Android实战简易教程-第六十六枪（服务器端搭建和服务器端Json数据交互）
学习Android有一段时间了，对服务器端有很深的好奇，决定对服务器端的实现进行一些研究，这里实现了一个简单的小例子，用于获取服务器端的json数据，例子很简单，适合初学者学习使用。
服务器端
首先我们搭建服务器端，服务器端使用struct2架构，对该架构不熟悉的人可以花一点时间看看慕课网上的相关视频，这里用myeclipse实现服务器端。
新建一个web工程，这里要引入struct2相关，方法是：点击新建的web工程邮件-》myeclipse选项-》project facets->选择安装struct2相关即可。
看一下相关代码：
struts.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="GBK"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="struts2" extends="struts-default" namespace="/">
<action name="getjson" class="com.shao.action.JSONAction" method="json">
<result name="success">index.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>Test2</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
下面是JSONAction.java:
package com.shao.action;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.shao.domain.Music;
public class JSONAction extends ActionSupport implements ServletRequestAware,
ServletResponseAware {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = -3604892179657815531L;
private HttpServletRequest request;
private HttpServletResponse response;
private String format;
public String getFormat() {
return format;
}
public void setFormat(String format) {
this.format = format;
}
@Override
public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
this.request = request;
}
@Override
public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse response) {
this.response = response;
}
public void json(){
List<Music> list = new ArrayList<Music>();
Gson gson = new Gson();
Music m1 = new Music();
m1.setId(1);
m1.setAuthor("周杰伦");
m1.setName("外婆");
m1.setTime("04:04");
list.add(m1);
Music m2 = new Music();
m2.setId(2);
m2.setAuthor("周杰伦");
m2.setName("半兽人");
m2.setTime("04:05");
list.add(m2);
Music m3 = new Music();
m3.setId(3);
m3.setAuthor("周杰伦");
m3.setName("乌克丽丽");
m3.setTime("02:55");
list.add(m3);
java.lang.reflect.Type type = new com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken<List<Music>>() {
}.getType(); //指定type
String beanListToJson = gson.toJson(list,type); //list转换成json字符串
System.out.println("GSON-->"+beanListToJson);
try {
response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
this.response.getWriter().write(beanListToJson);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
最后是Music类：（这个类在Android程序中也需要）
package com.shao.domain;
public class Music {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private String time;
private String author;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getTime() {
return time;
}
public void setTime(String time) {
this.time = time;
}
public String getAuthor() {
return author;
}
public void setAuthor(String author) {
this.author = author;
}
}
好了，下面选择工程右键：run as->myeclipse server application:
注意，本项目的端口选择的是8888，yayun表示本机。
这时在浏览器地址栏输入：http://yayun:8888/Test2/getjson.action
出现如下 ：
说明服务器端搭建成功。另外，本系统json解析用到了Gson的jar包，要自己导入哦，下载Gson引入到项目中，Android端也需要这个jar包。
移动端
移动端用eclipse实现
首先是JsonClientActivity:
package com.test.demo;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import com.example.testandroid.R;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ListView;
import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;
public class JsonClientActivity extends Activity {
private Button update;
private ListView listView;
private String jsonResult;
private Handler handler=new Handler(){
public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {
jsonResult=(String) msg.obj;
};
};
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
update = (Button) findViewById(R.id.update);
listView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.list);
update.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
String urlStr = "http://192.168.0.103:8888/Test2/getjson.action";
getJson(urlStr);
String jString=jsonResult;
List<Music> list = GsonUtil.getListFromJson(jString);
System.out.println(list);
if (list != null) {
System.out.println(list);
List<Map<String, Object>> data = getAdapterData(list);
SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(JsonClientActivity.this, data, R.layout.list,
new String[] { "name", "author", "time" }, new int[] { R.id.name, R.id.author, R.id.time });
listView.setAdapter(adapter);
}
}
});
}
private List<Map<String, Object>> getAdapterData(List list) {
List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
Music music = (Music) list.get(i);
map.put("name", music.getName());
map.put("author", music.getAuthor());
map.put("time", music.getTime());
data.add(map);
}
return data;
}
/**
* 异步获取json字符串
* @param url
*/
public void getJson(final String url){
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
URL urlString;
try {
urlString = new URL(url);
HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection=(HttpURLConnection) urlString.openConnection();
httpURLConnection.setConnectTimeout(5000);
httpURLConnection.setDoInput(true);
httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
httpURLConnection.connect();
InputStream inputStream=httpURLConnection.getInputStream();
InputStreamReader inputStreamReader=new InputStreamReader(inputStream);
BufferedReader bufferedReader=new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);
StringBuilder stringBuilder=new StringBuilder();
String line;
while ((line=bufferedReader.readLine())!=null) {
stringBuilder.append(line);
}
System.out.println(new String());
Message message=new Message();
message.obj=new String(stringBuilder.toString());
handler.sendMessage(message);
} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
}
}
然后是工具类：
package com.test.demo;
import java.util.List;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
public class GsonUtil {
public static List<Music> getListFromJson(String json){
java.lang.reflect.Type type = new com.google.gson.reflect.TypeToken<List<Music>>() {
}.getType();
Gson gson = new Gson();
List<Music> list = gson.fromJson(json, type);
return list;
}
}
布局类很简单就不写了，可以自行下载源码。运行Android程序：
运行不成功的注意网络权限。
源码下载：
服务器端
Android端
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