安装的redhat版本
[linfeng@localhost ~]$ lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :core-3.1-ia32:core-3.1-noarch:graphics-3.1-ia32:graphics-3.1-noarch
Distributor ID: RedHatEnterpriseServer
Description: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.4 (Tikanga)
Release: 5.4
Codename: Tikanga
1.下载gcc-4.6.1安装包
gcc各版本浏览地址:http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/gcc/
2.将gcc-4.6.1.tar.bz2放到/opt文件夹下解压
[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# tar -xjvf gcc-4.8.3.tar.bz2
3.创建安装目录
[root@localhost opt]# mkdir /usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/
4.进入安装目录
[root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/
5.配置安装文件
[root@localhost gcc-4.8.3]# /opt/gcc-4.8.3/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3
(执行源目录 /opt/gcc-4.8.3/中的configure命令,配置将gcc安装到目标目录/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/下,这里–prefix选项代表要将该库安装在哪里,我是装在/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3目录下,后面的安装都会用到这个选项)
如果执行这步的时候出现了如下错误:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 2.3.1+ and MPC 0.8.0+.
Try the --with-gmp, --with-mpfr and/or --with-mpc options to specify
their locations.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
错误说明要安装gcc需要GMP、MPFR、MPC这三个库,可从ftp://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/下载相应的压缩包。由于MPFR依赖GMP,而MPC依赖GMP和MPFR,所以要先安装GMP,其次MPFR,最后才是MPC。这里三个库我用的版本分别是gmp4.3.2,mpfr2.4.2和mpc0.8.1,都放在 /opt文件夹下。
①.安装gmp4.3.2
[
root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf gmp-4.3.2.tar.bz2
[
root@localhost opt]# mkdir /usr/local/gmp-4.3.2
[
root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/gmp-4.3.2
[
root@localhost gmp-4.3.2]# /opt/gmp-4.3.2/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2
[
root@localhost gmp-4.3.2]# make (编译)
[
root@localhost gmp-4.3.2]# make install (执行安装)
②安装mpfr2.4.2
[
root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf mpfr2.4.2.tar.bz2
[
root@localhost opt]# mkdir /usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2
[
root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2
[
root@localhost mpfr-2.4.2]# /opt/mpfr-2.4.2/configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2
(注意配置的时候要把依赖关系选项加进去)
[
root@localhost mpfr-2.4.2]# make
[
root@localhost mpfr-2.4.2]# make install
③安装mpc0.8.1
[
root@localhost opt]# tar jxvf gmpc0.8.1.tar.bz2
[
root@localhost opt]# mkdir /usr/local/mpc-0.8.1
[
root@localhost opt]# cd /usr/local/mpc-0.8.1
[
root@localhost mpc-0.8.1]# /opt/mpc-0.8.1/configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2
[
root@localhost mpc-0.8.1]# make
[
root@localhost mpc-0.8.1]# make install
④再次安装GCC 配置安装选项
[
root@localhost mpc-0.8.1]# cd /usr/local/gcc-
4.8.3
[
root@localhost gcc-
4.8.3]# /opt/gcc-
4.8.3/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-
4.8.3 -enable-threads=posix -disable-checking -disable-multilib -enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1
6.编译安装文件
[
root@localhost gcc-4.8.3]# make
大概需要1个小时左右
第二个错误出现了:
打开/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/i686-pc-linux-gnu/libgcc/config.log
ctrl+f查找error 发现如下错误
/----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/./gcc/cc1: error while loading shared libraries: libmpc.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
configure:3058: $? = 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------/
在网上找到了解决方法,需要添加环境变量LD_LIBRARY_PATH以指出前面三个库的位置,键入以下命令:
[root@localhost gcc-4.8.3]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/mpc-0.8.1/lib:/usr/local/gmp-4.3.2/lib:/usr/local/mpfr-2.4.2/lib
再次执行步骤6→
大概三小时后···
终于编译成功了,效果图入下:
7.执行安装gcc
[root@localhost gcc-4.8.3]# make install
[root@localhost gcc-4.8.3]#
如果不出意外,那么到现在应该安装成功了,不过还是不能使用新版本的gcc,因为新版本的gcc还没有加入命令搜索路径中!
8.建立软链接
[root@localhost /]# sudo ln -s /usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/bin/gcc gcc48
[root@localhost /]# sudo ln -s /usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/bin/g++ g++48
9.添加环境变量
[root@localhost linfeng]# export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/gcc-4.8.3/bin/