iPhone开发进阶（4） --- 使用Makefile自动编译iPhone程序

Xcode 也支持以命令行形式来编译 iPhone 程序。另外还可以手动的编写 Makefile 文件，实现编译→安装的自动化批处理过程。如果你习惯了命令行的操作方式（linux,unix），那么这样的操作还是很方便的。

首先看看 Xcode 的命令行格式：

1 2	xcodebuild -target Project_Name xcodebuild install -target Project_Name

下面我们来实现程序的编译，并通过 ldid 转换编码格式，最后用 ssh 将编译好的程序安装到 iPhone 上的 /Applications/目录下。

首先安装 ssh 的公开密匙到 iPhone 上

1). 在Mac的终端上产生密匙

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ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/home/xxxx/.ssh/id_rsa): Created directory '/home/xxxx/.ssh'. Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): xxx Enter same passphrase again: xxx Your identification has been saved in /home/xxxx/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /home/xxxx/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: e4:e8:b7:05:06:b3:f0:ff:af:13:fc:50:6a:5b:d1:b5 [email protected]

过程中会提问你通行证（passphrase），输入你常用的秘密。

2). 在 iPhone 上创建.ssh目录（iPhone的IP地址是10.0.2.2）

1	ssh [email protected] 'mkdir -p .ssh'

如果问道你iPhone root password，输入 alpine。

3). 拷贝刚才生成的公开密匙到 iPhone

1	cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh [email protected] 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'

如果问道你iPhone root password，输入 alpine。

4). 在 iPhone 上编辑 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 文件

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#将 #StrictModes yes #PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys #替换为 StrictModes no PubkeyAuthentication yes AuthorizedKeysFile .ssh/authorized_keys

5). 重新启动iPhone

接下来，编译生成ldid工具

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wget http://svn.telesphoreo.org/trunk/data/ldid/ldid-1.0.610.tgz tar -zxf ldid-1.0.610.tgz # 如果是 PowerPC 下载下面的补丁 # wget -qO- http://fink.cvs.sourceforge.net/viewvc/*checkout*/fink/dists/10.4/unstable/crypto/finkinfo/ldid.patch?revision=1.1 | patch -p0 cd ldid-1.0.610 g++ -I . -o util/ldid{,.cpp} -x c util/{lookup2,sha1}.c sudo cp -a util/ldid /usr/bin

最后，让我们看看Makefile中都有什么

项目中的文件如下所示：

Classes : source code (.m .c .cpp etc)

Resources : png file and other support files

Project folder : *.xib Info.plist

 

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Makefile: Select all PREFIX = arm-apple-darwin9- ###///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ### Executable files ###///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// CC = $(PREFIX)gcc CXX = $(PREFIX)g++ LD = $(CC) AR = $(PREFIX)ar STRIP = $(PREFIX)strip OBJCOPY = $(PREFIX)objcopy #################################################################################### ## debug/release DEBUG ?= n DEVEL ?= n ## SDK版本 SDKVER = 3.1.2 ## iPhone的IP地址 IPHONE_IP = 10.0.2.2 ## iPhone SDK路径 IPHONESDK = /Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneOS$(SDKVER).sdk ## include 路径 INCPATH += -I"$(IPHONESDK)/usr/include" INCPATH += -I"/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/lib/gcc/arm-apple-darwin9/4.2/include/" INCPATH += -I"/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/include/" INCPATH += -I"/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneSimulator.platform/Developer/SDKs/iPhoneSimulator$(SDKVER).sdk/usr/include" ## 标准库或者框架的设置 LDFLAGS= -lobjc / -bind_at_load / -multiply_defined suppress / -w LDFLAGS += -framework CoreFoundation LDFLAGS += -framework Foundation LDFLAGS += -framework UIKit LDFLAGS += -framework CoreGraphics #LDFLAGS += -framework AddressBookUI #LDFLAGS += -framework AddressBook #LDFLAGS += -framework QuartzCore #LDFLAGS += -framework GraphicsServices #LDFLAGS += -framework CoreSurface #LDFLAGS += -framework CoreAudio #LDFLAGS += -framework Celestial #LDFLAGS += -framework AudioToolbox #LDFLAGS += -framework WebCore #LDFLAGS += -framework WebKit #LDFLAGS += -framework SystemConfiguration #LDFLAGS += -framework CFNetwork #LDFLAGS += -framework MediaPlayer #LDFLAGS += -framework OpenGLES #LDFLAGS += -framework OpenAL LDFLAGS += -F"$(IPHONESDK)/System/Library/Frameworks" LDFLAGS += -F"$(IPHONESDK)/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks" ## 编译开关 CFLAGS += $(INCPATH) / -std=c99 / -W -Wall / -funroll-loops / -Diphoneos_version_min=2.0 / -Wno-unused-parameter / -Wno-sign-compare ifeq ($(DEBUG), y) CFLAGS += -O0 -g -DDEBUG_MUTEX else CFLAGS += -O3 -DNDEBUG ifeq ($(DEVEL), y) CFLAGS += -g endif endif CFLAGS += -F"$(IPHONESDK)/System/Library/Frameworks" CFLAGS += -F"$(IPHONESDK)/System/Library/PrivateFrameworks" #################################################################################### BUILDDIR =./build/3.0 SRCDIR =./Classes RESDIR =./Resources ###///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// ### Source files ###///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// OBJS = $(patsubst %.m,%.o,$(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*.m)) OBJS += $(patsubst %.m,%.o,$(wildcard ./*.m)) OBJS += $(patsubst %.c,%.o,$(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*.c)) OBJS += $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(wildcard $(SRCDIR)/*.cpp)) NIBS = $(patsubst %.xib,%.nib,$(wildcard *.xib)) RESOURCES= $(wildcard $(RESDIR)/*) APPFOLDER= $(TARGET).app .PHONY: all all: $(TARGET) bundle $(TARGET): $(OBJS) $(LD) $(LDFLAGS) -o $@ $^ %.o: %.m $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ %.o: %.c $(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ %.o: %.cpp $(CXX) -x objective-c++ $(CFLAGS) $< -o $@ %.nib: %.xib ibtool $< --compile $@ bundle: $(TARGET) @rm -rf $(BUILDDIR) @mkdir -p $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER) @cp -r $(RESDIR)/* $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER) @cp Info.plist $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER)/Info.plist @echo "APPL" > $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER)/PkgInfo mv $(NIBS) $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER) # export CODESIGN_ALLOCATE=/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/Developer/usr/bin/codesign_allocate @ldid -S $(TARGET) @mv $(TARGET) $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER)/$(TARGET)_ install: bundle @ssh root@$(IP) "cd /Applications/$(APPFOLDER) && rm -R * || echo 'not found' " @scp -rp $(BUILDDIR)/$(APPFOLDER) root@$(IP):/Applications @ssh root@$(IP) "cd /Applications/$(APPFOLDER) ; ldid -S $(TARGET)_; killall SpringBoard" @echo "Application $(APPFOLDER) installed" uninstall: ssh root@$(IPHONE_IP) 'rm -fr /Applications/$(APPFOLDER); respring' @echo "Application $(APPFOLDER) uninstalled, please respring iPhone" install_respring: scp respring_arm root@$(IPHONE_IP):/usr/bin/respring .PHONY: clean clean: @rm -f $(OBJS) $(TARGET) @rm -rf $(BUILDDIR)

然后执行下面的make命令，我们就可以直接在 iPhone 上测试我们的程序了。

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make install_respring make make install