一步一步搭建GTK-DFB开发环境

 

 

 

一步一步搭建GTK-DFB 开发环境

Jiazhen<luojiazhen#gmail.com>

 

0. 概要

    GTK-DFB 环境存在于GDK 库中，它整合了GTK+ 工具集和DirectFB 视窗系统，就像GTK-X11 整合了GTK 和X11 ，GDK-WIN32 也起到了Windows GDI 一样的作用。GTK-DFB 主要面向嵌入式应用程序，而不是桌面应用程序。它不具备像X11 或者GDK-WIN32 那样全面的功能，却也足够开发复杂的应用程序，比如Linux 下的画图工具GIMP 。

    下面主要介绍GTK-DFB 开发环境的搭建。

※注意：

这里可以将GTKDFB 安装到/usr/local/dfb 目录下面，以免和系统中已经存在的X11 和DFB 应用程序相冲突。GTKDFB 的运行依赖于以下开发库：

jpeg libpng pkg-config gettext glib atk freetype DirectFB

libexpat fontconfig pixman cairo pango gtk libIDL

※准备：

需要创建以下目录

• mkdir /usr/local/dfb
• mkdir -p /usr/local/dfb/man/man1
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/bin
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/lib
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/etc
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/include
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/info
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/sbin
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/share
• mkdir /usr/local/dfb/src

在终端设置以下的环境变量，也可以写成脚本文件，如/root/export.sh

#!/bin/bash

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/dfb/lib

export PATH=/usr/local/dfb/bin/:$PATH

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/dfb/lib/pkgconfig

每次打开终端只需执行

#source /root/export.sh

 

 

 

1. GTK-DFB 环境搭建

       以下是我们需要安装的开发包，有详细的下载地址。有些版本可能有更新。希望尝试不同版本，碰到不同问题的人们，能够跟进补充。这里介绍的是已经测试通过的情况。

 

1.1 安装jpeg

• Package Name: jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
• Download URL: ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/v2.10/dependencies/jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • tar -xzvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz
  • cd jpeg-6b
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --without-x --enable-shared --without-libjasper
  • make
  • make install

1.2. 安装tiff

• Package Name: tiff-3.7.4.tar.gz
• Download URL: ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/v2.10/dependencies/tiff-3.7.4.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • tar zxvf tiff-3.7.4.tar.gz
  • cd tiff-3.7.4
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --without-x
  • make
  • make install

1.3 安装libpng

• Package Name: libpng-1.2.29.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://internap.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/libpng/libpng-1.2.29.tar.bz2
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf libpng-1.2.29.tar.bz2
  • cd libpng-1.2.29
  • cp ./scripts/makefile.linux ./Makefile
  • Change “prefix=/usr/local” to “prefix=/usr/local/dfb” (line no 31) in Makefile manually
  • make
  • make install

1.4 安装pkg-config [edit ]

• Package Name: pkg-config-0.22.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.22.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • tar zxvf pkg-config-0.22.tar.gz
  • cd pkg-config-0.22
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --without-x
  • make
  • make install

1.5 安装gettext

• Package Name: gettext-0.17.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gettext/
• Installation:
  • tar zxvf gettext-0.17.tar.gz
  • cd gettext-0.17
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install

Note: This package might not be required.

1.6 安装glib [edit ]

• Package Name: glib-2.16.3.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.16/glib-2.16.3.tar.bz2
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf glib-2.16.3.tar.bz2
  • cd glib-2.16.3
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install

1.7 安装atk [edit ]

• Package Name: atk-1.13.2.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/atk/1.13/atk-1.13.2.tar.bz2
• Installation
  • tar jxvf atk-1.13.2.tar.bz2
  • cd atk-1.13.2
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install

1.8 安装freetype [edit ]

• Package Name: freetype-2.3.5.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://superb-east.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/freetype/freetype-2.3.5.tar.bz2
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.bz2
  • cd freetype-2.3.5
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --without-x --enable-directfb --disable-xlib --disable-win32
  • make
  • make install

1.9 安装DirectFB [edit ]

• Package Name: DirectFB-1.1.1.tar.gz
• Patches: Download following patches and apply to the source.
  • 001-dfb-dok-list-crash-fix.patch
• Download URL: http://www.directfb.org/downloads/Core/DirectFB-1.1.1.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • apt-get install libsdl1.2-dev
  • tar zxvf DirectFB-1.1.1.tar.gz
  • cd DirectFB-1.1.1
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --enable-sdl
  • make
  • make install

After installing DirectFB, set it up to run over SDL on X11.

• Create .directfbrc under home directory.
• Add following lines to .directfbrc
  • wm=default
  • mode=800x600
  • depth=32
  • system=sdl
• As root user, run the following command
  • touch /usr/local/dfb/lib/libgdk-x11-2.0.so.0

1.10 安装libexpat

• Package Name: expat-2.0.1.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://expat.sourceforge.net/
• Installation:
  • tar zxvf expat-2.0.1.tar.gz
  • cd expat-2.0.1
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install

1.11 安装fontconfig

• Package Name: fontconfig-2.4.91.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://www.fontconfig.org/release/fontconfig-2.4.91.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • tar fontconfig-2.4.91.tar.gz
  • cd fontconfig-2.4.91
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --without-x --enable-directfb --disable-xlib --disable-win32
  • make
  • make install

1.12 安装pixman

• Package Name: pixman-0.10.0.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://www.cairographics.org/releases/pixman-0.10.0.tar.gz
• Installation:
  • tar -zxvf pixman-0.10.0.tar.gz
  • cd pixman-0.10.0
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install

 

1.13 安装cairo

• Package Name: cairo-1.6.4.tar.gz
• Download URL: http://www.cairographics.org/releases/cairo-1.6.4.tar.gz
• Patches: Download following patches and apply to the source.
  • 001-cairo_dfb-run-clipped-function.patch
  • 002-cairo_dfb-dest-image-clip.patch
  • 003-cairo_dfb-zero-box-clip-fix.patch
  • 004-cairo-blit-optimization.patch
  • 005-cairo-font-crash-fix.patch
• Installation:
  • tar -zxvf cairo-1.6.4.tar.gz
  • cd cairo-1.6.4
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --enable-directfb=yes --enable-xlib=no --enable-xlib-xrender=no --enable-xcb=no --without-x --disable-win32
  • make
  • make install

1.14 安装pango

• Package Name: pango-1.20.2.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/pango/1.20/pango-1.20.2.tar.bz2
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf pango-1.20.2.tar.bz2
  • cd pango-1.20.2
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --enable-cairo --without-x --disable-xlib --disable-win32
  • make
  • make install

1.15 安装gtk

• Package Name: gtk+-2.12.9.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/2.12/gtk+-2.12.9.tar.bz2
• Patches: Download the following patch and apply to the source.
  • 001-gtk+-2.12.9-dok4.patch
  • 002-gtk+-2.12.9-gdkkeys_fix.patch
  • 003-gtk+-2.12.9-dok-scroll-experimental.patch
  • 004-gtk+-2.12.9-dok-visual-fix.patch
  • 005-gtk+-2.12.9-dok-event-block-fix.patch
  • 006-gtk+-2.12.9-dok-set-default-display-fix.patch
  • 007-gtk+-2.12.9-dok-set-focus-fixes.patch
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf gtk+-2.12.9.tar.bz2
  • cd gtk+-2.12.9
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb --with-gdktarget=directfb --without-x
  • make
  • make install

1.16 安装libIDL

• Package Name: libIDL-0.8.5.tar.bz2
• Download URL: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/libIDL/0.8/libIDL-0.8.5.tar.bz2
• Installation:
  • tar jxvf libIDL-0.8.5.tar.bz2
  • cd libIDL-0.8.5
  • apt-get install flex
  • apt-get install bison
  • ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/dfb
  • make
  • make install
    

 

2 ．测试GTK-DFB 环境

    首先设置环境变量，如果之前写好了脚本export.sh 可以在终端直接执行：

#source export.sh

或者一步一步执行：

#export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/dfb/lib

#export PATH=/usr/local/dfb/bin/:$PATH

#export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/dfb/lib/pkgconfig

    之前安装了GTK 开发包，默认情况下，它自动编译了示例程序，这里可以直接运行：

#/usr/local/dfb/bin/gtk-demo

正常的话，就会看见在蓝色（也可能是别的颜色）的背景下弹出GTK 窗口。会发现GTK 窗口的边框消失了，看不见标题栏，最大化及最小化按钮了。这是因为没有用到到窗口管理器。但是DFB 提供了一些简单的消息处理。

Meta + Mouse 可以移动窗口

Meta + C 可以关闭窗口

Meta + X + Mousr Movement   可以改变窗口的层叠顺序

提示：Meta 键就是我们常说的Windows 键，键盘上那个带Windows 图标的就是。

 

 

3 ． 小结

以上是GTK-DFB 环境的搭建和简单测试。因为开源软件的更新和维护非常的频繁，所以我们需要注意到各个版本的更新，有时候需要及时打上补丁。当然最快捷的方式依照前人实际测试通过的环境来进行。

为了进一步熟悉环境，我们可以尝试运行GIMP,Mozilla-dfb 等经典应用实例。