R语言中的模型公式与图表
#####模型和公式##### #利用base包的cars数据集来讲解模型和公式这一章 cars.lm<-lm(formula=dist~speed,data=cars) cars.lm #其中的lm是估算线性模型参数的函数,formula代表公式,dist~speed就是公式,cars是数据集 #使用summary函数 summary(cars.lm) #直接调用lm或者summary lm(dist~speed,data=cars) summary(lm(dist~speed,data=cars)) #####图表##### #使用base包中的cars数据集绘图 data(cars) # dim(cars) #数据集中的列名 names(cars) summary(cars) plot(cars,xlab="Speed(mph)",ylab="Stopping distance(ft)",las=1,xlim=c(0,25))
输出：
> #####模型和公式#####
> #利用base包的cars数据集来讲解模型和公式这一章
> cars.lm<-lm(formula=dist~speed,data=cars)
> cars.lm
Call:
lm(formula = dist ~ speed, data = cars)
Coefficients:
(Intercept) speed
-17.579 3.932
> #其中的lm是估算线性模型参数的函数,formula代表公式,dist~speed就是公式,cars是数据集
> #使用summary函数
> summary(cars.lm)
Call:
lm(formula = dist ~ speed, data = cars)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-29.069 -9.525 -2.272 9.215 43.201
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -17.5791 6.7584 -2.601 0.0123 *
speed 3.9324 0.4155 9.464 1.49e-12 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 15.38 on 48 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.6511, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6438
F-statistic: 89.57 on 1 and 48 DF, p-value: 1.49e-12
> #直接调用lm或者summary
> lm(dist~speed,data=cars)
Call:
lm(formula = dist ~ speed, data = cars)
Coefficients:
(Intercept) speed
-17.579 3.932
> summary(lm(dist~speed,data=cars))
Call:
lm(formula = dist ~ speed, data = cars)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-29.069 -9.525 -2.272 9.215 43.201
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -17.5791 6.7584 -2.601 0.0123 *
speed 3.9324 0.4155 9.464 1.49e-12 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 ‘***’ 0.001 ‘**’ 0.01 ‘*’ 0.05 ‘.’ 0.1 ‘ ’ 1
Residual standard error: 15.38 on 48 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.6511, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6438
F-statistic: 89.57 on 1 and 48 DF, p-value: 1.49e-12
>
> #####图表#####
> #使用base包中的cars数据集绘图
> data(cars)
> #
> dim(cars)
[1] 50 2
> #数据集中的列名
> names(cars)
[1] "speed" "dist"
> summary(cars)
speed dist
Min. : 4.0 Min. : 2.00
1st Qu.:12.0 1st Qu.: 26.00
Median :15.0 Median : 36.00
Mean :15.4 Mean : 42.98
3rd Qu.:19.0 3rd Qu.: 56.00
Max. :25.0 Max. :120.00
> plot(cars,xlab="Speed(mph)",ylab="Stopping distance(ft)",las=1,xlim=c(0,25))
>
图表：
