为VMware增加虚拟硬盘
转自：http://hi.baidu.com/shenshuilanl/blog/item/3f07caf84d92770ed8f9fd47.html
创建虚拟硬盘
1、关闭VM中正在运行的虚拟系统；
2、在虚拟系统名称上点右键－》Virtual Machine Settings；
3、在Hardware页点“Add”－》Add a hard disk－》Create a new virtual disk－》SCSI(recommended)－》分配空间大小－》OK；
4、可以看见Hardware中出现了一块新的硬盘Hard Disk 2。
对虚拟硬盘进行分区和格式化（转载自bixuan）
[root@cncmail data1]# fdisk -l ## 这里是查看目前系统上有几块硬盘
Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes ## 这里发现/dev/sdb，容量36.7G，且未被分区
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@linux root]# fdisk /dev/sdb ## 接下去就对/dev/sdb分区进行分区
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4462.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p ## 打印出目前该硬盘下的分区列表
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n ## 增加一个分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
## 因为通常选择主分区，所以这里打一个p
p
Partition number (1-4): 1 ## 这里因为是第一个分区，所以只选择1，如果是第二个分区，则选择2,依次类推
First cylinder (1-4462, default 1): ## 新分区起始的磁盘块数
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4462, default 4462): 如果要分区10G，这里可以直接输入：+10240M，因为这里要全部使用硬盘空间，则用默认
Using default value 4462
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
## 这里第一个分区已经分好了，接下去得把这个分区写入硬盘，用w
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
下面的工作就是对该硬盘进行格式，我这里是格式化成ext3
[root@linux root]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 (这里原来的命令是：mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1，试了一下不成 功，改了)
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
4480448 inodes, 8960245 blocks
448012 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
274 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16352 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
检查一下，是否已经格式好
[root@linux root]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
挂载虚拟硬盘
分区分好，也格式化好了，下面就是挂载
我把/dev/sdb1挂载到/data1下
[root@linux root]# mkdir /data1 ## 首先建立挂载的目录data1
[root@linux root]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data1 ##将sdb1挂载到data1
重启系统之后，查看是否挂载成功：
[root@linux data1]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda1 2.0G 454M 1.4G 25% /
/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
/dev/sdb1 34G 33M 32G 1% /data1
none 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2 9.7G 1.5G 7.7G 17% /usr
/dev/sda5 9.7G 8.6G 559M 95% /var
这里看到/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
说明已经挂载成功了。到根目录“/”下可以查看到这个挂载好的data1。
设置自动挂载：
# vi /etc/fstab ## 用vi修改/etc/fstab，使系统启动就可以自动挂载
（点击“i”进入插入模式对文本内容进行修改，改好后点“Esc”，输入冒号“:”进入命令行模式，输入wq保存退出，具体操作可以参考vi常用指令）
在内容中加上一行：
/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext3 defaults 1 2
创建虚拟硬盘
1、关闭VM中正在运行的虚拟系统；
2、在虚拟系统名称上点右键－》Virtual Machine Settings；
3、在Hardware页点“Add”－》Add a hard disk－》Create a new virtual disk－》SCSI(recommended)－》分配空间大小－》OK；
4、可以看见Hardware中出现了一块新的硬盘Hard Disk 2。
对虚拟硬盘进行分区和格式化（转载自bixuan）
[root@cncmail data1]# fdisk -l ## 这里是查看目前系统上有几块硬盘
Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes ## 这里发现/dev/sdb，容量36.7G，且未被分区
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn't contain a valid partition table
[root@linux root]# fdisk /dev/sdb ## 接下去就对/dev/sdb分区进行分区
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 4462.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p ## 打印出目前该硬盘下的分区列表
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n ## 增加一个分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
## 因为通常选择主分区，所以这里打一个p
p
Partition number (1-4): 1 ## 这里因为是第一个分区，所以只选择1，如果是第二个分区，则选择2,依次类推
First cylinder (1-4462, default 1): ## 新分区起始的磁盘块数
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-4462, default 4462): 如果要分区10G，这里可以直接输入：+10240M，因为这里要全部使用硬盘空间，则用默认
Using default value 4462
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
## 这里第一个分区已经分好了，接下去得把这个分区写入硬盘，用w
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
下面的工作就是对该硬盘进行格式，我这里是格式化成ext3
[root@linux root]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 (这里原来的命令是：mke2fs -j /dev/sdb1，试了一下不成 功，改了)
mke2fs 1.32 (09-Nov-2002)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
4480448 inodes, 8960245 blocks
448012 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
274 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
16352 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (8192 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
检查一下，是否已经格式好
[root@linux root]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 36.4 GB, 36401479680 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4425 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 1 255 2048256 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 256 1530 10241437+ 83 Linux
/dev/sda3 4296 4425 1044225 82 Linux swap
/dev/sda4 1531 4295 22209862+ f Win95 Ext'd (LBA)
/dev/sda5 1531 2805 10241406 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 2806 4295 11968393+ 83 Linux
Partition table entries are not in disk order
Disk /dev/sdb: 36.7 GB, 36703918080 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 4462 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 4462 35840983+ 83 Linux
挂载虚拟硬盘
分区分好，也格式化好了，下面就是挂载
我把/dev/sdb1挂载到/data1下
[root@linux root]# mkdir /data1 ## 首先建立挂载的目录data1
[root@linux root]# mount /dev/sdb1 /data1 ##将sdb1挂载到data1
重启系统之后，查看是否挂载成功：
[root@linux data1]# df -h
文件系统 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/sda1 2.0G 454M 1.4G 25% /
/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
/dev/sdb1 34G 33M 32G 1% /data1
none 250M 0 250M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda2 9.7G 1.5G 7.7G 17% /usr
/dev/sda5 9.7G 8.6G 559M 95% /var
这里看到/dev/sda6 12G 53M 11G 1% /bak
说明已经挂载成功了。到根目录“/”下可以查看到这个挂载好的data1。
设置自动挂载：
# vi /etc/fstab ## 用vi修改/etc/fstab，使系统启动就可以自动挂载
（点击“i”进入插入模式对文本内容进行修改，改好后点“Esc”，输入冒号“:”进入命令行模式，输入wq保存退出，具体操作可以参考vi常用指令）
在内容中加上一行：
/dev/sdb1 /data1 ext3 defaults 1 2