Java HTTP请求类封装
Java http请求类封装，当然也可以引用apache的httpclient，但是封装的目的就是减少jar包的引用，
package com.wiker; import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.InputStreamReader; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.InetAddress; import java.net.Socket; import java.net.URL; import java.net.URLConnection; import java.net.URLEncoder; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import java.util.Set; import java.util.Vector; /** * @author Wiker Yong Email:<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> * @date 2013-11-8 下午7:22:43 * @version 1.0-SNAPSHOT */ public class HttpUtils { private String defaultContentEncoding; public HttpUtils() { this.defaultContentEncoding = Charset.defaultCharset().name(); } /** * 发送GET请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "GET", null, null); } /** * 发送GET请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @param params 参数集合 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "GET", params, null); } /** * 发送GET请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @param params 参数集合 * @param propertys 请求属性 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendGet(String urlString, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> propertys) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "GET", params, propertys); } /** * 发送POST请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "POST", null, null); } /** * 发送POST请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @param params 参数集合 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString, Map<String, String> params) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "POST", params, null); } /** * 发送POST请求 * * @param urlString URL地址 * @param params 参数集合 * @param propertys 请求属性 * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ public HttpRespons sendPost(String urlString, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> propertys) throws IOException { return this.send(urlString, "POST", params, propertys); } /** * 发送HTTP请求 * * @param urlString 地址 * @param method get/post * @param parameters 添加由键值对指定的请求参数 * @param propertys 添加由键值对指定的一般请求属性 * @return 响映对象 * @throws IOException */ private HttpRespons send(String urlString, String method, Map<String, String> parameters, Map<String, String> propertys) throws IOException { HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null; if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("GET") && parameters != null) { StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer(); int i = 0; for (String key : parameters.keySet()) { if (i == 0) param.append("?"); else param.append("&"); param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key)); i++; } urlString += param; } URL url = new URL(urlString); urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); urlConnection.setRequestMethod(method); urlConnection.setDoOutput(true); urlConnection.setDoInput(true); urlConnection.setUseCaches(false); if (propertys != null) for (String key : propertys.keySet()) { urlConnection.addRequestProperty(key, propertys.get(key)); } if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("POST") && parameters != null) { StringBuffer param = new StringBuffer(); for (String key : parameters.keySet()) { param.append("&"); param.append(key).append("=").append(parameters.get(key)); } urlConnection.getOutputStream().write(param.toString().getBytes()); urlConnection.getOutputStream().flush(); urlConnection.getOutputStream().close(); } return this.makeContent(urlString, urlConnection); } /** * 得到响应对象 * * @param urlConnection * @return 响应对象 * @throws IOException */ private HttpRespons makeContent(String urlString, HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws IOException { HttpRespons httpResponser = new HttpRespons(); try { InputStream in = urlConnection.getInputStream(); BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in)); httpResponser.contentCollection = new Vector<String>(); StringBuffer temp = new StringBuffer(); String line = bufferedReader.readLine(); while (line != null) { httpResponser.contentCollection.add(line); temp.append(line).append("\r\n"); line = bufferedReader.readLine(); } bufferedReader.close(); String ecod = urlConnection.getContentEncoding(); if (ecod == null) ecod = this.defaultContentEncoding; httpResponser.urlString = urlString; httpResponser.defaultPort = urlConnection.getURL().getDefaultPort(); httpResponser.file = urlConnection.getURL().getFile(); httpResponser.host = urlConnection.getURL().getHost(); httpResponser.path = urlConnection.getURL().getPath(); httpResponser.port = urlConnection.getURL().getPort(); httpResponser.protocol = urlConnection.getURL().getProtocol(); httpResponser.query = urlConnection.getURL().getQuery(); httpResponser.ref = urlConnection.getURL().getRef(); httpResponser.userInfo = urlConnection.getURL().getUserInfo(); httpResponser.content = new String(temp.toString().getBytes(), ecod); httpResponser.contentEncoding = ecod; httpResponser.code = urlConnection.getResponseCode(); httpResponser.message = urlConnection.getResponseMessage(); httpResponser.contentType = urlConnection.getContentType(); httpResponser.method = urlConnection.getRequestMethod(); httpResponser.connectTimeout = urlConnection.getConnectTimeout(); httpResponser.readTimeout = urlConnection.getReadTimeout(); return httpResponser; } catch (IOException e) { throw e; } finally { if (urlConnection != null) urlConnection.disconnect(); } } /** * 默认的响应字符集 */ public String getDefaultContentEncoding() { return this.defaultContentEncoding; } /** * 发送GET请求 * @param url * @param params * @param headers * @return * @throws Exception */ public static URLConnection sendGetRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) throws Exception { StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(url); Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null; // 如果是GET请求，则请求参数在URL中 if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) { buf.append("?"); entrys = params.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) { buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=") .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8")) .append("&"); } buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1); } URL url1 = new URL(buf.toString()); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); // 设置请求头 if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) { entrys = headers.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) { conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } conn.getResponseCode(); return conn; } /** * 发送POST请求 * @param url * @param params * @param headers * @return * @throws Exception */ public static URLConnection sendPostRequest(String url, Map<String, String> params, Map<String, String> headers) throws Exception { StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder(); Set<Entry<String, String>> entrys = null; // 如果存在参数，则放在HTTP请求体，形如name=aaa&age=10 if (params != null && !params.isEmpty()) { entrys = params.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) { buf.append(entry.getKey()).append("=") .append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8")) .append("&"); } buf.deleteCharAt(buf.length() - 1); } URL url1 = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url1.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setDoOutput(true); OutputStream out = conn.getOutputStream(); out.write(buf.toString().getBytes("UTF-8")); if (headers != null && !headers.isEmpty()) { entrys = headers.entrySet(); for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : entrys) { conn.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()); } } conn.getResponseCode(); // 为了发送成功 return conn; } /** * 直接通过HTTP协议提交数据到服务器,实现如下面表单提交功能: * <FORM METHOD=POST ACTION="http://192.168.0.200:8080/ssi/fileload/test.do" enctype="multipart/form-data"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name"> <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="id"> <input type="file" name="imagefile"/> <input type="file" name="zip"/> </FORM> * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean uploadFiles(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile[] files) throws Exception{ final String BOUNDARY = "---------------------------7da2137580612"; //数据分隔线 final String endline = "--" + BOUNDARY + "--\r\n";//数据结束标志 int fileDataLength = 0; if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){ for(FormFile uploadFile : files){//得到文件类型数据的总长度 StringBuilder fileExplain = new StringBuilder(); fileExplain.append("--"); fileExplain.append(BOUNDARY); fileExplain.append("\r\n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n"); fileExplain.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n"); fileExplain.append("\r\n"); fileDataLength += fileExplain.length(); if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getFile().length(); }else{ fileDataLength += uploadFile.getData().length; } } } StringBuilder textEntity = new StringBuilder(); if(params!=null&&!params.isEmpty()){ for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()) {//构造文本类型参数的实体数据 textEntity.append("--"); textEntity.append(BOUNDARY); textEntity.append("\r\n"); textEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\""+ entry.getKey() + "\"\r\n\r\n"); textEntity.append(entry.getValue()); textEntity.append("\r\n"); } } //计算传输给服务器的实体数据总长度 int dataLength = textEntity.toString().getBytes().length + fileDataLength + endline.getBytes().length; URL url = new URL(path); int port = url.getPort()==-1 ? 80 : url.getPort(); Socket socket = new Socket(InetAddress.getByName(url.getHost()), port); OutputStream outStream = socket.getOutputStream(); //下面完成HTTP请求头的发送 String requestmethod = "POST "+ url.getPath()+" HTTP/1.1\r\n"; outStream.write(requestmethod.getBytes()); String accept = "Accept: image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*\r\n"; outStream.write(accept.getBytes()); String language = "Accept-Language: zh-CN\r\n"; outStream.write(language.getBytes()); String contenttype = "Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary="+ BOUNDARY+ "\r\n"; outStream.write(contenttype.getBytes()); String contentlength = "Content-Length: "+ dataLength + "\r\n"; outStream.write(contentlength.getBytes()); String alive = "Connection: Keep-Alive\r\n"; outStream.write(alive.getBytes()); String host = "Host: "+ url.getHost() +":"+ port +"\r\n"; outStream.write(host.getBytes()); //写完HTTP请求头后根据HTTP协议再写一个回车换行 outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes()); //把所有文本类型的实体数据发送出来 outStream.write(textEntity.toString().getBytes()); //把所有文件类型的实体数据发送出来 if(files!=null&&files.length!=0){ for(FormFile uploadFile : files){ StringBuilder fileEntity = new StringBuilder(); fileEntity.append("--"); fileEntity.append(BOUNDARY); fileEntity.append("\r\n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Disposition: form-data;name=\""+ uploadFile.getParameterName()+"\";filename=\""+ uploadFile.getFilname() + "\"\r\n"); fileEntity.append("Content-Type: "+ uploadFile.getContentType()+"\r\n\r\n"); outStream.write(fileEntity.toString().getBytes()); if(uploadFile.getInStream()!=null){ byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while((len = uploadFile.getInStream().read(buffer, 0, 1024))!=-1){ outStream.write(buffer, 0, len); } uploadFile.getInStream().close(); }else{ outStream.write(uploadFile.getData(), 0, uploadFile.getData().length); } outStream.write("\r\n".getBytes()); } } //下面发送数据结束标志，表示数据已经结束 outStream.write(endline.getBytes()); BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())); if(reader.readLine().indexOf("200")==-1){//读取web服务器返回的数据，判断请求码是否为200，如果不是200，代表请求失败 return false; } outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); reader.close(); socket.close(); return true; } /** * 提交数据到服务器 * @param path 上传路径(注：避免使用localhost或127.0.0.1这样的路径测试，因为它会指向手机模拟器，你可以使用http://www.itcast.cn或http://192.168.1.10:8080这样的路径测试) * @param params 请求参数 key为参数名,value为参数值 * @param file 上传文件 */ public static boolean uploadFile(String path, Map<String, String> params, FormFile file) throws Exception{ return uploadFiles(path, params, new FormFile[]{file}); } /** * 将输入流转为字节数组 * @param inStream * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] read2Byte(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{ ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){ outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len); } outSteam.close(); inStream.close(); return outSteam.toByteArray(); } /** * 将输入流转为字符串 * @param inStream * @return * @throws Exception */ public static String read2String(InputStream inStream)throws Exception{ ByteArrayOutputStream outSteam = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while( (len = inStream.read(buffer)) !=-1 ){ outSteam.write(buffer, 0, len); } outSteam.close(); inStream.close(); return new String(outSteam.toByteArray(),"UTF-8"); } /** * 发送xml数据 * @param path 请求地址 * @param xml xml数据 * @param encoding 编码 * @return * @throws Exception */ public static byte[] postXml(String path, String xml, String encoding) throws Exception{ byte[] data = xml.getBytes(encoding); URL url = new URL(path); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setDoOutput(true); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "text/xml; charset="+ encoding); conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length)); conn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); OutputStream outStream = conn.getOutputStream(); outStream.write(data); outStream.flush(); outStream.close(); if(conn.getResponseCode()==200){ return read2Byte(conn.getInputStream()); } return null; } //测试函数 public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception { Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("name", "xiazdong"); params.put("age", "10"); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) sendGetRequest( "http://192.168.0.103:8080/Server/PrintServlet", params, null); int code = conn.getResponseCode(); InputStream in = conn.getInputStream(); byte[]data = read2Byte(in); } /** * 设置默认的响应字符集 */ public void setDefaultContentEncoding(String defaultContentEncoding) { this.defaultContentEncoding = defaultContentEncoding; } }
需要引用到的文件FormFile.java如下：
package com.wiker;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.InputStream;
/**
* 上传文件
*/
public class FormFile {
/* 上传文件的数据 */
private byte[] data;
private InputStream inStream;
private File file;
/* 文件名称 */
private String filname;
/* 请求参数名称*/
private String parameterName;
/* 内容类型 */
private String contentType = "application/octet-stream";
/**
* 此函数用来传输小文件
* @param filname
* @param data
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
public FormFile(String filname, byte[] data, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.data = data;
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}
/**
* 此函数用来传输大文件
* @param filname
* @param file
* @param parameterName
* @param contentType
*/
public FormFile(String filname, File file, String parameterName, String contentType) {
this.filname = filname;
this.parameterName = parameterName;
this.file = file;
try {
this.inStream = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if(contentType!=null) this.contentType = contentType;
}
public File getFile() {
return file;
}
public InputStream getInStream() {
return inStream;
}
public byte[] getData() {
return data;
}
public String getFilname() {
return filname;
}
public void setFilname(String filname) {
this.filname = filname;
}
public String getParameterName() {
return parameterName;
}
public void setParameterName(String parameterName) {
this.parameterName = parameterName;
}
public String getContentType() {
return contentType;
}
public void setContentType(String contentType) {
this.contentType = contentType;
}
}