在上面的一篇文章中,有说明ByteToMessageDecoder是怎么使用的,那么这一篇就来讲讲它是怎么实现的。。
首先还是来看一下它的继承体系:
它直接继承自ChannelInboundByteHandlerAdapter类型,至于说这个类型的介绍,在前面的文章中就已经有了说明,无非是实现了那些inboundhandler的方法,不过实现的都非常的粗糙,另外一些handler可以直接继承它,重写其中自己感兴趣的方法就可以了。。。
好吧,接下来我们来看看ByteToMessageDecoder的定义吧:
public abstract class ByteToMessageDecoder extends ChannelInboundByteHandlerAdapter { private volatile boolean singleDecode; private boolean decodeWasNull; /** * If set then only one message is decoded on each {@link #inboundBufferUpdated(ChannelHandlerContext)} call. * This may be useful if you need to do some protocol upgrade and want to make sure nothing is mixed up. * * Default is {@code false} as this has performance impacts. */ public void setSingleDecode(boolean singleDecode) { this.singleDecode = singleDecode; } /** * If {@code true} then only one message is decoded on each * {@link #inboundBufferUpdated(ChannelHandlerContext)} call. * * Default is {@code false} as this has performance impacts. */ public boolean isSingleDecode() { return singleDecode; } @Override public void inboundBufferUpdated(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in) throws Exception { callDecode(ctx, in); //当有数据进来的时候,直接调用callDecode方法 } @Override public void channelReadSuspended(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { if (decodeWasNull) { decodeWasNull = false; if (!ctx.channel().config().isAutoRead()) { ctx.read(); } } super.channelReadSuspended(ctx); } @Override public void channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { OutputMessageBuf out = OutputMessageBuf.get(); try { ByteBuf in = ctx.inboundByteBuffer(); if (in.isReadable()) { callDecode(ctx, in); } decodeLast(ctx, in, out); } catch (CodecException e) { throw e; } catch (Throwable cause) { throw new DecoderException(cause); } finally { if (out.drainToNextInbound(ctx)) { ctx.fireInboundBufferUpdated(); } ctx.fireChannelInactive(); } } protected void callDecode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in) { boolean wasNull = false; OutputMessageBuf out = OutputMessageBuf.get(); try { while (in.isReadable()) { //是否有数据可以读 int outSize = out.size(); //当前存放经过转码的数据的buffer int oldInputLength = in.readableBytes(); //可以读的数据量 decode(ctx, in, out); //调用用户定义的decode方法,用来解析数据,并将解析出来的对象放到out里面 if (outSize == out.size()) { //这个表明没有解析出任何对象 wasNull = true; if (oldInputLength == in.readableBytes()) { break; //表示没有从in里面读取任何数据 } else { continue; } } wasNull = false; if (oldInputLength == in.readableBytes()) { throw new IllegalStateException( "decode() did not read anything but decoded a message."); } if (isSingleDecode()) { break; } } } catch (CodecException e) { throw e; } catch (Throwable cause) { throw new DecoderException(cause); } finally { if (out.drainToNextInbound(ctx)) { //把数据写到接下来的inboundhandler的inboundbuffer里面去 decodeWasNull = false; ctx.fireInboundBufferUpdated(); //激活下一个handler的inboundBufferUpdated方法,用于处理刚刚写进去的数据 } else { if (wasNull) { decodeWasNull = true; } } } } /** * Decode the from one {@link ByteBuf} to an other. This method will be called till either the input * {@link ByteBuf} has nothing to read anymore, till nothing was read from the input {@link ByteBuf} or till * this method returns {@code null}. * * @param ctx the {@link ChannelHandlerContext} which this {@link ByteToByteDecoder} belongs to * @param in the {@link ByteBuf} from which to read data * @param out the {@link MessageBuf} to which decoded messages should be added * @throws Exception is thrown if an error accour */ //用户自己定义的decode方法,用于将读取的byte类型的数据转化为用户自定义的类型 protected abstract void decode(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in, MessageBuf<Object> out) throws Exception; /** * Is called one last time when the {@link ChannelHandlerContext} goes in-active. Which means the * {@link #channelInactive(ChannelHandlerContext)} was triggered. * * By default this will just call {@link #decode(ChannelHandlerContext, ByteBuf, MessageBuf)} but sub-classes may * override this for some special cleanup operation. */ protected void decodeLast(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in, MessageBuf<Object> out) throws Exception { decode(ctx, in, out); } }
这里需要注意到重写的方法是inboundBufferUpdated,也就是当数据进来的时候会调用的方法,又直接调用callDecode方法来处理,而callDecode方法的实现也还算是比较的简单,上面的注释也都基本上说的比较的清楚了,无非是调用用户定义的decode方法,用于将读进来的byte数据转化为用户自己定义的数据类型,然后再将转化的结果放入到一个messagebuf里面。。。
这里可以看到decode方法是个抽象的方法,所以需要用户自己继承ByteToMessageDecoder类型,然后重写decode方法用于按照自己的规则将数据转化为自定义的类型。。。
另外比较重要的是finally部分的代码:
if (out.drainToNextInbound(ctx)) { //把数据写到接下来的inboundhandler的inboundbuffer里面去 decodeWasNull = false; ctx.fireInboundBufferUpdated(); //激活下一个handler的inboundBufferUpdated方法,用于处理刚刚写进去的数据 } else { if (wasNull) { decodeWasNull = true; } }
其实这部分看名字也都能知道这些方法的意思吧,猜都能猜出来:见当前messagebuf里面的数据写到下一个inboundhandler的buffer里面去。。。然后再激活下一个inboundhandler的inboundBufferUpdated方法,用于处理数据。。我们还是来看看drainToNextInbound方法的定义吧:
public boolean drainToNextInbound(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { final int size = size(); //当前buf存放的数据的量 if (size == 0) { return false; } //有可能是bytebuf的类型 final int byteBufCnt = this.byteBufCnt; if (byteBufCnt == 0 || ctx.nextInboundBufferType() != BufType.BYTE) { return drainTo(ctx.nextInboundMessageBuffer()) > 0; } final ByteBuf nextByteBuf = ctx.nextInboundByteBuffer(); if (byteBufCnt == size) { // Contains only ByteBufs for (Object o = poll();;) { writeAndRelease(nextByteBuf, (ByteBuf) o); if ((o = poll()) == null) { break; } } } else { // Contains both ByteBufs and non-ByteBufs (0 < byteBufCnt < size()) final MessageBuf<Object> nextMsgBuf = ctx.nextInboundMessageBuffer(); //获取下一个inboundhandler的messagebuffer for (Object o = poll();;) { //将当前buffer里面存放的message放入到下一个handler的buffer里面去 if (o instanceof ByteBuf) { writeAndRelease(nextByteBuf, (ByteBuf) o); } else { nextMsgBuf.add(o); } if ((o = poll()) == null) { break; } } } return true; }
代码还是比较的简单,无非是将数据当前buf里面的数据取出来,然后放到下一个handler的buf里面去就行了,这里需要注意的是,这里有可能也是byte类型的。。。
这样,decode出来的数据,就转移到了下一个inboundhandler的buffer里面了,那么下一个handler就可以处理这些数据了。。。
这里我们再稍微来看看ChannelInboundMessageHandlerAdapter这个类型吧,它的inboundBufferUpdated方法定义如下:
@Override public final void inboundBufferUpdated(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { ChannelHandlerUtil.handleInboundBufferUpdated(ctx, this); }很简单,我们再来看看它的具体实现吧:
public static <T> void handleInboundBufferUpdated( ChannelHandlerContext ctx, SingleInboundMessageHandler<T> handler) throws Exception { MessageBuf<Object> in = ctx.inboundMessageBuffer(); if (in.isEmpty() || !handler.beginMessageReceived(ctx)) { return; } MessageBuf<Object> out = ctx.nextInboundMessageBuffer(); int oldOutSize = out.size(); try { //这里一个循环可以看出,对于每一个解码出来的object对象,都会调用用户定义的messageReceived方法来处理 for (;;) { Object msg = in.poll(); if (msg == null) { break; } if (!handler.acceptInboundMessage(msg)) { //如果当前这个handler不支持这个类型,那么将数据写到下一个handler的buffer里面 out.add(msg); continue; } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") T imsg = (T) msg; try { handler.messageReceived(ctx, imsg); //调用用户定义的messageReceived方法来处理message } finally { BufUtil.release(imsg); } } } catch (Signal abort) { abort.expect(ABORT); } finally { if (oldOutSize != out.size()) { //这里表示由message写入到下一个inboundhandler的inbuffer里面,那么需要进行处理 ctx.fireInboundBufferUpdated(); //这里会激活下一个inboundhandler的inboundBufferUpdated方法,用于处理写进去的message } handler.endMessageReceived(ctx); } }
意思也很简单吧,将buf里面的数据一个一个的取出来,然后调用用户自己定义的messageReceived方法用于处理这些数据。。
好了,decoder就差不多了,下一篇看一下encoder吧。。。