.NET之FTP文件上传下载

转自MSDN

WebRequest是一个抽象类, HttpWebRequest和FtpWebRequest都是它的子类。

WebResponse也是一个抽象类, HttpWebResponse和FtpWebResponse都是它的子类。

WebRequest, HttpWebRequest能完成的工作WebClient也都能做，那他们有何区别？.Net框架中已经为我们提供了WebRequest和WebResponse两个强大的类来处理向URI标示的资源和获取数据了。然后，不足的是利用WebRequest和WebResponse时设置过于复杂。使用起来颇为费劲。于是乎有了现在的WebClient，WebClient其实可以理解为对WebRequest和WebResponse等协作的封装。它使人们使用起来更加简单方便，然后它也有先天不足的地方。那就是缺少对cookies/session的支持,用户无法对是否自动url转向的控制，还有就是缺少对代理服务器的支持。

使用异步操作将文件上载到 FTP 服务器

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;

using System.IO;
namespace Examples.System.Net
{
    public class FtpState
    {
        private ManualResetEvent wait;
        private FtpWebRequest request;
        private string fileName;
        private Exception operationException = null;
        string status;
        
        public FtpState()
        {
            wait = new ManualResetEvent(false);
        }
        
        public ManualResetEvent OperationComplete
        {
            get {return wait;}
        }
        
        public FtpWebRequest Request
        {
            get {return request;}
            set {request = value;}
        }
        
        public string FileName
        {
            get {return fileName;}
            set {fileName = value;}
        }
        public Exception OperationException
        {
            get {return operationException;}
            set {operationException = value;}
        }
        public string StatusDescription
        {
            get {return status;}
            set {status = value;}
        }
    }
    public class AsynchronousFtpUpLoader
    {  
        // Command line arguments are two strings:
        // 1. The url that is the name of the file being uploaded to the server.
        // 2. The name of the file on the local machine.
        //
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Create a Uri instance with the specified URI string.
            // If the URI is not correctly formed, the Uri constructor
            // will throw an exception.
            ManualResetEvent waitObject;
            
            Uri target = new Uri (args[0]);
            string fileName = args[1];
            FtpState state = new FtpState();
            FtpWebRequest request = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(target);
            request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.UploadFile;
            
            // This example uses anonymous logon.
            // The request is anonymous by default; the credential does not have to be specified. 
            // The example specifies the credential only to
            // control how actions are logged on the server.
            
            request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ("anonymous","[email protected]");
            
            // Store the request in the object that we pass into the
            // asynchronous operations.
            state.Request = request;
            state.FileName = fileName;
            
            // Get the event to wait on.
            waitObject = state.OperationComplete;
            
            // Asynchronously get the stream for the file contents.
            request.BeginGetRequestStream(
                new AsyncCallback (EndGetStreamCallback), 
                state
            );
            
            // Block the current thread until all operations are complete.
            waitObject.WaitOne();
            
            // The operations either completed or threw an exception.
            if (state.OperationException != null)
            {
                throw state.OperationException;
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The operation completed - {0}", state.StatusDescription);
            }
        }
        private static void EndGetStreamCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            FtpState state = (FtpState) ar.AsyncState;
            
            Stream requestStream = null;
            // End the asynchronous call to get the request stream.
            try
            {
                requestStream = state.Request.EndGetRequestStream(ar);
                // Copy the file contents to the request stream.
                const int bufferLength = 2048;
                byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLength];
                int count = 0;
                int readBytes = 0;
                FileStream stream = File.OpenRead(state.FileName);
                do
                {
                    readBytes = stream.Read(buffer, 0, bufferLength);
                    requestStream.Write(buffer, 0, readBytes);
                    count += readBytes;
                }
                while (readBytes != 0);
                Console.WriteLine ("Writing {0} bytes to the stream.", count);
                // IMPORTANT: Close the request stream before sending the request.
                requestStream.Close();
                // Asynchronously get the response to the upload request.
                state.Request.BeginGetResponse(
                    new AsyncCallback (EndGetResponseCallback), 
                    state
                );
            } 
            // Return exceptions to the main application thread.
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Could not get the request stream.");
                state.OperationException = e;
                state.OperationComplete.Set();
                return;
            }
           
        }
        
        // The EndGetResponseCallback method  
        // completes a call to BeginGetResponse.
        private static void EndGetResponseCallback(IAsyncResult ar)
        {
            FtpState state = (FtpState) ar.AsyncState;
            FtpWebResponse response = null;
            try 
            {
                response = (FtpWebResponse) state.Request.EndGetResponse(ar);
                response.Close();
                state.StatusDescription = response.StatusDescription;
                // Signal the main application thread that 
                // the operation is complete.
                state.OperationComplete.Set();
            }
            // Return exceptions to the main application thread.
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine ("Error getting response.");
                state.OperationException = e;
                state.OperationComplete.Set();
            }
        }
    }
}

如何使用 WebClient 类从 FTP 服务器下载文件

public static bool DisplayFileFromServer(Uri serverUri)
{
    // The serverUri parameter should start with the ftp:// scheme.
    if (serverUri.Scheme != Uri.UriSchemeFtp)
    {
        return false;
    }
    // Get the object used to communicate with the server.
    WebClient request = new WebClient();
    
    // This example assumes the FTP site uses anonymous logon.
    request.Credentials = new NetworkCredential ("anonymous","[email protected]");
    try 
    {
        byte [] newFileData = request.DownloadData (serverUri.ToString());
        string fileString = System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(newFileData);
        Console.WriteLine(fileString);
    }
    catch (WebException e)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(e.ToString());
    }
    return true;
}

如何从 FTP 服务器上删除文件

public static bool DeleteFileOnServer(Uri serverUri)
{
    // The serverUri parameter should use the ftp:// scheme.
    // It contains the name of the server file that is to be deleted.
    // Example: ftp://contoso.com/someFile.txt.
    // 
    
    if (serverUri.Scheme != Uri.UriSchemeFtp)
    {
        return false;
    }
    // Get the object used to communicate with the server.
    FtpWebRequest request = (FtpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(serverUri);
    request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Ftp.DeleteFile;
 
    FtpWebResponse response = (FtpWebResponse) request.GetResponse();
    Console.WriteLine("Delete status: {0}",response.StatusDescription);  
    response.Close();
    return true;
}