SpringMVC+Hibernate+Spring整合实例（一）

SpringMVC又一个漂亮的web框架，他与Struts2并驾齐驱，Struts出世早而占据了一定优势，我在博客《Struts1+Hibernate+Spring整合实例》中做了一个简单的实例，介绍了SSH1的基本搭建方式，Struts2是根据Struts1发展而来，博客中就没有贴SSH2的例子，只对比了下Struts1和Struts2异同，通过对比，SSH2的搭建基本不在话下了。下面同样做一个简单的应用实例，介绍SpringMVC的基本用法，接下来的博客也将梳理一下Struts2和SpringMVC的一些异同，通过梳理和旧知识的联系，让学习的成本变低，花很短的时间就可以了解一门貌似新的技术，其实本质没变。

下面开始实例，这个实例的需求是对用户信息进行增删改查。首先创建一个web项目test_ssh，目录结构及需要的Jar包如下图：

创建一个User实体类，放在Entity包下，采用注解的方式：

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1. package com.tgb.entity; 
2.  
3. import javax.persistence.Column; 
4. import javax.persistence.Entity; 
5. import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; 
6. import javax.persistence.Id; 
7. import javax.persistence.Table; 
8.  
9. import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; 
10.  
11. @Entity 
12. @Table(name="T_USER") 
13. public class User { 
14.  
15.     @Id 
16.     @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid") 
17.     @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid") 
18.     @Column(length=32) 
19.     private String id; 
20.      
21.     @Column(length=32) 
22.     private String userName; 
23.      
24.     @Column(length=32) 
25.     private String age; 
26.  
27.     public String getId() { 
28.         return id; 
29.     } 
30.  
31.     public void setId(String id) { 
32.         this.id = id; 
33.     } 
34.  
35.     public String getUserName() { 
36.         return userName; 
37.     } 
38.  
39.     public void setUserName(String userName) { 
40.         this.userName = userName; 
41.     } 
42.  
43.     public String getAge() { 
44.         return age; 
45.     } 
46.  
47.     public void setAge(String age) { 
48.         this.age = age; 
49.     } 
50.      
51. } 

本篇关于SpringMVC基本都会采用注解的方式，首先配置好数据源以及事务spring-common.xml，放在config.spring包下：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
5.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
7.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> 
8.      
9.     <!-- 配置数据源 --> 
10.     <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" > 
11.         <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> 
12.         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test_ssh"></property> 
13.         <property name="username" value="root"></property> 
14.         <property name="password" value="1"></property> 
15.     </bean> 
16.      
17.     <!-- 配置SessionFactory --> 
18.     <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> 
19.         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> 
20.         <property name="hibernateProperties"> 
21.             <props> 
22.                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> 
23.                 <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
24.                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
25.                 <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop> 
26.             </props> 
27.         </property> 
28.         <property name="annotatedClasses"> 
29.             <list> 
30.                 <value>com.tgb.entity.User</value> 
31.             </list> 
32.         </property> 
33.     </bean> 
34.      
35.     <!-- 配置一个事务管理器 --> 
36.     <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> 
37.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> 
38.     </bean> 
39.      
40.     <!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 --> 
41.     <bean id="transactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">   
42.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>   
43.         <property name="transactionAttributes">   
44.             <props>   
45.                 <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>   
46.                 <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop>   
47.                 <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
48.                 <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
49.             </props>   
50.         </property>   
51.     </bean>  
52. </beans> 

然后配置关于SpringMVC的内容，下面配置中都有注释说明，就不再赘述，spring-mvc.xml放在config.spring包下：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
4.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
5.     xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
6.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
7.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
8.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
9.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
10.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
11.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
12.      
13.     <!-- 注解扫描包 --> 
14.     <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb" /> 
15.  
16.     <!-- 开启注解 --> 
17.     <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
18.      
19.     <!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 --> 
20.     <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> 
21.  
22.     <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->   
23.     <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> 
24.         <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> 
25.         <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> 
26.     </bean> 
27. </beans> 

完成这些共用的配置之后，来配置web项目起点web.xml：

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1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
2. <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
3.   <display-name>json_test</display-name> 
4.   <welcome-file-list> 
5.     <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> 
6.   </welcome-file-list> 
7.    
8.   <!-- 加载所有的配置文件 --> 
9.   <context-param> 
10.     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
11.     <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value> 
12.   </context-param> 
13.    
14.   <!-- 配置Spring监听 --> 
15.   <listener> 
16.     <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> 
17.   </listener> 
18.    
19.   <!-- 配置SpringMVC --> 
20.   <servlet> 
21.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
22.     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
23.     <init-param> 
24.         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
25.         <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value> 
26.     </init-param> 
27.     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> 
28.   </servlet> 
29.   <servlet-mapping> 
30.     <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
31.     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> 
32.   </servlet-mapping> 
33.    
34.   <!-- 配置字符集 --> 
35.   <filter> 
36.     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
37.     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
38.     <init-param> 
39.         <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
40.         <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
41.     </init-param> 
42.     <init-param> 
43.         <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> 
44.         <param-value>true</param-value> 
45.     </init-param> 
46.   </filter> 
47.   <filter-mapping> 
48.     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
49.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
50.   </filter-mapping> 
51.    
52.   <!-- 配置Session --> 
53.   <filter> 
54.     <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
55.     <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> 
56.   </filter> 
57.   <filter-mapping> 
58.     <filter-name>openSession</filter-name> 
59.     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
60.   </filter-mapping> 
61. </web-app> 

读者需自行下载jquery包，放到webContent文件夹下的js包下。然后创建几个测试页面，分别如下：

Login.jsp，项目的入口界面。

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1. <h5><a href="/test_ssh/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5> 

Index.jsp，用户管理的主界面

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1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
3. <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> 
4. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
5. <html> 
6. <head> 
7. <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
8. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
9. <title>Insert title here</title> 
10. <script type="text/javascript"> 
11.     function del(id){ 
12.         $.get("/test_ssh/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){ 
13.             if("success" == data.result){ 
14.                 alert("删除成功"); 
15.                 window.location.reload(); 
16.             }else{ 
17.                 alert("删除失败"); 
18.             } 
19.         }); 
20.     } 
21. </script> 
22. </head> 
23. <body> 
24.     <h6><a href="/test_ssh/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6> 
25.     <table border="1"> 
26.         <tbody> 
27.             <tr> 
28.                 <th>姓名</th> 
29.                 <th>年龄</th> 
30.                 <th>操作</th> 
31.             </tr> 
32.             <c:if test="${!empty userList }"> 
33.                 <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user"> 
34.                     <tr> 
35.                         <td>${user.userName }</td> 
36.                         <td>${user.age }</td> 
37.                         <td> 
38.                             <a href="/test_ssh/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a> 
39.                             <a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a> 
40.                         </td> 
41.                     </tr>              
42.                 </c:forEach> 
43.             </c:if> 
44.         </tbody> 
45.     </table> 
46. </body> 
47. </html> 

addUser.jsp，添加用户界面

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1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" 
2.     pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
4. <html> 
5. <head> 
6. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
7. <title>Insert title here</title> 
8. <script type="text/javascript"> 
9.     function addUser(){ 
10.         var form = document.forms[0]; 
11.         form.action = "/test_ssh/user/addUser"; 
12.         form.method="post"; 
13.         form.submit(); 
14.     } 
15. </script> 
16. </head> 
17. <body> 
18.     <h1>添加用户</h1> 
19.     <form action="" name="userForm"> 
20.         姓名：<input type="text" name="userName"> 
21.         年龄：<input type="text" name="age"> 
22.         <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()"> 
23.     </form> 
24. </body> 
25. </html> 

editUser.jsp，修改用户信息界面。

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1. <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"   pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> 
2. <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>   
3. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
4. <html> 
5. <head> 
6. <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script> 
7. <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> 
8. <title>Insert title here</title> 
9. </head> 
10. <body> 
11.     <h1>编辑用户</h1> 
12.     <form action="/test_ssh/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post"> 
13.         <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }"> 
14.         姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }"> 
15.         年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }"> 
16.         <input type="submit" value="编辑" > 
17.     </form> 
18. </body> 
19. </html>