[工作日志]生成最新版本的证书认证(访问缺少安全证书时出现的异常)

PKIX path building failed问题：
在执行webservice访问：192.168.1.20：636，出现如下异常：
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初始化失败:javax.naming.CommunicationException: simple bind failed: 192.168.1.20:636 [Root exception is javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target]
添加用户失败:javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
添加密码失败:javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
添加属性值失败:memberOf:archermind--javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
添加属性值失败:memberOf:archermind-01--javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
添加属性值失败:memberOf:Proxy100--javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
初始化失败:javax.naming.CommunicationException: simple bind failed: 192.168.1.20:636 [Root exception is javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target]
添加属性值失败:memberOf:nanjing--javax.naming.NoInitialContextException: Need to specify class name in environment or system property, or as an applet parameter, or in an application resource file: java.naming.factory.initial
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原因分析：这是192.168.1.20：636访问缺少安全证书时出现的异常
解决方案：在服务器上，利用一个专门获取安全证书的程序，参考InstallCert.java，将安全证书复制到服务器/usr/lib/java/jdk1.6.0_33/jre/lib/security下：
首先进入到InstallCert.java文件目录下：
1，执行javac InstallCert.java   （重点：都是在服务器上执行）
2，执行 java InstallCert hostname 比如 （重点：都是在服务器上执行）
   java InstallCert 192.168.1.20：636
3，会看到如下信息：
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java InstallCert ecc.fedora.redhat.com
Loading KeyStore /usr/lib/java/jdk1.6.0_33/jre/lib/security/cacerts...
Opening connection to ecc.fedora.redhat.com:443...
Starting SSL handshake...

javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Alerts.getSSLException(Alerts.java:150)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.fatal(SSLSocketImpl.java:1476)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:174)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.fatalSE(Handshaker.java:168)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:846)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.processMessage(ClientHandshaker.java:106)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.processLoop(Handshaker.java:495)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.Handshaker.process_record(Handshaker.java:433)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.readRecord(SSLSocketImpl.java:815)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.performInitialHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1025)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.SSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(SSLSocketImpl.java:1038)
at InstallCert.main(InstallCert.java:63)
Caused by: sun.security.validator.ValidatorException: PKIX path building failed: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:221)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.engineValidate(PKIXValidator.java:145)
at sun.security.validator.Validator.validate(Validator.java:203)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.X509TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(X509TrustManagerImpl.java:172)
at InstallCert$SavingTrustManager.checkServerTrusted(InstallCert.java:158)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.JsseX509TrustManager.checkServerTrusted(SSLContextImpl.java:320)
at com.sun.net.ssl.internal.ssl.ClientHandshaker.serverCertificate(ClientHandshaker.java:839)
... 7 more
Caused by: sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilderException: unable to find valid certification path to requested target
at sun.security.provider.certpath.SunCertPathBuilder.engineBuild(SunCertPathBuilder.java:236)
at java.security.cert.CertPathBuilder.build(CertPathBuilder.java:194)
at sun.security.validator.PKIXValidator.doBuild(PKIXValidator.java:216)
... 13 more

Server sent 2 certificate(s):

1 Subject CN=ecc.fedora.redhat.com, O=example.com, C=US
   Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   sha1    2e 7f 76 9b 52 91 09 2e 5d 8f 6b 61 39 2d 5e 06 e4 d8 e9 c7
   md5     dd d1 a8 03 d7 6c 4b 11 a7 3d 74 28 89 d0 67 54

2 Subject CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   Issuer CN=Certificate Shack, O=example.com, C=US
   sha1    fb 58 a7 03 c4 4e 3b 0e e3 2c 40 2f 87 64 13 4d df e1 a1 a6
   md5     72 a0 95 43 7e 41 88 18 ae 2f 6d 98 01 2c 89 68

Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]
3.输入1，然后直接回车，会在相应的目录下产生一个名为‘jssecacerts’的证书。
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4，将证书copy到$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security目录下（重点：都是在服务器上执行）
5，注意：因为是静态加载，所以要重新启动你的Web Server，证书才能生效。
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×××××××××××××××××InstallCert.java代码如下：*×××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××××
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import java.io.BufferedReader;  
import java.io.File;  
import java.io.FileInputStream;  
import java.io.FileOutputStream;  
import java.io.InputStream;  
import java.io.InputStreamReader;  
import java.io.OutputStream;  
import java.security.KeyStore;  
import java.security.MessageDigest;  
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;  
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;  
 
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocket;  
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;  
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;  
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;  

public class InstallCert {
    
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {  
            String host;  
            int port;  
            char[] passphrase;  
            if ((args.length == 1) || (args.length == 2)) {  
                String[] c = args[0].split(":");  
                host = c[0];  
                port = (c.length == 1) ? 443 : Integer.parseInt(c[1]);  
                String p = (args.length == 1) ? "changeit" : args[1];  
                passphrase = p.toCharArray();  
            } else {  
                System.out  
                        .println("Usage: java InstallCert <host>[:port] [passphrase]");  
                return;  
            }  
      
            File file = new File("jssecacerts");  
            if (file.isFile() == false) {  
                char SEP = File.separatorChar;  
                File dir = new File(System.getProperty("java.home") + SEP + "lib"  
                        + SEP + "security");  
                file = new File(dir, "jssecacerts");  
                if (file.isFile() == false) {  
                    file = new File(dir, "cacerts");  
                }  
            }  
            System.out.println("Loading KeyStore " + file + "...");  
            InputStream in = new FileInputStream(file);  
            KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());  
            ks.load(in, passphrase);  
            in.close();  
      
            SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");  
            TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory  
                    .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());  
            tmf.init(ks);  
            X509TrustManager defaultTrustManager = (X509TrustManager) tmf  
                    .getTrustManagers()[0];  
            SavingTrustManager tm = new SavingTrustManager(defaultTrustManager);  
            context.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);  
            SSLSocketFactory factory = context.getSocketFactory();  
      
            System.out  
                    .println("Opening connection to " + host + ":" + port + "...");  
            SSLSocket socket = (SSLSocket) factory.createSocket(host, port);  
            socket.setSoTimeout(10000);  
            try {  
                System.out.println("Starting SSL handshake...");  
                socket.startHandshake();  
                socket.close();  
                System.out.println();  
                System.out.println("No errors, certificate is already trusted");  
            } catch (SSLException e) {  
                System.out.println();  
                e.printStackTrace(System.out);  
            }  
      
            X509Certificate[] chain = tm.chain;  
            if (chain == null) {  
                System.out.println("Could not obtain server certificate chain");  
                return;  
            }  
      
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(  
                    System.in));  
      
            System.out.println();  
            System.out.println("Server sent " + chain.length + " certificate(s):");  
            System.out.println();  
            MessageDigest sha1 = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA1");  
            MessageDigest md5 = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");  
            for (int i = 0; i < chain.length; i++) {  
                X509Certificate cert = chain[i];  
                System.out.println(" " + (i + 1) + " Subject "  
                        + cert.getSubjectDN());  
                System.out.println("   Issuer  " + cert.getIssuerDN());  
                sha1.update(cert.getEncoded());  
                System.out.println("   sha1    " + toHexString(sha1.digest()));  
                md5.update(cert.getEncoded());  
                System.out.println("   md5     " + toHexString(md5.digest()));  
                System.out.println();  
            }  
      
            System.out  
                    .println("Enter certificate to add to trusted keystore or 'q' to quit: [1]");  
            String line = reader.readLine().trim();  
            int k;  
            try {  
                k = (line.length() == 0) ? 0 : Integer.parseInt(line) - 1;  
            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {  
                System.out.println("KeyStore not changed");  
                return;  
            }  
      
            X509Certificate cert = chain[k];  
            String alias = host + "-" + (k + 1);  
            ks.setCertificateEntry(alias, cert);  
      
            OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream("jssecacerts");  
            ks.store(out, passphrase);  
            out.close();  
      
            System.out.println();  
            System.out.println(cert);  
            System.out.println();  
            System.out  
                    .println("Added certificate to keystore 'jssecacerts' using alias '"  
                            + alias + "'");  
        }  
      
        private static final char[] HEXDIGITS = "0123456789abcdef".toCharArray();  
      
        private static String toHexString(byte[] bytes) {  
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.length * 3);  
            for (int b : bytes) {  
                b &= 0xff;  
                sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b >> 4]);  
                sb.append(HEXDIGITS[b & 15]);  
                sb.append(' ');  
            }  
            return sb.toString();  
        }  
      
        private static class SavingTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {  
      
            private final X509TrustManager tm;  
            private X509Certificate[] chain;  
      
            SavingTrustManager(X509TrustManager tm) {  
                this.tm = tm;  
            }  
      
            public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {  
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
            }  
      
            public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                    throws CertificateException {  
                throw new UnsupportedOperationException();  
            }  
      
            public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)  
                    throws CertificateException {  
                this.chain = chain;  
                tm.checkServerTrusted(chain, authType);  
            }  
        }  

}
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