COM宏小结

//========================================================================
//TITLE:
//    COM宏小结
//AUTHOR:
//    norains
//DATE:
//    Wednesday  24-October-2007
//Environment:
//        EVC4.0 + Windows CE 5.0 Standard SDK
//========================================================================
    COM接口用到的宏主要有六个:STDMETHOD,STDMETHODIMP,STDMETHOD_,STDMETHODIMP_,SUCCEEDED,FAILED.
   
    我们首先来看看这六个宏的定义:
   
    STDMETHOD:
  #define STDMETHOD(method) virtual HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE method
  #ifdef _WIN32 // Win32 doesn't support __export
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __stdcall
  #else
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __export __stdcall
  #endif

  STDMETHODIMP:
  #define STDMETHODIMP HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE
  #ifdef _WIN32 // Win32 doesn't support __export
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __stdcall
  #else
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __export __stdcall
  #endif

  STDMETHOD_:
  #define STDMETHOD_(type,method) virtual type STDMETHODCALLTYPE method
  #ifdef _WIN32 // Win32 doesn't support __export
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __stdcall
  #else
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __export __stdcall
  #endif

  STDMETHODIMP_:
  #define STDMETHODIMP_(type) type STDMETHODCALLTYPE
  #ifdef _WIN32 // Win32 doesn't support __export
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __stdcall
  #else
  #define STDMETHODCALLTYPE __export __stdcall
  #endif

  SUCCEEDED:
  #define SUCCEEDED(Status) ((HRESULT)(Status) >= 0)

  FAILED:
  #define FAILED(Status) ((HRESULT)(Status)<0)


    由定义我们可以看出两点:
   
    1)STDMETHOD和STDMETHODIMP,STDMETHOD_和STDMETHODIMP_分别为一对,SUCCEEDED和FAILED为相反.
   
    2)STDMETHOD只是STDMETHOD_的简化版.
      比如这两个语句互为等价关系:
      STDMETHOD (QueryInterface) (REFIID riid, LPVOID * ppv);
      STDMETHOD_ (HRESULT,QueryInterface) (REFIID riid, LPVOID * ppv);
     
   
    既然有STDMETHOD,也有STDMETHODIMP,那么应该在什么情况下使用其中一个呢?
   
    如果继承的函数的声明和定义都在类内定义,则只需使用STDMETHOD即可,如:
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    //Browser.h
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    class CBrowser:public IOleContainer
    {
      ...
      STDMETHOD(LockContainer)(BOOL){return OK;}    
    }
   
    如果函数的定义在外部,那么声明采用STDMETHOD,定义时使用STDMETHODIMP
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    //Browser.h
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    class CBrowser:public IOleContainer
    {
      ...
      STDMETHOD(LockContainer)(BOOL);    
    }
   
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    //Browser.cpp
    //////////////////////////////////////////////
    STDMETHODIMP CBrowser::LockContainer(BOOL)
    {
     return S_OK;
    }
   
    如果将定义的STDMETHODIMP改为声明的STDMETHOD,则编译出错.同样的情况也出现于STDMETHOD_和STDMETHODIMP_. 

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