java操作excel文件基础架构实现，支持2007以上版本

转载请注明出处：http://blog.csdn.net/xiaojimanman/article/details/22800915

java操作office文件现在主流的jar包有jxl和POI，由于目前jxl.jar没有人更新，并不支持Excel2007及其以上版本，Apache POI是Apache软件基金会的开放源码函式库，POI提供API给Java程序对Microsoft Office格式档案读和写的功能。

POI结构如下：

HSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel格式档案的功能。
XSSF － 提供读写Microsoft Excel OOXML格式档案的功能。
HWPF － 提供读写Microsoft Word格式档案的功能。
HSLF － 提供读写Microsoft PowerPoint格式档案的功能。
HDGF － 提供读写Microsoft Visio格式档案的功能。

下面就简单介绍一下POI对Excel文件操作的一些基础实现。在下面的实现中，均将Excel文件中单元格数据认为是字符串。

表格中单元格java bean

 /**  
 *@Description: Excel单元格格式
 */ 
package cn.lulei.office.model;  

public class ExcelCell {
	private int row;//行
	private int column;//列
	private String content;//内容
	
	public int getRow() {
		return row;
	}
	public void setRow(int row) {
		this.row = row;
	}
	public int getColumn() {
		return column;
	}
	public void setColumn(int column) {
		this.column = column;
	}
	public String getContent() {
		return content;
	}
	public void setContent(String content) {
		this.content = content;
	}
}

表格中工作表 java bean

 /**  
 *@Description: Excel表格sheet页数据
 */ 
package cn.lulei.office.model;  

import java.util.List;
  
public class ExcelSheet {
	private String sheetName;
	private List<ExcelCell> cells;
	
	public String getSheetName() {
		return sheetName;
	}
	public void setSheetName(String sheetName) {
		this.sheetName = sheetName;
	}
	public List<ExcelCell> getCells() {
		return cells;
	}
	public void setCells(List<ExcelCell> cells) {
		this.cells = cells;
	}
}

 Excel2003以前版本文件操作

 /**  
 *@Description:  Excel2003之前版本操作
 */ 
package cn.lulei.office.v2003;  

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;

import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelCell;
import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelSheet;
  
public class Excel {
	private static final String excelFileSuffix = ".xls";//Excel文件后缀名
	private static final String defaultSheetName = "Sheet";//默认sheet名
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 生成Excel文件
	 */
	public boolean create(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		if (sheets == null) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("sheets is null");
		}
		if (fileName == null || "".equals(fileName)) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("fileName is null");
		}
		try {
			//判断后缀名是否是 xls
			fileName = fileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(excelFileSuffix) ? fileName : fileName + excelFileSuffix;
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//创建Excel
			HSSFWorkbook wbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
			int i = 1;
			for (ExcelSheet sheet : sheets) {
				//如果sheetName为空，则使用默认的命名方式
				if (sheet.getSheetName() == null || "".equals(sheet.getSheetName())) {
					sheet.setSheetName(defaultSheetName + i);
				}
				//创建工作表
				HSSFSheet hSheet = wbook.createSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				//如果工作表的内容为空，则继续下一个工作表内容
				if (sheet.getCells() == null) {
					continue;
				}
				for (ExcelCell cell : sheet.getCells()) {
					//获取表中的一行，如果为空，则创建行
					HSSFRow hRow = hSheet.getRow(cell.getRow());
					if (hRow == null) {
						hRow = hSheet.createRow(cell.getRow());
					}
					//创建改行中某列单元格
					HSSFCell hCell = hRow.createCell(cell.getColumn());
					//设置单元格属性为String
					hCell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
					//设置单元格内容
					hCell.setCellValue(cell.getContent());
				}
			}
			//将wbook写入到文件中
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
			wbook.write(fos);
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param rowStart
	 * @param columnStart
	 * @param rowEnd
	 * @param columnEnd
	 * @param sheetNo
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 读取excel文件sheet页数据
	 */
	public List<ExcelCell> getCells(int rowStart, int columnStart, int rowEnd, int columnEnd, int sheetNo, String fileName) {
		List<ExcelCell> cells = null;
		try {
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//判断文件是否存在
			if (!file.exists()) {
				throw new NullPointerException(fileName + " is not exist");
			}
			//读取Excel文件
			HSSFWorkbook wbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
			HSSFSheet sheet = wbook.getSheetAt(sheetNo);
			//如果工作表格为空，则直接返回空值
			if (sheet == null) {
				return null;
			}
			rowStart = rowStart < 0 ? 0 : rowStart;
			columnStart = columnStart < 0 ? 0 : columnStart;
			cells = new ArrayList<ExcelCell>();
			//循环行
			for (int i = rowStart; i <= rowEnd; i++) {
				HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
				//如果改行为空，继续下一行
				if (row == null) {
					continue;
				}
				//循环列
				for (int j = columnStart; j <= columnEnd; j++) {
					HSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
					//如果该单元格不为空，添加到返回数组中
					if (cell != null) {
						ExcelCell eCell = new ExcelCell();
						eCell.setRow(i);
						eCell.setColumn(j);
						eCell.setContent(cell.toString());
						cells.add(eCell);
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
		//返回 数据
		return cells;
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: Excel更新操作
	 */
	public boolean update(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		if (sheets == null) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("sheets is null");
		}
		try {
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//判断文件是否存在
			if (!file.exists()) {
				throw new NullPointerException(fileName + " is not exist");
			}
			//读取Excel文件
			HSSFWorkbook wbook = new HSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
			for (ExcelSheet sheet : sheets) {
				//获取Excel中的工作表，如果为空，则创建表
				HSSFSheet hSheet = wbook.getSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				if (hSheet == null) {
					hSheet = wbook.createSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				}
				for (ExcelCell cell : sheet.getCells()) {
					//获取表中的一行，如果为空，则创建行
					HSSFRow hRow = hSheet.getRow(cell.getRow());
					if (hRow == null) {
						hRow = hSheet.createRow(cell.getRow());
					}
					//获取某列单元格，如果为空，则创建单元格
					HSSFCell hCell = hRow.getCell(cell.getColumn());
					if (hCell == null) {
						hCell = hRow.createCell(cell.getColumn());
					}
					//设置单元格属性为String
					hCell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
					//设置单元格内容
					hCell.setCellValue(cell.getContent());
				}
			}
			//将wbook写入到文件中
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
			wbook.write(fos);
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
}

Excel2007以上版本操作

 /**  
 *@Description:  Excel2003之前版本操作
 */ 
package cn.lulei.office.v2007;  

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;

import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelCell;
import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelSheet;
  
public class Excel {
	private static final String excelFileSuffix = ".xlsx";//Excel文件后缀名
	private static final String defaultSheetName = "Sheet";//默认sheet名
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 生成Excel文件
	 */
	public boolean create(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		if (sheets == null) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("sheets is null");
		}
		if (fileName == null || "".equals(fileName)) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("fileName is null");
		}
		try {
			//判断后缀名是否是 xls
			fileName = fileName.toLowerCase().endsWith(excelFileSuffix) ? fileName : fileName + excelFileSuffix;
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//创建Excel
			XSSFWorkbook wbook = new XSSFWorkbook();
			int i = 1;
			for (ExcelSheet sheet : sheets) {
				//如果sheetName为空，则使用默认的命名方式
				if (sheet.getSheetName() == null || "".equals(sheet.getSheetName())) {
					sheet.setSheetName(defaultSheetName + i);
				}
				//创建工作表
				XSSFSheet hSheet = wbook.createSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				//如果工作表的内容为空，则继续下一个工作表内容
				if (sheet.getCells() == null) {
					continue;
				}
				for (ExcelCell cell : sheet.getCells()) {
					//获取表中的一行，如果为空，则创建行
					XSSFRow hRow = hSheet.getRow(cell.getRow());
					if (hRow == null) {
						hRow = hSheet.createRow(cell.getRow());
					}
					//创建改行中某列单元格
					XSSFCell hCell = hRow.createCell(cell.getColumn());
					//设置单元格属性为String
					hCell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
					//设置单元格内容
					hCell.setCellValue(cell.getContent());
				}
			}
			//将wbook写入到文件中
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
			wbook.write(fos);
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
			return true;
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param rowStart
	 * @param columnStart
	 * @param rowEnd
	 * @param columnEnd
	 * @param sheetNo
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 读取excel文件sheet页数据
	 */
	public List<ExcelCell> getCells(int rowStart, int columnStart, int rowEnd, int columnEnd, int sheetNo, String fileName) {
		List<ExcelCell> cells = null;
		try {
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//判断文件是否存在
			if (!file.exists()) {
				throw new NullPointerException(fileName + " is not exist");
			}
			//读取Excel文件
			XSSFWorkbook wbook = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
			XSSFSheet sheet = wbook.getSheetAt(sheetNo);
			//如果工作表格为空，则直接返回空值
			if (sheet == null) {
				return null;
			}
			rowStart = rowStart < 0 ? 0 : rowStart;
			columnStart = columnStart < 0 ? 0 : columnStart;
			cells = new ArrayList<ExcelCell>();
			//循环行
			for (int i = rowStart; i <= rowEnd; i++) {
				XSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(i);
				//如果改行为空，继续下一行
				if (row == null) {
					continue;
				}
				//循环列
				for (int j = columnStart; j <= columnEnd; j++) {
					XSSFCell cell = row.getCell(j);
					//如果该单元格不为空，添加到返回数组中
					if (cell != null) {
						ExcelCell eCell = new ExcelCell();
						eCell.setRow(i);
						eCell.setColumn(j);
						eCell.setContent(cell.toString());
						cells.add(eCell);
					}
				}
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
		//返回数据
		return cells;
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-1  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: Excel更新操作
	 */
	public boolean update(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		if (sheets == null) {
			throw new NumberFormatException("sheets is null");
		}
		try {
			File file = new File(fileName);
			//判断文件是否存在
			if (!file.exists()) {
				throw new NullPointerException(fileName + " is not exist");
			}
			//读取Excel文件
			XSSFWorkbook wbook = new XSSFWorkbook(new FileInputStream(file));
			for (ExcelSheet sheet : sheets) {
				//获取Excel中的工作表，如果为空，则创建表
				XSSFSheet hSheet = wbook.getSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				if (hSheet == null) {
					hSheet = wbook.createSheet(sheet.getSheetName());
				}
				for (ExcelCell cell : sheet.getCells()) {
					//获取表中的一行，如果为空，则创建行
					XSSFRow hRow = hSheet.getRow(cell.getRow());
					if (hRow == null) {
						hRow = hSheet.createRow(cell.getRow());
					}
					//获取某列单元格，如果为空，则创建单元格
					XSSFCell hCell = hRow.getCell(cell.getColumn());
					if (hCell == null) {
						hCell = hRow.createCell(cell.getColumn());
					}
					//设置单元格属性为String
					hCell.setCellType(XSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
					//设置单元格内容
					hCell.setCellValue(cell.getContent());
				}
			}
			//将wbook写入到文件中
			FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
			wbook.write(fos);
			fos.flush();
			fos.close();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}
}

Excel文件统一向外服务类

 /**  
 *@Description:  Excel操作提供服务接口   
 */ 
package cn.lulei.office.service;  

import java.util.List;

import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelCell;
import cn.lulei.office.model.ExcelSheet;
  
public class ExcelService {
	public static final int Excel2003 = 0;
	public static final int Excel2007 = 1;
	
	private cn.lulei.office.v2003.Excel excel2003 = new cn.lulei.office.v2003.Excel();
	private cn.lulei.office.v2007.Excel excel2007 = new cn.lulei.office.v2007.Excel();
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName 文件绝对
	 * @param excelVersion excel版本
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 创建Excel
	 */
	public boolean create(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName, int excelVersion) {
		if (excelVersion >= Excel2007) {
			return excel2007.create(sheets, fileName);
		} else {
			return excel2003.create(sheets, fileName);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName 文件绝对路径
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 创建Excel
	 */
	public boolean create(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		return create(sheets, fileName, Excel2007);
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param rowStart 起始行
	 * @param columnStart 起始列
	 * @param rowEnd 终止行
	 * @param columnEnd 终止列
	 * @param sheetNo sheet编号~0 1
	 * @param fileName 文件名
	 * @param excelVersion 使用excel版本
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 读取Excel
	 */
	public List<ExcelCell> getCells(int rowStart, int columnStart, int rowEnd, int columnEnd, int sheetNo, String fileName, int excelVersion) {
		if (excelVersion >= Excel2007) {
			return excel2007.getCells(rowStart, columnStart, rowEnd, columnEnd, sheetNo, fileName);
		} else {
			return excel2003.getCells(rowStart, columnStart, rowEnd, columnEnd, sheetNo, fileName);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param rowStart 起始行
	 * @param columnStart 起始列
	 * @param rowEnd 终止行
	 * @param columnEnd 终止列
	 * @param sheetNo sheet编号~0 1
	 * @param fileName 文件名
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 读取Excel
	 */
	public List<ExcelCell> getCells(int rowStart, int columnStart, int rowEnd, int columnEnd, int sheetNo, String fileName) {
		return getCells(rowStart, columnStart, rowEnd, columnEnd, sheetNo, fileName, Excel2007);
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @param excelVersion
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 更新Excel
	 */
	public boolean update(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName, int excelVersion) {
		if (excelVersion >= Excel2007) {
			return excel2007.update(sheets, fileName);
		} else {
			return excel2003.update(sheets, fileName);
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * @param sheets
	 * @param fileName
	 * @return
	 * @Date:2014-4-2  
	 * @Author:lulei  
	 * @Description: 更新Excel
	 */
	public boolean update(List<ExcelSheet> sheets, String fileName) {
		return update(sheets, fileName, Excel2007);
	}
}

这里就只写出了一些具体的实现方式，至于测试和用法，这里并没有涉及，在使用中，只需要去构建ExcelSheet即可~

在以后的bolg中，将继续更新Excel的其他操作以及其他office文件的操作