basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1

3. Install Nginx, PHP 5.5.6 and PHP-FPM

Fedora 20/19

yum --enablerepo=remi install nginx php-fpm php-common

Fedora 18/17

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test install nginx php-fpm php-common

CentOS 6.5/5.10 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/5.10

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-php55 install nginx php-fpm php-common

4. Install PHP 5.5.6 modules

• APC (php-pecl-apc) – APC caches and optimizes PHP intermediate code
• CLI (php-cli) – Command-line interface for PHP
• PEAR (php-pear) – PHP Extension and Application Repository framework
• PDO (php-pdo) – A database access abstraction module for PHP applications
• MySQL (php-mysqlnd) – A module for PHP applications that use MySQL databases
• PostgreSQL (php-pgsql) – A PostgreSQL database module for PHP
• MongoDB (php-pecl-mongo) – PHP MongoDB database driver
• SQLite (php-sqlite) – Extension for the SQLite V2 Embeddable SQL Database Engine
• Memcache (php-pecl-memcache) – Extension to work with the Memcached caching daemon
• Memcached (php-pecl-memcached) – Extension to work with the Memcached caching daemon
• GD (php-gd) – A module for PHP applications for using the gd graphics library
• XML (php-xml) – A module for PHP applications which use XML
• MBString (php-mbstring) – A module for PHP applications which need multi-byte string handling
• MCrypt (php-mcrypt) – Standard PHP module provides mcrypt library support

Select what you need: APC, CLI, PEAR, PDO, MySQL, PostgreSQL, MongoDB, SQLite, Memcache, Memcached, GD, MBString, MCrypt, XML

More info about PHP APC from PHP APC Configuration and Usage Tips and Tricks

Fedora 20/19

yum --enablerepo=remi install php-pecl-apc php-cli php-pear php-pdo php-mysqlnd php-pgsql php-pecl-mongo php-sqlite php-pecl-memcache php-pecl-memcached php-gd php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-xml

Fedora 18/17

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-test install php-pecl-apc php-cli php-pear php-pdo php-mysqlnd php-pgsql php-pecl-mongo php-sqlite php-pecl-memcache php-pecl-memcached php-gd php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-xml

CentOS 6.5/5.10 and Red Hat (RHEL) 6.5/5.10

yum --enablerepo=remi,remi-php55 install php-pecl-apc php-cli php-pear php-pdo php-mysqlnd php-pgsql php-pecl-mongo php-sqlite php-pecl-memcache php-pecl-memcached php-gd php-mbstring php-mcrypt php-xml

5. Stop httpd (Apache) server, Start Nginx HTTP server and PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager)

Stop httpd (Apache)

/etc/init.d/httpd stop ## OR ## service httpd stop

Start Nginx

/etc/init.d/nginx start ## use restart after update ## OR ## service nginx start ## use restart after update

Start PHP-FPM

/etc/init.d/php-fpm start ## use restart after update ## OR ## service php-fpm start ## use restart after update

6. Autostart Nginx and PHP-FPM on boot, also prevent httpd (Apache) autostarting on boot

Prevent httpd (Apache) autostarting on boot

chkconfig httpd off

Autostart Nginx on boot

Fedora

systemctl enable nginx.service

CentOS / Red Hat (RHEL)

chkconfig --add nginx chkconfig --levels 235 nginx on

Autostart PHP-FPM on boot

Fedora

systemctl enable php-fpm.service

CentOS / Red Hat (RHEL)

chkconfig --add php-fpm chkconfig --levels 235 php-fpm on

7. Configure Nginx and PHP-FPM

Create directory layout for your site

I use here testsite.local site, but this could of course be your real site, likewww.if-not-true-then-false.com.

## public_html directory and logs directory ## mkdir -p /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html mkdir /srv/www/testsite.local/logs chown -R apache:apache /srv/www/testsite.local

Alternative setup to add logs under /var/log directory.

## public_html directory and logs directory ## mkdir -p /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html mkdir -p /var/log/nginx/testsite.local chown -R apache:apache /srv/www/testsite.local chown -R nginx:nginx /var/log/nginx

Note: I use apache user and group here, because PHP-FPM runs as apache default (apache choosed to be able to access some dir as httpd). If you use some other user on your php-fpm conf then change this accordingly.

Create and configure virtual host directories under /etc/nginx

mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-available mkdir /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

Add following lines to /etc/nginx/nginx.conf file, after “include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf” line (inside http block).

## Load virtual host conf files. ## include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

Create testsite.local virtual host file

Add following content to /etc/nginx/sites-available/testsite.local file. This is very basic virtual host config.

server { server_name testsite.local; access_log /srv/www/testsite.local/logs/access.log; error_log /srv/www/testsite.local/logs/error.log; root /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html;   location / { index index.html index.htm index.php; }   location ~ \.php$ { include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html$fastcgi_script_name; } }

Link your virtual host to /etc/nginx/sites-enabled

cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/testsite.local service nginx restart

Add your testsite.local “domain” to /etc/hosts file

/etc/hosts file Nginx on same machine
127.0.0.1 … row should look like example following:

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost testsite.local

And if you use another machine where you are running your Nginx server, then add it’s public IP as following:

10.0.2.19 wordpress

Note: This is just very simple basic configuration, but if you want configure and optimize Nginx and PHP-FPM more then check following guide,Nginx and PHP-FPM Configuration and Optimizing Tips and Tricks

8. Test your Nginx and PHP-FPM setup

Create /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html/index.php file with following content:

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Access following address, with your browser. http://testsite.local/

Note:
If you get 403 forbidden error, then you probably have problem with SELinux, then run simply following command:

chcon -R -t httpd_sys_content_t /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html   ## Or some apps might need httpd_sys_rw_content_t ## chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /srv/www/testsite.local/public_html

Enable Remote Connection to Nginx Web Server (Open Port 80 on Iptables Firewall)

1. CentOS/Red Hat (RHEL)

1.1 Edit /etc/sysconfig/iptables file:

nano -w /etc/sysconfig/iptables

1.2 Add following INPUT rule:

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

1.3 Restart Iptables Firewall:

service iptables restart ## OR ## /etc/init.d/iptables restart

2. Fedora

2.1 Add New Rule to Firewalld

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-service=http   ## OR ##   firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add --port=80/tcp

2.2 Restart Iptables

systemctl restart iptables.service

3. Test remote connection

Access following address, with your browser. http://your.domain/