Spring Security3.1 最新配置实例

转至http://blog.csdn.net/k10509806/article/details/6369131

这几天学习了一下Spring Security3.1，从官网下载了Spring Security3.1版本进行练习，经过多次尝试才摸清了其中的一些原理。本人不才，希望能帮助大家。还有，这次我第二次写博客啊，文体不是很行。希望能让观看者不产生疲惫的感觉，我已经心满意足了。

一、数据库结构
     先来看一下数据库结构，采用的是基于角色-资源-用户的权限管理设计。(MySql数据库)
    为了节省篇章，只对比较重要的字段进行注释。
    1.用户表Users
    CREATE TABLE `users` (
       -- 账号是否有限 1. 是 0.否
       `enable` int(11) default NULL,
       `password` varchar(255) default NULL,
       `account` varchar(255) default NULL,
       `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
       PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
    )

   2.角色表Roles
   CREATE TABLE `roles` (
     `enable` int(11) default NULL,
     `name` varchar(255) default NULL,
     `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
   )

   3 用户_角色表users_roles
   CREATE TABLE `users_roles` (
     --用户表的外键
     `uid` int(11) default NULL,
     --角色表的外键
     `rid` int(11) default NULL,
     `urId` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`urId`),
     KEY `rid` (`rid`),
     KEY `uid` (`uid`),
    CONSTRAINT `users_roles_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`rid`) REFERENCES `roles` (`id`),
    CONSTRAINT `users_roles_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`uid`) REFERENCES `users` (`id`)
   )

   4.资源表resources
   CREATE TABLE `resources` (
     `memo` varchar(255) default NULL,
     -- 权限所对应的url地址
     `url` varchar(255) default NULL,
     --优先权
     `priority` int(11) default NULL,
     --类型
     `type` int(11) default NULL,
     --权限所对应的编码，例201代表发表文章
     `name` varchar(255) default NULL,
     `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
     PRIMARY KEY  (`id`)
   )

   5.角色_资源表roles_resources
    CREATE TABLE `roles_resources` (
      `rsid` int(11) default NULL,
      `rid` int(11) default NULL,
      `rrId` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
      PRIMARY KEY  (`rrId`),
      KEY `rid` (`rid`),
      KEY `roles_resources_ibfk_2` (`rsid`),
      CONSTRAINT `roles_resources_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`rsid`) REFERENCES `resources` (`id`),
      CONSTRAINT `roles_resources_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`rid`) REFERENCES `roles` (`id`)
      )

  二、系统配置
   所需要的jar包，请自行到官网下载，我用的是Spring Security3.1.0.RC1版的。把dist下的除了源码件包导入就行了。还有那些零零碎的   数据库驱动啊，log4j.jar等等，我相信在用Spring Security之前，大家已经会的了。
  1） web.xml

     <!-- Spring -->
  <context-param>
	<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
	<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml,classpath:applicationContext-security.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  
	
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 权限 -->
  <filter>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
        </filter-class>
   </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

这里主要是配置了让容器启动的时候加载application-security.xml和Spring Security的权限过滤器代理,让其过滤所有的客服请求。
2）application-security.xml

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">
                        
    <global-method-security pre-post-annotations="enabled" /> 
    <!-- 该路径下的资源不用过滤 -->           
    <http pattern="/js/**" security="none"/>
    <http use-expressions="true" auto-config="true">
    	
        <form-login />
        <logout/>
        <!-- 实现免登陆验证 -->
        <remember-me />
        <session-management invalid-session-url="/timeout.jsp">
            <concurrency-control max-sessions="10" error-if-maximum-exceeded="true" />
        </session-management>
		<custom-filter ref="myFilter" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/>
    </http>
    <!-- 配置过滤器 -->
    <beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.huaxin.security.MySecurityFilter">
    	<!-- 用户拥有的权限 -->
    	<beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="myAuthenticationManager" />
    	<!-- 用户是否拥有所请求资源的权限 -->
    	<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager" ref="myAccessDecisionManager" />
    	<!-- 资源与权限对应关系 -->
    	<beans:property name="securityMetadataSource" ref="mySecurityMetadataSource" />
    </beans:bean>
    <!-- 实现了UserDetailsService的Bean -->
    <authentication-manager alias="myAuthenticationManager">
        <authentication-provider user-service-ref="myUserDetailServiceImpl" />
    </authentication-manager>
    <beans:bean id="myAccessDecisionManager" class="com.huaxin.security.MyAccessDecisionManager"></beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="mySecurityMetadataSource" class="com.huaxin.security.MySecurityMetadataSource">
		<beans:constructor-arg name="resourcesDao" ref="resourcesDao"></beans:constructor-arg>
	</beans:bean>
	<beans:bean id="myUserDetailServiceImpl" class="com.huaxin.security.MyUserDetailServiceImpl">
		<beans:property name="usersDao" ref="usersDao"></beans:property>
	</beans:bean>
</beans:beans>

我们在第二个http标签下配置一个我们自定义的继承了org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor的Filter，并注入其
必须的3个组件authenticationManager、accessDecisionManager和securityMetadataSource。其作用上面已经注释了。

<custom-filter ref="myFilter" before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"/> 这里的FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR是Spring Security默认的Filter，
我们自定义的Filter必须在它之前，过滤客服请求。接下来看下我们最主要的myFilter吧。

3）myFilter
  (1) MySecurityFilter.java 过滤用户请求

     public class MySecurityFilter extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor implements Filter {
	//与applicationContext-security.xml里的myFilter的属性securityMetadataSource对应，
	//其他的两个组件，已经在AbstractSecurityInterceptor定义
	private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;

	@Override
	public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
		return this.securityMetadataSource;
	}

	public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
			FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
		FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
		invoke(fi);
	}
	
	private void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {
		// object为FilterInvocation对象
                  //super.beforeInvocation(fi);源码
		//1.获取请求资源的权限
		//执行Collection<ConfigAttribute> attributes = SecurityMetadataSource.getAttributes(object);
		//2.是否拥有权限
		//this.accessDecisionManager.decide(authenticated, object, attributes);
		InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
		try {
			fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
		} finally {
			super.afterInvocation(token, null);
		}
	}

	public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {
		return securityMetadataSource;
	}

	public void setSecurityMetadataSource(FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource) {
		this.securityMetadataSource = securityMetadataSource;
	}
	
	public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
	}
	
	public void destroy() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		
	}

	@Override
	public Class<? extends Object> getSecureObjectClass() {
		//下面的MyAccessDecisionManager的supports方面必须放回true,否则会提醒类型错误
		return FilterInvocation.class;
	}
}

核心的InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);会调用我们定义的accessDecisionManager:decide(Object object)和securityMetadataSource
  :getAttributes(Object object)方法。

（2）MySecurityMetadataSource.java

  //1 加载资源与权限的对应关系
public class MySecurityMetadataSource implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {
	//由spring调用
	public MySecurityMetadataSource(ResourcesDao resourcesDao) {
		this.resourcesDao = resourcesDao;
		loadResourceDefine();
	}

	private ResourcesDao resourcesDao;
	private static Map<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> resourceMap = null;

	public ResourcesDao getResourcesDao() {
		return resourcesDao;
	}

	public void setResourcesDao(ResourcesDao resourcesDao) {
		this.resourcesDao = resourcesDao;
	}

	public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return null;
	}

	public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return true;
	}
	//加载所有资源与权限的关系
	private void loadResourceDefine() {
		if(resourceMap == null) {
			resourceMap = new HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>();
			List<Resources> resources = this.resourcesDao.findAll();
			for (Resources resource : resources) {
				Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();
                                //以权限名封装为Spring的security Object
				ConfigAttribute configAttribute = new SecurityConfig(resource.getName());
				configAttributes.add(configAttribute);
				resourceMap.put(resource.getUrl(), configAttributes);
			}
		}
		
		Set<Entry<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>> resourceSet = resourceMap.entrySet();
		Iterator<Entry<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>> iterator = resourceSet.iterator();
		
	}
	//返回所请求资源所需要的权限
	public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
		
		String requestUrl = ((FilterInvocation) object).getRequestUrl();
		System.out.println("requestUrl is " + requestUrl);
		if(resourceMap == null) {
			loadResourceDefine();
		}
		return resourceMap.get(requestUrl);
	}

}

这里的resourcesDao，熟悉Dao设计模式和Spring 注入的朋友应该看得明白。

（3）MyUserDetailServiceImpl.java

  public class MyUserDetailServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {
	
	private UsersDao usersDao;
	public UsersDao getUsersDao() {
		return usersDao;
	}

	public void setUsersDao(UsersDao usersDao) {
		this.usersDao = usersDao;
	}
	
	public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
		System.out.println("username is " + username);
		Users users = this.usersDao.findByName(username);
		if(users == null) {
			throw new UsernameNotFoundException(username);
		}
		Collection<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuths = obtionGrantedAuthorities(users);
		
		boolean enables = true;
		boolean accountNonExpired = true;
		boolean credentialsNonExpired = true;
		boolean accountNonLocked = true;
		
		User userdetail = new User(users.getAccount(), users.getPassword(), enables, accountNonExpired, credentialsNonExpired, accountNonLocked, grantedAuths);
		return userdetail;
	}
	
	//取得用户的权限
	private Set<GrantedAuthority> obtionGrantedAuthorities(Users user) {
		Set<GrantedAuthority> authSet = new HashSet<GrantedAuthority>();
		Set<Roles> roles = user.getRoles();
		
		for(Roles role : roles) {
			Set<Resources> tempRes = role.getResources();
			for(Resources res : tempRes) {
				authSet.add(new GrantedAuthorityImpl(res.getName()));
s			}
		}
		return authSet;
	}
}

(4) MyAccessDecisionManager.java

  public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {
	
	public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
		if(configAttributes == null) {
			return;
		}
		//所请求的资源拥有的权限(一个资源对多个权限)
		Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iterator = configAttributes.iterator();
		while(iterator.hasNext()) {
			ConfigAttribute configAttribute = iterator.next();
			//访问所请求资源所需要的权限
			String needPermission = configAttribute.getAttribute();
			System.out.println("needPermission is " + needPermission);
			//用户所拥有的权限authentication
			for(GrantedAuthority ga : authentication.getAuthorities()) {
				if(needPermission.equals(ga.getAuthority())) {
					return;
				}
			}
		}
		//没有权限
		throw new AccessDeniedException(" 没有权限访问！ ");
	}

	public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return true;
	}

	public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		return true;
	}
	
}

三、流程
1）容器启动(MySecurityMetadataSource：loadResourceDefine加载系统资源与权限列表)
2）用户发出请求
3）过滤器拦截(MySecurityFilter:doFilter)
4）取得请求资源所需权限(MySecurityMetadataSource:getAttributes)
5）匹配用户拥有权限和请求权限(MyAccessDecisionManager:decide)，如果用户没有相应的权限，
     执行第6步，否则执行第7步。
6）登录
7）验证并授权(MyUserDetailServiceImpl:loadUserByUsername)
8）重复4,5

四、结束语
好了，终于写完了，回头看了一下，感觉不是怎么行。等我弄明白Spring Security它的原理之后，再回头修改下注释吧。大家觉得不妥的地方，可以留言，我会回复大家的。