用python的soaplib模块实现WSDL和SOAP协议的web service

IBM开发者网络上和dive into python上的python web service的例子大多是用ZSI和SOAPpy实现的基于WSDL和SOAP协议的web service，但这两个包已经三四年没有维护了，它们依赖的包也不再维护了，在python2.5以上版本中安装时也会有警告。

好在有一个更好的包可以实现WSDL和SOAP，它就是soaplib，目前版本是0.8.1，可以通过eazy_install进行安装（soaplib依赖lxml和pytz）。
官方URL:http://wiki.github.com/jkp/soaplib/
但这个包的文档几乎没有，文档URL：http://github.com/jkp/soaplib/blob/master/README.markdown

soaplib实现WSDL和SOAP协议的机制：
先写python程序，发布成web service之后，可以通过url获取到soaplib自动生成的wsdl文件。

以下是server的示例代码：

cdrcheck.py





# coding: utf-8
from soaplib.wsgi_soap import SimpleWSGISoapApp
from soaplib.service import soapmethod
from soaplib.serializers.clazz import ClassSerializer
from soaplib.serializers.primitive import String, Integer, Array, DateTime


'''
This is a simple cdrcheck program writing using soaplib, 
starting a server, and creating a service client. 
'''

class Cdrstatus(ClassSerializer):
    """
    the class the soapmethod will return.
    """
    class types:
        hostname = String
        ip = String
        cdrtype = String
        status = Integer
        comment = String
        reporttime = String
        sn = String


class CdrstatusService(SimpleWSGISoapApp):
    
    @soapmethod(String, _returns=Array(Cdrstatus))
    def get_Cdrstatus(self,user):
    	'''
        Docstrings for service methods appear as documentation in the wsdl
        <b>return the status of each kind of cdrs</b>
	    @return the Cdrstatus.
	    这个方法接受一个参数，客户端在调用这个方法时，必须传一个参数
	    返回值是一个列表，列表中的元素是Cdrstatus类的实例
    	'''
                
        from cdrstat import cdr_stat
        
        cdr_status_dict = cdr_stat()
        
        cdr_status = []

        for probe_info in cdr_status_dict.keys():
            for cdrtype in cdr_status_dict[probe_info].keys():
                #实例化Cdrstatus类
                c = Cdrstatus()
                c.hostname = probe_info[1]
                c.ip = probe_info[2]
                c.cdrtype = cdrtype
                c.status = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][1]
                c.comment = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][2]
                c.reporttime = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][0]
                c.sn = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][3]
    
                cdr_status.append(c)

        return cdr_status

def make_client():
    """
        这个函数是这个web service的客户端，在服务端程序中不是必须的。
    """
    from soaplib.client import make_service_client
    #client = make_service_client('http://10.168.68.18:8000/',CdrstatusService())
    client = make_service_client('http://10.168.86.169:7889/',CdrstatusService())
    return client
    
if __name__=='__main__':
    try:
        from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
        #10.168.86.169，7889为服务绑定的IP地址和端口
        #这个WS的WSDL的URL为http://10.168.86.169:7889/cdrcheck?wsdl
        server = make_server('10.168.86.169', 7889, CdrstatusService())
        server.serve_forever()
    except ImportError:
        #wsgiref这个模块需要python2.5以上的版本，可以使用其它服务器进行部署
        print "Error: example server code requires Python >= 2.5"






from soaplib.wsgi_soap import


 SimpleWSGISoapApp
from soaplib.service import


 soapmethod
from soaplib.serializers.clazz import


 ClassSerializer
from soaplib.serializers.primitive import


 String, Integer, Array, DateTime


'''
This is a simple cdrcheck program writing using soaplib, 
starting a server, and creating a service client. 
'''

class


 Cdrstatus(ClassSerializer):
    """
    the class


 the soapmethod will return


.
    """
    class


 types


:
        hostname = String
        ip = String
        cdrtype = String
        status = Integer
        comment = String
        reporttime = String
        sn = String


class


 CdrstatusService(SimpleWSGISoapApp):
    
    @soapmethod(String, _returns=Array(Cdrstatus))
    def


 get_Cdrstatus(self,user


):
    	'''
        Docstrings for service methods appear as documentation in the wsdl
        <b>return


 the status of each kind of cdrs</b>
	    @return


 the Cdrstatus.
	    这个方法接受一个参数，客户端在调用这个方法时，必须传一个参数
	    返回值是一个列表，列表中的元素是Cdrstatus类的实例
    	'''
                
        from cdrstat import


 cdr_stat
        
        cdr_status_dict = cdr_stat()
        
        cdr_status = []

        for probe_info in cdr_status_dict.keys():
            for cdrtype in cdr_status_dict[probe_info].keys():
                #实例化Cdrstatus类
                c = Cdrstatus()
                c.hostname = probe_info[1]
                c.ip = probe_info[2]
                c.cdrtype = cdrtype
                c.status = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][1]
                c.comment = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][2]
                c.reporttime = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][0]
                c.sn = cdr_status_dict[probe_info][cdrtype][3]
    
                cdr_status.append(c)

        return


 cdr_status

def


 make_client():
    """
        这个函数是这个web service的客户端，在服务端程序中不是必须的。
    """
    from soaplib.client import


 make_service_client
    #client = make_service_client('http://10.168.68.18:8000/',CdrstatusService())



    client = make_service_client('http://10.168.86.169:7889/',CdrstatusService())



    return


 client
    
if


 __name__=='__main__


':
    try:
        from wsgiref.simple_server import


 make_server
        #10.168.86.169，7889为服务绑定的IP地址和端口
        #这个WS的WSDL的URL为http://10.168.86.169:7889/cdrcheck?wsdl



        server = make_server('10.168.86.169', 7889, CdrstatusService())
        server.serve_forever()
    except ImportError:
        #wsgiref这个模块需要python2.5以上的版本，可以使用其它服务器进行部署
        print


 "Error: example server code requires Python >= 2.5


"



运行程序后，通过浏览器访问这个WS的WSDL的URL：http://10.168.86.169:7889/cdrcheck?wsdl



 如果访问时报错，请删除程序中的中文注释。

客户端代码如下：

cdrcheck_client.py





from cdrcheck import CdrstatusService
from cdrcheck import make_client

import lxml.etree as et

a = make_client()

b=a.get_Cdrstatus('ss')

for each in b:
    print each.sn,each.reporttime,each.hostname

from cdrcheck import


 CdrstatusService
from cdrcheck import


 make_client

import


 lxml.etree as et

a = make_client()

b=a.get_Cdrstatus('ss')

for each in b:
    print


 each.sn,each.reporttime,each.hostna

简单的例子可以参考官方文档。