GTK+学习笔记3——按钮构件

GTK+ 的按钮构件有很多种，常用的有如下四个：

GtkButton：普通按钮

GtkToggleButton：开关按钮

GtkCheckButton：复选按钮

GtkRadioButton：单选按钮

这四个构件的继承关系如下：

GtkButton：

GtkButton就是普通的按钮，带有多种信号，常用的有以下三种：

leave：鼠标离开按钮时触发的信号；

pressed：鼠标按下按钮时触发的信号；

clicked：鼠标松开时触发的信号。

下面这里例子会新建一个按钮，当触发不同信号时，会在终端打印相应的信息：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close_app(GtkWidget *window , gpointer data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

void button_leave(GtkWidget *button,gpointer data)
{
    printf("button leave\n");
}

void button_pressed(GtkWidget *button,gpointer data)
{
    printf("button pressed\n");
}

void button_clicked(GtkWidget *button,gpointer data)
{
    printf("button clicked\n");
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    GtkWidget *window;
    GtkWidget *button;

    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
//新建一个窗口
    window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"button demo");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,200);
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(close_app),NULL);

//新建一个按钮
    button = gtk_button_new_with_label("button");
//鼠标离开按钮时触发leave信号
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"leave",G_CALLBACK(button_leave),NULL);
//鼠标按下按钮时触发pressed信号
	g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"pressed",G_CALLBACK(button_pressed),NULL);
//鼠标松开是触发clicked信号
	g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(button),"clicked",G_CALLBACK(button_clicked),NULL);

//将按钮放入窗口中
    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),button);
    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    gtk_main();
    return 0;
}

GtkToggleButton：

开关按钮的特点是有两个状态：开和关。点击一次，按钮被按下(TRUE)，再点击一次，按钮会弹起(FALSE)。当点击开关按钮时，会发出toggle信号。可以用如下函数获取开关按钮的状态：

gboolean    gtk_toggle_button_get_active   (GtkToggleButton *toggle_button);

例子：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close_app(GtkWidget *window,gpointer data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

void toggle_button_callback(GtkWidget *toggle,gpointer data)
{
    if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(toggle)))
    {
	//改变按钮的标签
	gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(toggle),"toggle button down");
    }
    else
    {
	gtk_button_set_label(GTK_BUTTON(toggle),"toggle button up");
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    GtkWidget *window;
    GtkWidget *toggle;

    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
//新建一个窗口
	window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"toggle button demo");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,200);
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(close_app),NULL);
//新建一个按钮
    toggle = gtk_toggle_button_new_with_label("toggle button up");
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(toggle),"toggled",G_CALLBACK(toggle_button_callback),NULL);

    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),toggle);

    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    gtk_main();

    return 0;
}

GtkCheckButton：

多选按钮继承了开关按钮的特性，也是两种状态：选中或未选，与开关按钮使用同样的信号和函数获取状态。

例子：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close_app(GtkWidget *window, gpointer data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

void check_button_callback(GtkWidget *check_button, gpointer data)
{
    if(gtk_toggle_button_get_active(GTK_TOGGLE_BUTTON(check_button)))
    {
	printf("check button selected\n");
    }
    else
    {
	printf("check button unselected\n");
    }
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    GtkWidget *window;
    GtkWidget *check_button;

    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
//新建一个窗口
    window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"check button demo");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,200);
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(close_app),NULL);
//新建一个多选按钮
    check_button = gtk_check_button_new_with_label("check button 1");
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(check_button),"toggled",G_CALLBACK(check_button_callback),NULL);

    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),check_button);
    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    gtk_main();
    
    return 0;
}

GtkRadioButton:

单选按钮继承了多选按钮，同样可以使用toggle信号和gtk_toggle_button_get_active函数获取状态。与多选按钮不同，单选按钮需要分组，同组内的多个单选按钮只能选中一个。可以用如下函数创建一个单选按钮：

GtkWidget *   gtk_radio_button_new  (GSList *group);

单选按钮必须要加入一个组：

void    gtk_radio_button_set_group   (GtkRadioButton *radio_button,    GSList *group);

例子：

#include <gtk/gtk.h>

void close_app(GtkWidget *window,gpointer data)
{
    gtk_main_quit();
}

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{
    GtkWidget *window;
    GSList *radio_group;
    GtkWidget *radio_button1;
    GtkWidget *radio_button2;
    GtkWidget *Vbox;

    gtk_init(&argc,&argv);
//新建一个窗口
    window = gtk_window_new(GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window),"radio button demo");
    gtk_window_set_position(GTK_WINDOW(window),GTK_WIN_POS_CENTER);
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window),200,200);
    g_signal_connect(GTK_OBJECT(window),"destroy",G_CALLBACK(close_app),NULL);

//新建两个单选按钮
    radio_button1 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(NULL,"radio button 1");
    radio_group = gtk_radio_button_get_group(GTK_RADIO_BUTTON(radio_button1));
    radio_button2 = gtk_radio_button_new_with_label(radio_group,"radio button 2");

    Vbox = gtk_vbox_new(FALSE,0);
    gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(Vbox),radio_button1,FALSE,FALSE,0);
    gtk_box_pack_start(GTK_BOX(Vbox),radio_button2,FALSE,FALSE,0);

    gtk_container_add(GTK_CONTAINER(window),Vbox);
    gtk_widget_show_all(window);
    gtk_main();
    return 0;
}