SiteMesh是基于Servlet的filter的,即过滤流。它是通过截取reponse,并进行装饰后再交付给客户。
其中涉及到两个名词: 装饰页面(decorator page)和 “被装饰页面(Content page)" , 即 SiteMesh通过对Content Page的装饰,最终得到页面布局和外观一直的页面,
并返回给客户
运行环境需要:servlet2.3 , JDK1.4 以上。
正常模式下的web访问流程
加入SiteMesh装饰的web访问流程
一:搭建SiteMesh环境及简单使用
1.1:准备资源
siteMesh2.4.jar, sitemesh-page.tld , sitemesh-decorator.tld 这个三个必要文件
将jar包复制进/WEB-INF/lib目录下, 两个tld文件导入/WEB-INF下即可
在web.xml中加入siteMesh的filter和taglib
<filter> <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name> <filter-class>com.opensymphony.sitemesh.webapp.SiteMeshFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>sitemesh</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- not required for containers that fully support JSP 1.2 --> <taglib> <taglib-uri>sitemesh-page</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/lib/sitemesh-page.tld</taglib-location> </taglib> <taglib> <taglib-uri>sitemesh-decorator</taglib-uri> <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/lib/sitemesh-decorator.tld</taglib-location> </taglib>
1.2 建立decorators.xml
在/WEB-INF下创建decorators.xml文件,siteMesh通过该文件来获知"装饰页面"和"被装饰页面"的映射
decorators.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!-- 默认目录 --> <decorators defaultdir="/decorators"> <!-- 缺省装饰页 --> <decorator name="main" page="main.jsp"> <pattern>/*</pattern> </decorator> <!-- 自定义装饰页,我们下面实例就是这部分起作用 --> <decorator name="mai" page="mai.jsp"> <pattern>/mai.html</pattern> </decorator> <!-- 只装饰一个页面也可用这种方式定义 --> <decorator name="panel" page="panel.jsp"/> <!-- 装饰velocity模板 --> <decorator name="velocity" page="velocity.vm"> <pattern>/velocity.html</pattern> </decorator> <!-- 装饰freeMarker模板 --> <decorator name="freemarker" page="freemarker.ftl"> <pattern>/freemarker.html</pattern> </decorator> <decorator name="test" page="test.jsp"> <pattern>/agent.jsp</pattern> </decorator> </decorators>
下边是对上边中所缺少的一些补充
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <decorators defaultdir="/decorators"> <!-- 此处用来定义不需要过滤的页面 --> <excludes> </excludes> <!-- 用来定义装饰器要过滤的页面 --> <decorator name="main" page="main.jsp"> <pattern>/*</pattern> </decorator> </decorators>
1.3 装饰页的创建
在web目录(或者webContent)下创建文件夹decorators,在文件夹中建立mai.jsp文件
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> /*这里导入了SiteMesh的标签库 */ <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/page" prefix="page" %> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> OK,there is a decorator begin!<hr /> /*这里的意思是,被装饰页的title内容将会在这里插入 */ <decorator:title></decorator:title> </head> <body> /*被修饰页的body内容将在这里插入 <decorator:body></decorator:body> <hr />Yse,there is a decorator end ! </body> </html>
1.4 被修饰页的创建
在web目录(或webContent)下创建mai.html
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body> this is the Content Page !!! </body> </html>
1.5 使用tomcat进行示例运行,访问http://localhost:8080/{your project name}/mai.html , 运行结果如下:
1.6 sitemesh.xml的配置(可选, 示例中没有用到该文件)
该配置文件用于高级元素的配置,有具体需要的可以配置
<sitemesh> <property name="decorators-file" value="/WEB-INF/decorators.xml"/> <excludes file="${decorators-file}"/> <page-parsers> <parser content-type="text/html" class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.parser.HTMLPageParser" /> </page-parsers> <decorator-mappers> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.PageDecoratorMapper"> <param name="property.1" value="meta.decorator" /> <param name="property.2" value="decorator" /> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.FrameSetDecoratorMapper"> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.AgentDecoratorMapper"> <param name="match.MSIE" value="ie" /> <param name="match.Mozilla [" value="ns" /> <param name="match.Opera" value="opera" /> <param name="match.Lynx" value="lynx" /> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.PrintableDecoratorMapper"> <param name="decorator" value="printable" /> <param name="parameter.name" value="printable" /> <param name="parameter.value" value="true" /> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.RobotDecoratorMapper"> <param name="decorator" value="robot" /> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.ParameterDecoratorMapper"> <param name="decorator.parameter" value="decorator" /> <param name="parameter.name" value="confirm" /> <param name="parameter.value" value="true" /> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.FileDecoratorMapper"> </mapper> <mapper class="com.opensymphony.module.sitemesh.mapper.ConfigDecoratorMapper"> <param name="config" value="${decorators-file}" /> </mapper> </decorator-mappers> </sitemesh>
使用总结:整个过程配置是相对简单的,先导入所需资源,然后再配置filter,之后是derator page和content page的创建以及他们之间的映射关系,配置命令是相对简单的,简单的需求上面这些已经足矣。
2.1 例子1
在{myapp}/WEB-INF/decorators.xml文件中添加以下decorator
<decorator name="mydecorator1" page="mydecorator1.jsp"> <pattern>/test1.jsp</pattern> </decorator>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <html> <head> <title>My Site - <decorator:title default="Welcome!" /></title> <decorator:head /> </head> <body> <decorator:body /> <p>This message is in /decorators/mydecorator1.jsp</p> </body> </html>
<%@page contentType="text/html"%> <%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>This is test1</title> </head> <body> <b>This is test1</b> </body> </html>
This is test1 This message is in /decorators/mydecorator1.jsp |
2.2 例子2(decorator:getProperty)
有时候,我们期望修改页面中某个有固定标记的片段,例如我们的jsp中有一个标记<mytag>...</mytag>,此时可以用如下方法实现:
在{myapp}/WEB-INF/decorators.xml文件中添加以下decorator
<decorator name="mydecorator2" page="mydecorator2.jsp"> <pattern>/test2.jsp</pattern> </decorator>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <html> <head> <title>My Site - <decorator:title default="Welcome!" /></title> <decorator:head /> </head> <body> <decorator:body /> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content1"/> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content2"/> <!-- do nothing --> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content3"/> <p>This message is in /decorators/mydecorator2.jsp</p> </body> </html>
<%@page contentType="text/html"%> <%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>This is test2</title> </head> <body> <b>This is test2</b> <b>Use <decorator:getProperty> tag</b> <content tag="content1"><p>This is content1</p></content> <content tag="content2"><p>This is content2</p></content> <content tag="content4"><p>This is content4, it shouldn't be display</p></content> </body> </html>
This is test2
Use <decorator:getProperty> tag
This is content1
This is content2
This message is in /decorators/mydecorator2.jsp
2.3 例子3 (page:applyDecorator tag)
在{myapp}/WEB-INF/decorators.xml文件中添加以下decorator:
<decorator name="mydecorator3" page="mydecorator3.jsp"> <pattern>/test3.jsp</pattern> </decorator> <decorator name="mydecorator31" page="mydecorator31.jsp"> </decorator>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/page" prefix="page" %> <html> <head> <title>My Site - <decorator:title default="Welcome!" /></title> <decorator:head /> </head> <body> <decorator:body /> <page:applyDecorator name="mydecorator31"> <content tag="content1"><p>This is content1</p></content> <content tag="content2"><p>This is content2</p></content> </page:applyDecorator> </body> </html>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/page" prefix="page" %> <p><i>begin</i></> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content1"/> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content2"/> <p><i>end</i></> 在{myapp}目录下添加test3.jsp文件,内容如下: <%@page contentType="text/html"%> <%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>This is test3</title> </head> <body> <b>This is test3</b> <b>Use <page:applyDecorator> tag</b> </body> </html>
打开浏览器,访问http://localhost:8080/myapp/test3.jsp,将会出现一下内容:
This is test3
Use <page:applyDecorator> tag
begin
This is content1
This is content2
end
这里,我在mydecorator3.jsp中应用了mydecorator31.jsp的的decorator,并且将原来在test2.jsp中的 <content />标签复制到mydecorator3.jsp中,此时对于<content tag="xxx"/>的标签将会由mydecorator31.jsp了装饰。
2.4 例子4(page:parm tag)
在{myapp}/WEB-INF/decorators.xml文件中添加以下decorator:
<decorator name="mydecorator4" page="mydecorator4.jsp"> <pattern>/test4.jsp</pattern> </decorator> <decorator name="mydecorator41" page="mydecorator41.jsp"> </decorator>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/page" prefix="page" %> <html> <head> <title>My Site - <decorator:title default="Welcome!" /></title> <decorator:head /> </head> <body> <decorator:body /> <page:applyDecorator name="mydecorator41" > <content tag="content1"><p>This is content1</p></content> <content tag="content2"><p>This is content2</p></content> <page:param name="page.content1"><p>This content1 has been replaced</p></page:param> </page:applyDecorator> </body> </html>
<%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/decorator" prefix="decorator" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://www.opensymphony.com/sitemesh/page" prefix="page" %> <p><i>begin</i></> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content1"/> <decorator:getProperty property="page.content2"/> <p><i>end</i></>
<%@page contentType="text/html"%> <%@page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <title>This is test4</title> </head> <body> <b>This is test4</b> <b>Use <page:param> tag</b> </body> </html>
This is test4
Use <page:param> tag
begin
This content1 has been replaced
This is content2
end
这里,我在mydecorator4.jsp中应用了mydecorator41.jsp的的decorator,并且添加了<page:param name="page.content1">标签,那么此时页面上将会用<page:param>标签中的内容替换原来在<decorator:getProperty property="page.content1"/>中的内容,因此页面将不在“This is content1”而显示“This content1 has been replaced”
SiteMesh的一个重要特性是使用原始HTML的meta标签(例如<meta name="foo" content="bar">)从基础页面传递信息到装饰器。作为一个例子,下面我们使用一个meta标签来定义HTML页面的作者。
< html > < meta name = " author " content = " [email protected] " > < head > < title > Simple Document </ title > </ head > < body > Hello World ! < br /> <%= 1 + 1 %> </ body > </ html >
<% @ taglib uri = " sitemesh-decorator " prefix = " decorator " %> < decorator:usePage id = " myPage " /> < html > < head > < title > My Site - < decorator:title default = " Welcome! " /> </ title > < decorator:head /> </ head > < body > < h1 >< decorator:title default = " Welcome! " /></ h1 > < h3 > < a href = " mailto: <decorator:getProperty property= " meta.author " default= " [email protected] " /> " > < decorator:getProperty property = " meta.author " default = " [email protected] " /> </ a > </ h3 > < hr /> < decorator:body /> < p > < small > ( < a href = " /?printable=true " > printable version </ a > ) </ small > </ p > </ body > </ html >
参考资料:http://my.oschina.net/thinkinginc/blog/76180
参考资料:http://www.cnblogs.com/mailingfeng/archive/2011/12/21/2296041.html