Android使用Unicode码对中文进行字母索引的2种方法

1、第三方jar包pinyin4j
Pinyin4j是一个流行的Java库，支持中文字符和拼音之间的转换，而且拼音输出格式可以定制。
官方网站：http://pinyin4j.sourceforge.net/

测试代码如下：

package com.orgcent.util;

import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.PinyinHelper;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.HanyuPinyinOutputFormat;
import net.sourceforge.pinyin4j.format.exception.BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination;

public class ConvertToPinYin {
      public static String converterToPinYin(String chinese){
      String pinyinString = "";
      char[] charArray = chinese.toCharArray();
      //根据需要定制输出格式，我用默认的即可
      HanyuPinyinOutputFormat defaultFormat = new HanyuPinyinOutputFormat();
      try {
            //遍历数组，ASC码大于128进行转换
            for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {                
                if (charArray[i] > 128) {
                  //charAt(0)取出首字母
                  pinyinString += PinyinHelper.toHanyuPinyinStringArray(charArray[i], defaultFormat)[0].charAt(0);
                }else{
                  pinyinString += charArray[i];
                }
            }
            return pinyinString;
      } catch (BadHanyuPinyinOutputFormatCombination e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
             return "www.orgcent.com";
      }
     }

     public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println(converterToPinYin("欢迎来到萝卜白菜的博客"));
     }
}

2、根据中文的Unicode码来实现
其实中文在Unicode字符集中是按照拼音首字母顺序来依次编码的，这便是其实现中文字母索引的原理。

代码如下：

/** * 中文转换为拼音 */
public class ChineseSpelling {  

     private static int[] pyvalue = new int[] { -20319, -20317, -20304, -20295, -20292, -20283, -20265, -20257, -20242, -20230, -20051, -20036, -20032, -20026, -20002, -19990, -19986, -19982, -19976, -19805, -19784, -19775, -19774, -19763, -19756, -19751, -19746, -19741, -19739, -19728, -19725, -19715, -19540, -19531, -19525, -19515, -19500, -19484, -19479, -19467, -19289, -19288, -19281, -19275, -19270, -19263, -19261, -19249, -19243, -19242, -19238, -19235, -19227, -19224, -19218, -19212, -19038, -19023, -19018, -19006, -19003, -18996, -18977, -18961, -18952, -18783, -18774, -18773, -18763, -18756, -18741, -18735, -18731, -18722, -18710, -18697, -18696, -18526, -18518, -18501, -18490, -18478, -18463, -18448, -18447, -18446, -18239, -18237, -18231, -18220, -18211, -18201, -18184, -18183,  
            -18181, -18012, -17997, -17988, -17970, -17964, -17961, -17950, -17947, -17931, -17928, -17922, -17759, -17752, -17733, -17730, -17721, -17703, -17701, -17697, -17692, -17683, -17676, -17496, -17487, -17482, -17468, -17454, -17433, -17427, -17417, -17202, -17185, -16983, -16970, -16942, -16915, -16733, -16708, -16706, -16689, -16664, -16657, -16647, -16474, -16470, -16465, -16459, -16452, -16448, -16433, -16429, -16427, -16423, -16419, -16412, -16407, -16403, -16401, -16393, -16220, -16216, -16212, -16205, -16202, -16187, -16180, -16171, -16169, -16158, -16155, -15959, -15958, -15944, -15933, -15920, -15915, -15903, -15889, -15878, -15707, -15701, -15681, -15667, -15661, -15659, -15652, -15640, -15631, -15625, -15454, -15448, -15436, -15435, -15419, -15416, -15408, -15394,  
            -15385, -15377, -15375, -15369, -15363, -15362, -15183, -15180, -15165, -15158, -15153, -15150, -15149, -15144, -15143, -15141, -15140, -15139, -15128, -15121, -15119, -15117, -15110, -15109, -14941, -14937, -14933, -14930, -14929, -14928, -14926, -14922, -14921, -14914, -14908, -14902, -14894, -14889, -14882, -14873, -14871, -14857, -14678, -14674, -14670, -14668, -14663, -14654, -14645, -14630, -14594, -14429, -14407, -14399, -14384, -14379, -14368, -14355, -14353, -14345, -14170, -14159, -14151, -14149, -14145, -14140, -14137, -14135, -14125, -14123, -14122, -14112, -14109, -14099, -14097, -14094, -14092, -14090, -14087, -14083, -13917, -13914, -13910, -13907, -13906, -13905, -13896, -13894, -13878, -13870, -13859, -13847, -13831, -13658, -13611, -13601, -13406, -13404,  
            -13400, -13398, -13395, -13391, -13387, -13383, -13367, -13359, -13356, -13343, -13340, -13329, -13326, -13318, -13147, -13138, -13120, -13107, -13096, -13095, -13091, -13076, -13068, -13063, -13060, -12888, -12875, -12871, -12860, -12858, -12852, -12849, -12838, -12831, -12829, -12812, -12802, -12607, -12597, -12594, -12585, -12556, -12359, -12346, -12320, -12300, -12120, -12099, -12089, -12074, -12067, -12058, -12039, -11867, -11861, -11847, -11831, -11798, -11781, -11604, -11589, -11536, -11358, -11340, -11339, -11324, -11303, -11097, -11077, -11067, -11055, -11052, -11045, -11041, -11038, -11024, -11020, -11019, -11018, -11014, -10838, -10832, -10815, -10800, -10790, -10780, -10764, -10587, -10544, -10533, -10519, -10331, -10329, -10328, -10322, -10315, -10309, -10307,  
            -10296, -10281, -10274, -10270, -10262, -10260, -10256, -10254 };  

     private static String[] pystr = new String[] { "a", "ai", "an", "ang", "ao", "ba", "bai", "ban", "bang", "bao", "bei", "ben", "beng", "bi", "bian", "biao", "bie", "bin", "bing", "bo", "bu", "ca", "cai", "can", "cang", "cao", "ce", "ceng", "cha", "chai", "chan", "chang", "chao", "che", "chen", "cheng", "chi", "chong", "chou", "chu", "chuai", "chuan", "chuang", "chui", "chun", "chuo", "ci", "cong", "cou", "cu", "cuan", "cui", "cun", "cuo", "da", "dai", "dan", "dang", "dao", "de", "deng", "di", "dian", "diao", "die", "ding", "diu", "dong", "dou", "du", "duan", "dui", "dun", "duo", "e", "en", "er", "fa", "fan", "fang", "fei", "fen", "feng", "fo", "fou", "fu", "ga", "gai", "gan", "gang", "gao", "ge", "gei", "gen", "geng", "gong", "gou", "gu", "gua", "guai", "guan", "guang", "gui", "gun",  
"guo", "ha", "hai", "han", "hang", "hao", "he", "hei", "hen", "heng", "hong", "hou", "hu", "hua", "huai", "huan", "huang", "hui", "hun", "huo", "ji", "jia", "jian", "jiang", "jiao", "jie", "jin", "jing", "jiong", "jiu", "ju", "juan", "jue", "jun", "ka", "kai", "kan", "kang", "kao", "ke", "ken", "keng", "kong", "kou", "ku", "kua", "kuai", "kuan", "kuang", "kui", "kun", "kuo", "la", "lai", "lan", "lang", "lao", "le", "lei", "leng", "li", "lia", "lian", "liang", "liao", "lie", "lin", "ling", "liu", "long", "lou", "lu", "lv", "luan", "lue", "lun", "luo", "ma", "mai", "man", "mang", "mao", "me", "mei", "men", "meng", "mi", "mian", "miao", "mie", "min", "ming", "miu", "mo", "mou", "mu", "na", "nai", "nan", "nang", "nao", "ne", "nei", "nen", "neng", "ni", "nian", "niang", "niao",  
"nie", "nin", "ning", "niu", "nong", "nu", "nv", "nuan", "nue", "nuo", "o", "ou", "pa", "pai", "pan", "pang", "pao", "pei", "pen", "peng", "pi", "pian", "piao", "pie", "pin", "ping", "po", "pu", "qi", "qia", "qian", "qiang", "qiao", "qie", "qin", "qing", "qiong", "qiu", "qu", "quan", "que", "qun", "ran", "rang", "rao", "re", "ren", "reng", "ri", "rong", "rou", "ru", "ruan", "rui", "run", "ruo", "sa", "sai", "san", "sang", "sao", "se", "sen", "seng", "sha", "shai", "shan", "shang", "shao", "she", "shen", "sheng", "shi", "shou", "shu", "shua", "shuai", "shuan", "shuang", "shui", "shun", "shuo", "si", "song", "sou", "su", "suan", "sui", "sun", "suo", "ta", "tai", "tan", "tang", "tao", "te", "teng", "ti", "tian", "tiao", "tie", "ting", "tong", "tou", "tu", "tuan", "tui", "tun",  
"tuo", "wa", "wai", "wan", "wang", "wei", "wen", "weng", "wo", "wu", "xi", "xia", "xian", "xiang", "xiao", "xie", "xin", "xing", "xiong", "xiu", "xu", "xuan", "xue", "xun", "ya", "yan", "yang", "yao", "ye", "yi", "yin", "ying", "yo", "yong", "you", "yu", "yuan", "yue", "yun", "za", "zai", "zan", "zang", "zao", "ze", "zei", "zen", "zeng", "zha", "zhai", "zhan", "zhang", "zhao", "zhe", "zhen", "zheng", "zhi", "zhong", "zhou", "zhu", "zhua", "zhuai", "zhuan", "zhuang", "zhui", "zhun", "zhuo", "zi", "zong", "zou", "zu", "zuan", "zui", "zun", "zuo" };  

     private StringBuilder buffer;  

     private String resource;  

     private static ChineseSpelling chineseSpelling = new ChineseSpelling();  

     public static ChineseSpelling getInstance() {  
         return chineseSpelling;  
     }  

     public String getResource() {  
         return resource;  
     }  

     public void setResource(String resource) {  
         this.resource = resource;  
     }  

     private int getChsAscii(String chs) {  
         int asc = 0;  
         try {  
           byte[] bytes = chs.getBytes("gb2312");  
           if (bytes == null || bytes.length > 2 || bytes.length <= 0) { // 错误 
               throw new RuntimeException("illegal resource string");  
           }  
           if (bytes.length == 1) { // 英文字符 
               asc = bytes[0];  
           }  
           if (bytes.length == 2) { // 中文字符 
               int hightByte = 256 + bytes[0];  
               int lowByte = 256 + bytes[1];  
               asc = (256 * hightByte + lowByte) - 256 * 256;  
           }  
         } catch (Exception e) {  
            System.out.println("ERROR:ChineseSpelling.class-getChsAscii(String chs)" + e);
         }  
         return asc;  
     }  

     public String convert(String str) {  
         String result = null;  
         int ascii = getChsAscii(str);  

         if (ascii > 0 && ascii < 160) {  
             result = String.valueOf((char) ascii);  
         } else {  
             for (int i = (pyvalue.length - 1); i >= 0; i--) {  
                if (pyvalue[i] <= ascii) {  
                    result = pystr[i];  
                    break;  
                }  
             }  
         }  
         return result;  
     }  

     public String getSelling(String chs) {  
         String key, value;  
         buffer = new StringBuilder();  
         for (int i = 0; i < chs.length(); i++) {  
            key = chs.substring(i, i + 1);  
            if (key.getBytes().length == 2) {  
                value = (String) convert(key);  
                if (value == null) {  
                   value = "unknown";  
                }  
            } else {  
                value = key;  
            }  

            buffer.append(value);  
         }  
         return buffer.toString();  
     }  

     public String getSpelling() {  
         return this.getSelling(this.getResource());  
     }  

     public static void main(String[] args) {  
        // ChineseSpelling finder = new ChineseSpelling(); 

        ChineseSpelling finder = ChineseSpelling.getInstance();  
        finder.setResource("中文字符");  
        System.out.println(finder.getSpelling());  
        System.out.println(finder.getSelling("英文字符Eng"));  
     }
}