服务器性能监控之WMI

1.WMI简介
WMI是英文Windows Management Instrumentation的简写，通过使用WMI，我们可以获取本地或远程服务器的性能参数和进程运行情况，以及大部分硬件信息，但前提是运行的用户要有足够的权限，如administrator组用户等。这也是做负载均衡所需要且比较方便快捷的途径。

2.使用时首先添加System.Management.dll，然后引用

using System.Management;

3.定义远程访问 

public  class ManagementConnectPool
     ... {
        private static System.Management.ConnectionOptions Conn = new ConnectionOptions() ;
        private static ManagementObjectSearcher mos = new ManagementObjectSearcher();
        private string username = "";
        private string pwd = "";
        private string space="";
        private string server = "";

        public ManagementConnectPool(string mpusername,string mppwd , string mpspace ,string mpserver)
        ...{
            this.username = mpusername;
            this.pwd = mppwd;
            this.space = mpspace;
            this.server = mpserver;
            Conn.Username = mpusername;
            Conn.Password = mppwd;
            string scopestring ="//" + mpserver + mpspace;
            System.Management.ManagementScope Ms = new ManagementScope(scopestring);
            Ms.Connect();
            mos.Scope = Ms;
        }

        public ManagementObjectCollection getQueryResult(string queryString)
        ...{
            ObjectQuery oq = new ObjectQuery();
            oq.QueryString = queryString;
            mos.Query = oq;
            ManagementObjectCollection moc =mos.Get();
            return moc;
        }
    }

4.获取CPU，内存，网络流量等信息

public  class Monitor
     ... { 
        private string username = "";
        private string pwd ="";
        private string ip = "";
        ManagementConnectPool mcp;
        WMSServerClass server;
        

        public Monitor(string username,string pwd,string ip)...{
            this.username = username;
            this.pwd = pwd ;
            this.ip = ip;
            mcp = new ManagementConnectPool(username,pwd,"/root/cimv2",ip);
            server = new WMSServerClass();
        }

        WMI方式获取网卡流量#region WMI方式获取网卡流量
        private void getNetWorkFlow()
        ...{
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = mcp.getQueryResult(@"select * from Win32_NetworkAdapter where macaddress<>null and manufacturer<>'Microsoft'");
            string[] list = new string[moc.Count] ;
            foreach(System.Management.ManagementObject mymac in moc) 
            ...{ 
                string a =  mymac["Speed"].ToString();//null WMI未实现该属性
                Console.WriteLine(a.ToString());
            }
        }
        #endregion    
            
        WMI方式获取CPU信息#region WMI方式获取CPU信息
        private void getCpuInfo()
        ...{
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = mcp.getQueryResult("select * from Win32_Processor");
            string[] list = new string[moc.Count];
            int i = 0;
            foreach(ManagementObject mo  in moc)
            ...{    
                string total = mo.GetPropertyValue("LoadPercentage").ToString();
                list[i]=total;
                i++;
            }
        }
        #endregion

        WMI方式获取内存使用率#region WMI方式获取内存使用率
        public string getMemoryUsage()
        ...{
            ManagementObjectCollection moc = mcp.getQueryResult("select * from Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration");
            int totalm = 1; int avilablem = 1;
            foreach(ManagementObject mo  in moc)
            ...{
                string total = mo.GetPropertyValue("TotalPhysicalMemory").ToString();
                totalm = int.Parse(total);
            }
            moc = mcp.getQueryResult("select * from Win32_PerfRawData_PerfOS_Memory");
            foreach(ManagementObject mo  in moc)
            ...{
                string avilable = mo.GetPropertyValue("AvailableKBytes").ToString();
                avilablem = int.Parse(avilable);
            }
            int usedm = totalm - avilablem;
            double memoryusage = (double)usedm * (double)100 / (double)totalm ;
            return memoryusage.ToString();
        }
        #endregion
}

5.获取本地机器信息（WEB）

1.如何用WMI获得指定磁盘的容量 #region 1.如何用WMI获得指定磁盘的容量
         private string DriveType(string type)
          ...{
             string rtntype="";
             switch (type)
              ...{
                 case "1":
                     rtntype="Not Type";
                     break;
                 case "2":
                     rtntype="Floppy disk";
                     break;
                 case "3":
                     rtntype="Hard disk";
                     break;
                 case "4":
                     rtntype="Removable drive or network drive";
                     break;
                 case "5":
                     rtntype="CD-ROM";
                     break;
                 case "6":
                     rtntype="RAM disk";
                     break;
                 default :
                     break;
             }
             return rtntype;
         }
 
         private void Button1_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             SelectQuery query=new SelectQuery("Select * From Win32_LogicalDisk"); 
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher=new ManagementObjectSearcher(query); 
             foreach(ManagementBaseObject disk in searcher.Get()) 
              ...{ 
                 Response.Write(disk["Name"] +" "+DriveType(disk["DriveType"].ToString()) + " " + disk["VolumeName"]+"<br>"); 
             }
         }
         #endregion
 
           2.如何用WMI获得指定磁盘的容量 #region 2.如何用WMI获得指定磁盘的容量
         private void Button2_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementObject disk = new ManagementObject("win32_logicaldisk.deviceid="c:""); 
             disk.Get(); 
             Response.Write("Logical Disk Size = " + disk["Size"] + " bytes");             
         }
         #endregion
 
           3.如何列出机器中所有的共享资源 #region 3.如何列出机器中所有的共享资源
         private void Button3_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_share"); 
             foreach (ManagementObject share in searcher.Get()) 
              ...{ 
                 Response.Write(share.GetText(TextFormat.Mof)); 
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           4.怎样写程控制让系统中的某个文件夹共享或取消共享 #region 4.怎样写程控制让系统中的某个文件夹共享或取消共享
         private void Button4_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
              /**//*首先，这需要以有相应权限的用户登录系统才行
             将 
             object[] obj = {"C:/Temp","我的共享",0,10,"Dot Net 实现的共享",""}; 
             改为 
             object[] obj = {"C:/Temp","我的共享",0,null,"Dot Net 实现的共享",""}; 
             就可以实现授权给最多用户了。
             */
             ManagementClass _class = new ManagementClass(new ManagementPath("Win32_Share"));
              object[] obj = ...{"C:/Temp","我的共享",0,10,"Dot Net 实现的共享",""};
             _class.InvokeMethod("create",obj); 
         }
         #endregion
 
           5.如何获得系统服务的运行状态 #region 5.如何获得系统服务的运行状态
         private void Button5_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             string[] lvData =  new string[4];            
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_Service"); 
             foreach (ManagementObject mo in searcher.Get()) 
              ...{ 
                 lvData[0] = mo["Name"].ToString(); 
                 lvData[1] = mo["StartMode"].ToString(); 
                 if (mo["Started"].Equals(true)) 
                     lvData[2] = "Started"; 
                 else 
                     lvData[2] = "Stop"; 
                 lvData[3] = mo["StartName"].ToString(); 
                 Response.Write(lvData[0]+lvData[1]+lvData[2]+lvData[3]);                    
             }             
         }
         #endregion
 
           6.通过WMI修改IP，而实现不用重新启动 #region 6.通过WMI修改IP，而实现不用重新启动
         private void Button6_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ReportIP(); 
             // SwitchToDHCP(); 
             SwitchToprivate(); 
             Thread.Sleep( 5000 ); 
             ReportIP(); 
             Response.Write( "end." );
         }        
         
         private void SwitchToDHCP() 
          ...{ 
             ManagementBaseObject inPar = null; 
             ManagementBaseObject outPar = null; 
             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
             foreach( ManagementObject mo in moc ) 
              ...{ 
                 if( ! (bool) mo["IPEnabled"] ) 
                     continue; 
 
                 inPar = mo.GetMethodParameters("EnableDHCP"); 
                 outPar = mo.InvokeMethod( "EnableDHCP", inPar, null ); 
                 break; 
             } 
         } 
 
         private void SwitchToprivate() 
          ...{ 
             ManagementBaseObject inPar = null; 
             ManagementBaseObject outPar = null; 
             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
             foreach( ManagementObject mo in moc ) 
              ...{ 
                 if( ! (bool) mo[ "IPEnabled" ] ) 
                     continue; 
 
                 inPar = mo.GetMethodParameters( "Enableprivate" ); 
                  inPar["IPAddress"] = new string[] ...{ "192.168.1.1" }; 
                  inPar["SubnetMask"] = new string[] ...{ "255.255.255.0" }; 
                 outPar = mo.InvokeMethod( "Enableprivate", inPar, null ); 
                 break; 
             } 
         } 
 
         private void ReportIP() 
          ...{ 
             Response.Write( "****** Current IP addresses:" ); 
             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
             foreach( ManagementObject mo in moc ) 
              ...{ 
                 if( ! (bool) mo[ "IPEnabled" ] ) 
                     continue; 
 
                 string str="{0}  SVC: '{1}' MAC: [{2}]";
                 str= string.Format(mo["Caption"].ToString(), mo["ServiceName"].ToString(),mo["MACAddress"].ToString());
 
                 Response.Write(str); 
 
                 string[] addresses = (string[]) mo[ "IPAddress" ]; 
                 string[] subnets = (string[]) mo[ "IPSubnet" ]; 
 
                 Response.Write( " Addresses :" ); 
                 foreach(string sad in addresses) 
                     Response.Write(sad+"<br>"); 
 
                 Response.Write( " Subnets :" ); 
                 foreach(string sub in subnets ) 
                     Response.Write(sub+"<br>"); 
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           7.如何利用WMI远程重启远程计算机 #region 7.如何利用WMI远程重启远程计算机
         private void Button7_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             Response.Write("Computer details retrieved using Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI)"); 
             Response.Write("mailto:[email protected]"); 
             Response.Write("=========================================================================");  
             //连接远程计算机 
             ConnectionOptions co = new ConnectionOptions(); 
             co.Username = "john"; 
             co.Password = "john"; 
             System.Management.ManagementScope ms = new System.Management.ManagementScope("//192.168.1.2/root/cimv2", co);       
             //查询远程计算机 
             System.Management.ObjectQuery oq = new System.Management.ObjectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem"); 
                    
             ManagementObjectSearcher query1 = new ManagementObjectSearcher(ms,oq); 
             ManagementObjectCollection queryCollection1 = query1.Get();             
             foreach( ManagementObject mo in queryCollection1 )  
              ...{ 
                  string[] ss=...{""}; 
                 mo.InvokeMethod("Reboot",ss); 
                 Response.Write(mo.ToString()); 
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           8.利用WMI创建一个新的进程 #region 8.利用WMI创建一个新的进程
         private void Button8_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             //Get the object on which the method will be invoked 
             ManagementClass processClass = new ManagementClass("Win32_Process"); 
 
             //Get an input parameters object for this method 
             ManagementBaseObject inParams = processClass.GetMethodParameters("Create"); 
 
             //Fill in input parameter values 
             inParams["CommandLine"] = "calc.exe"; 
 
             //Execute the method 
             ManagementBaseObject outParams = processClass.InvokeMethod ("Create", inParams, null); 
 
             //Display results 
             //Note: The return code of the method is provided in the "returnvalue" property of the outParams object 
             Response.Write("Creation of calculator process returned: " + outParams["returnvalue"]); 
             Response.Write("Process ID: " + outParams["processId"]); 
 
         }
         #endregion
 
           9.如何通过WMI终止一个进程 #region 9.如何通过WMI终止一个进程
         private void Button9_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementObject service =  
                 new ManagementObject("win32_service="winmgmt""); 
             InvokeMethodOptions options = new InvokeMethodOptions(); 
             options.Timeout = new TimeSpan(0,0,0,5);  
 
             ManagementBaseObject outParams = service.InvokeMethod("StopService", null, options);
 
             Response.Write("Return Status = " + outParams["Returnvalue"]);
         }
         #endregion
 
           10.如何用WMI 来获取远程机器的目录以及文件 #region 10.如何用WMI 来获取远程机器的目录以及文件
         private void Button10_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementObject disk = new ManagementObject(
 
                 "win32_logicaldisk.deviceid="c:"");
 
             disk.Get();
 
             Response.Write("Logical Disk Size = " + disk["Size"] + " bytes");
         }
         #endregion
 
           11.网卡的MAC地址 #region 11.网卡的MAC地址
         private void Button11_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementClass mc = new ManagementClass("Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = mc.GetInstances(); 
             foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc) 
              ...{ 
                 if((bool)mo["IPEnabled"] == true) 
                     Response.Write("MAC address"+mo["MacAddress"].ToString()+"<br>"); 
                 mo.Dispose(); 
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           12.CPU的系列号 #region 12.CPU的系列号 
         private void Button12_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             string cpuInfo = "";//cpu序列号 
             ManagementClass cimobject = new ManagementClass("Win32_Processor"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = cimobject.GetInstances(); 
             foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc) 
              ...{ 
                 cpuInfo = mo.Properties["ProcessorId"].Value.ToString(); 
                 Response.Write(cpuInfo);
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           13.主板的系列号 #region 13.主板的系列号
         private void Button13_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher=new ManagementObjectSearcher("SELECT * FROM Win32_BaseBoard");
             foreach(ManagementObject share in searcher.Get())
              ...{
                 Response.Write("主板制造商:" + share["Manufacturer"].ToString()) ;
                 Response.Write("型号:" +share["Product"].ToString()) ;
                 Response.Write("序列号:"+share["SerialNumber"].ToString()) ;
             }
         }
         #endregion
 
           14.获取硬盘ID #region 14.获取硬盘ID
         private void Button14_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             String HDid; 
             ManagementClass cimobject = new ManagementClass("Win32_DiskDrive"); 
             ManagementObjectCollection moc = cimobject.GetInstances(); 
             foreach(ManagementObject mo in moc) 
              ...{ 
                 HDid = (string)mo.Properties["Model"].Value; 
                 Response.Write(HDid);  
             } 
         }
         #endregion
 
           15.获取本机的用户列表 #region 15.获取本机的用户列表
         private void Button15_Click(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
          ...{
             SelectQuery query = new SelectQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_UserAccount");
             ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(query);
             foreach(ManagementObject os in searcher.Get())
              ...{
                 Response.Write(os["Name"]);
             }
         }
         #endregion
     }

通过上面介绍的方法，可以很轻松的获取远程或本地机器的性能，进程和硬件信息等。另外：WMI也可以通过使用Vbscript等脚本调用。

说明：其中部分资源来自网友小山的blog。但不够详细说明WMI在服务器性能方面的能力！