详细解析 RxAndroid 的使用方式

原文出处： C.L. Wang（@SpikeKing ）   

RxAndroid是RxJava的扩展, 优雅地处理异步请求. RxAndroid配合Lambda表达式, 精简处理回调, 使程序更具有可读性. Rx作为Android最优秀的开源库之一, 极大地提高生产力, 我们需要掌握. 本文由浅入深, 介绍一些常见的使用方法, 并附有源码.

更多: http://www.wangchenlong.org/

本文代码的GitHub下载地址.

要点包含:
(1) 链式表达式的使用方式.
(2) Lambda的应用.
(3) Rx处理网络请求.
(4) 线程自动管理, 防止内存泄露.
(5) RxBinding绑定控件的异步事件.

基础

当然, 从一个崭新的HelloWorld项目开始.

添加Gradle配置.

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compile 'com.jakewharton:butterknife:7.0.1' compile 'io.reactivex:rxandroid:1.1.0' // RxAndroid compile 'io.reactivex:rxjava:1.1.0' // 推荐同时加载RxJava

RxAndroid是本文的核心依赖, 同时添加RxJava. 还有ButterKnife注解库.

Lambda表达式, 是写出优雅代码的关键, 参考.

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plugins {     id "me.tatarka.retrolambda" version "3.2.4" }   android { ...       compileOptions {         sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8         targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8     } }

Gradle 2.1+以上, 配置非常简单, 添加一个plugin和一个Java1.8兼容即可.

从主MainActivity跳转至SimpleActivity.

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/** * 主Activity, 用于跳转各个模块. * * @author wangchenlong */ public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {       @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);     }       // 跳转简单的页面     public void gotoSimpleModule(View view) {         startActivity(new Intent(this, SimpleActivity.class));     }       // 跳转复杂的页面     public void gotoMoreModule(View view) {         startActivity(new Intent(this, MoreActivity.class));     }       // 跳转Lambda的页面     public void gotoLambdaModule(View view) {         startActivity(new Intent(this, LambdaActivity.class));     }       // 跳转网络的页面     public void gotoNetworkModule(View view) {         startActivity(new Intent(this, NetworkActivity.class));     }       // 跳转线程安全的页面     public void gotoSafeModule(View view) {         startActivity(new Intent(this, SafeActivity.class));     } }

在SimpleActivity中, 创建一个观察者, 收到字符串的返回.

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// 观察事件发生     Observable.OnSubscribe mObservableAction = new Observable.OnSubscribe<String>() {         @Override public void call(Subscriber<? super String> subscriber) {             subscriber.onNext(sayMyName()); // 发送事件             subscriber.onCompleted(); // 完成事件         }     };   ...       // 创建字符串     private String sayMyName() {         return "Hello, I am your friend, Spike!";     }

创建两个订阅者, 使用字符串输出信息.

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// 订阅者, 接收字符串, 修改控件 Subscriber<String> mTextSubscriber = new Subscriber<String>() {     @Override public void onCompleted() {       }       @Override public void onError(Throwable e) {       }       @Override public void onNext(String s) {         mTvText.setText(s); // 设置文字     } };   // 订阅者, 接收字符串, 提示信息 Subscriber<String> mToastSubscriber = new Subscriber<String>() {     @Override public void onCompleted() {       }       @Override public void onError(Throwable e) {       }       @Override public void onNext(String s) {         Toast.makeText(SimpleActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();     } };

在页面中, 观察者接收信息, 发送至主线程AndroidSchedulers.mainThread(), 再传递给订阅者, 由订阅者最终处理消息. 接收信息可以是同步, 也可以是异步.

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@Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {     super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);     setContentView(R.layout.activity_simple);     ButterKnife.bind(this);       // 注册观察活动     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")     Observable<String> observable = Observable.create(mObservableAction);       // 分发订阅信息     observable.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread());     observable.subscribe(mTextSubscriber);     observable.subscribe(mToastSubscriber); }

最基础的RxAndroid使用.

更多

我们已经熟悉了初步的使用方式, 在接着学习一些其他方法, 如

just: 获取输入数据, 直接分发, 更加简洁, 省略其他回调.
from: 获取输入数组, 转变单个元素分发.
map: 映射, 对输入数据进行转换, 如大写.
flatMap: 增大, 本意就是增肥, 把输入数组映射多个值, 依次分发.
reduce: 简化, 正好相反, 把多个数组的值, 组合成一个数据.

来看看这个示例, 设置两个不同类型数组, 作为输入源, 根据不同情况分发数据.

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/** * 更多的RxAndroid的使用方法. * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/30. */ public class MoreActivity extends Activity {       @Bind(R.id.simple_tv_text) TextView mTvText;       final String[] mManyWords = {"Hello", "I", "am", "your", "friend", "Spike"};     final List<String> mManyWordList = Arrays.asList(mManyWords);       // Action类似订阅者, 设置TextView     private Action1<String> mTextViewAction = new Action1<String>() {         @Override public void call(String s) {             mTvText.setText(s);         }     };       // Action设置Toast     private Action1<String> mToastAction = new Action1<String>() {         @Override public void call(String s) {             Toast.makeText(MoreActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();         }     };       // 设置映射函数     private Func1<List<String>, Observable<String>> mOneLetterFunc = new Func1<List<String>, Observable<String>>() {         @Override public Observable<String> call(List<String> strings) {             return Observable.from(strings); // 映射字符串         }     };       // 设置大写字母     private Func1<String, String> mUpperLetterFunc = new Func1<String, String>() {         @Override public String call(String s) {             return s.toUpperCase(); // 大小字母         }     };       // 连接字符串     private Func2<String, String, String> mMergeStringFunc = new Func2<String, String, String>() {         @Override public String call(String s, String s2) {             return String.format("%s %s", s, s2); // 空格连接字符串         }     };       @Override     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_simple);         ButterKnife.bind(this);           // 添加字符串, 省略Action的其他方法, 只使用一个onNext.         Observable<String> obShow = Observable.just(sayMyName());           // 先映射, 再设置TextView         obShow.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .map(mUpperLetterFunc).subscribe(mTextViewAction);           // 单独显示数组中的每个元素         Observable<String> obMap = Observable.from(mManyWords);           // 映射之后分发         obMap.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .map(mUpperLetterFunc).subscribe(mToastAction);           // 优化过的代码, 直接获取数组, 再分发, 再合并, 再显示toast, Toast顺次执行.         Observable.just(mManyWordList)                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .flatMap(mOneLetterFunc)                 .reduce(mMergeStringFunc)                 .subscribe(mToastAction);     }       // 创建字符串     private String sayMyName() {         return "Hello, I am your friend, Spike!";     } }

这次简化调用代码, 因为有时候我们对异常并不是很关心,
只要能catch异常即可, 因此流仅仅关注真正需要的部分.

输入字符串, 变换大写, 输出至控件中显示.

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// 添加字符串, 省略Action的其他方法, 只使用一个onNext. Observable<String> obShow = Observable.just(sayMyName());   // 先映射, 再设置TextView obShow.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())         .map(mUpperLetterFunc).subscribe(mTextViewAction);

just可以非常简单的获取任何数据, 分发时, 选择使用的线程.
map是对输入数据加工, 转换类型, 输入Func1, 准换大写字母.
Func1代表使用一个参数的函数, 前面是参数, 后面是返回值.
Action1代表最终动作, 因而不需要返回值, 并且一个参数.

输入数组, 单独分发数组中每一个元素, 转换大写, 输入Toast连续显示.

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// 单独显示数组中的每个元素 Observable<String> obMap = Observable.from(mManyWords);   // 映射之后分发 obMap.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())         .map(mUpperLetterFunc).subscribe(mToastAction);

from是读取数组中的值, 每次单独分发, 并分发多次, 其余类似.

输入数组, 映射为单独分发, 并组合到一起, 集中显示.

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// 优化过的代码, 直接获取数组, 再分发, 再合并, 再显示toast, Toast顺次执行. Observable.just(mManyWordList)         .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())         .flatMap(mOneLetterFunc)         .reduce(mMergeStringFunc)         .subscribe(mToastAction);

这次是使用just分发数组, 则分发数据就是数组, 并不是数组中的元素.
flatMap把数组转换为单独分发, Func1内部使用from拆分数组.
reduce把单独分发数据集中到一起, 再统一分发, 使用Func2.
最终使用Action1显示获得数据. 本次代码也更加简洁.

由此我们可以观察到, Rx的写法可以是多种多样, 合理的写法会更加优雅.

效果

Lambda

Lambda表达式和Rx非常契合, 可以省略大量的内部类, 如Func和Action.
我们把上个示例, 用Lambda再写一次, 功能相同.

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/** * Lambda表达式写法 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class LambdaActivity extends Activity {       @Bind(R.id.simple_tv_text) TextView mTvText;       final String[] mManyWords = {"Hello", "I", "am", "your", "friend", "Spike"};     final List<String> mManyWordList = Arrays.asList(mManyWords);       @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_simple);         ButterKnife.bind(this);           // 添加字符串, 省略Action的其他方法, 只使用一个onNext.         Observable<String> obShow = Observable.just(sayMyName());           // 先映射, 再设置TextView         obShow.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .map(String::toUpperCase).subscribe(mTvText::setText);           // 单独显示数组中的每个元素         Observable<String> obMap = Observable.from(mManyWords);           // 映射之后分发         obMap.observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .map(String::toUpperCase)                 .subscribe(this::showToast);           // 优化过的代码, 直接获取数组, 再分发, 再合并, 再显示toast, Toast顺次执行.         Observable.just(mManyWordList)                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .flatMap(Observable::from)                 .reduce(this::mergeString)                 .subscribe(this::showToast);     }       // 创建字符串     private String sayMyName() {         return "Hello, I am your friend, Spike!";     }       // 显示Toast     private void showToast(String s) {         Toast.makeText(LambdaActivity.this, s, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();     }       // 合并字符串     private String mergeString(String s1, String s2) {         return String.format("%s %s", s1, s2);     } }

这次没有使用常规的Lambda表达式, 而是更简单的方法引用(Method References).
方法引用: 方法参数和返回值与Lambda表达式相同时, 使用方法名代替.

网络请求

Retrofit是网络请求库, 刚推出2.0版本. Rx的一个核心应用就是处理异步网络请求, 结合Retrofit, 会更加方便和简洁. 参考.

引入库

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compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.1.1' // RecyclerView   compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:2.0.0-beta2' // Retrofit网络处理 compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:adapter-rxjava:2.0.0-beta2' // Retrofit的rx解析库 compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta2' // Retrofit的gson库   compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2' // Picasso网络图片加载

recyclerview和picasso为了显示. retrofit系列是网络请求.

主页使用一个简单的列表视图, 展示Github的用户信息.

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/** * Rx的网络请求方式 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class NetworkActivity extends Activity {       @Bind(R.id.network_rv_list) RecyclerView mRvList; // 列表       @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_network);         ButterKnife.bind(this);           // 设置Layout管理器         LinearLayoutManager layoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);         layoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);         mRvList.setLayoutManager(layoutManager);           // 设置适配器         UserListAdapter adapter = new UserListAdapter(this::gotoDetailPage);         NetworkWrapper.getUsersInto(adapter);         mRvList.setAdapter(adapter);     }       // 点击的回调     public interface UserClickCallback {         void onItemClicked(String name);     }       // 跳转到库详情页面     private void gotoDetailPage(String name) {         startActivity(NetworkDetailActivity.from(NetworkActivity.this, name));     } }

在列表中提供点击用户信息跳转至用户详情.
NetworkWrapper.getUsersInto(adapter) 请求网络, 设置适配器信息.

关键部分, 适配器, 其中包含ViewHolder类和数据类.

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/** * 显示列表 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class UserListAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<UserListAdapter.UserViewHolder> {       private List<GitHubUser> mUsers; // 用户名集合       private NetworkActivity.UserClickCallback mCallback; // 用户点击项的回调       public UserListAdapter(NetworkActivity.UserClickCallback callback) {         mUsers = new ArrayList<>();         mCallback = callback;     }       public void addUser(GitHubUser user) {         mUsers.add(user);         notifyItemInserted(mUsers.size() - 1); // 最后一位     }       @Override public UserViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {         View item = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())                 .inflate(R.layout.item_network_user, parent, false);         return new UserViewHolder(item, mCallback);     }       @Override public void onBindViewHolder(UserViewHolder holder, int position) {         holder.bindTo(mUsers.get(position));     }       @Override public int getItemCount() {         return mUsers.size();     }       // Adapter的ViewHolder     public static class UserViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {           @Bind(R.id.network_item_iv_user_picture) ImageView mIvUserPicture;         @Bind(R.id.network_item_tv_user_name) TextView mTvUserName;         @Bind(R.id.network_item_tv_user_login) TextView mTvUserLogin;         @Bind(R.id.network_item_tv_user_page) TextView mTvUserPage;           public UserViewHolder(View itemView, NetworkActivity.UserClickCallback callback) {             super(itemView);             ButterKnife.bind(this, itemView);             // 绑定点击事件             itemView.setOnClickListener(v ->                     callback.onItemClicked(mTvUserLogin.getText().toString()));         }           // 绑定数据         public void bindTo(GitHubUser user) {             mTvUserName.setText(user.name);             mTvUserLogin.setText(user.login);             mTvUserPage.setText(user.repos_url);               Picasso.with(mIvUserPicture.getContext())                     .load(user.avatar_url)                     .placeholder(R.drawable.ic_person_black_24dp)                     .into(mIvUserPicture);         }     }       // 用户类, 名称必须与Json解析相同     public static class GitHubUser {         public String login;         public String avatar_url;         public String name;         public String repos_url;     } }

添加数据addUser, 其中notifyItemInserted通知更新.
可以自动生成Json解析类的网站.

首先创建Retrofit`服务, 通过服务获取数据, 再依次分发给适配器.

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/** * 用户获取类 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class NetworkWrapper {     private static final String[] mFamousUsers =             {"SpikeKing", "JakeWharton", "rock3r", "Takhion", "dextorer", "Mariuxtheone"};       // 获取用户信息     public static void getUsersInto(final UserListAdapter adapter) {         GitHubService gitHubService =                 ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(GitHubService.class, GitHubService.ENDPOINT);           Observable.from(mFamousUsers)                 .flatMap(gitHubService::getUserData)                 .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .subscribe(adapter::addUser);     }       // 获取库信息     public static void getReposInfo(final String username, final RepoListAdapter adapter) {         GitHubService gitHubService =                 ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(GitHubService.class, GitHubService.ENDPOINT);           gitHubService.getRepoData(username)                 .flatMap(Observable::from)                 .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .subscribe(adapter::addRepo);     } }

网络请求无法在主线程上执行, 需要启动异步线程, 如Schedulers.newThread().
使用工厂模式ServiceFactory创建服务, 也可以单独创建服务.

创建Retrofit服务的工厂类.

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/** * 用户获取类 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class NetworkWrapper {     private static final String[] mFamousUsers =             {"SpikeKing", "JakeWharton", "rock3r", "Takhion", "dextorer", "Mariuxtheone"};       // 获取用户信息     public static void getUsersInto(final UserListAdapter adapter) {         GitHubService gitHubService =                 ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(GitHubService.class, GitHubService.ENDPOINT);           Observable.from(mFamousUsers)                 .flatMap(gitHubService::getUserData)                 .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .subscribe(adapter::addUser);     }       // 获取库信息     public static void getReposInfo(final String username, final RepoListAdapter adapter) {         GitHubService gitHubService =                 ServiceFactory.createServiceFrom(GitHubService.class, GitHubService.ENDPOINT);           gitHubService.getRepoData(username)                 .flatMap(Observable::from)                 .subscribeOn(Schedulers.newThread())                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .subscribe(adapter::addRepo);     } }

这是Retrofit 2.0的写法, 注意需要添加Rx和Gson的解析.

设置网络请求的Url.

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/** * GitHub的服务 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public interface GitHubService {     String ENDPOINT = "https://api.github.com";       // 获取个人信息     @GET("/users/{user}")     Observable<UserListAdapter.GitHubUser> getUserData(@Path("user") String user);       // 获取库, 获取的是数组     @GET("/users/{user}/repos")     Observable<RepoListAdapter.GitHubRepo[]> getRepoData(@Path("user") String user); }

显示用户

详情页面与主页类似, 参考代码, 不做细说.

线程安全

Rx的好处之一就是可以防止内存泄露, 即根据页面生命周期, 处理异步线程的结束. 可以使用RxLifecycle库处理生命周期.

Activity类继承RxAppCompatActivity, 替换AppCompatActivity.

启动一个循环线程.

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/** * Rx的线程安全 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 15/12/31. */ public class SafeActivity extends RxAppCompatActivity {     private static final String TAG = "DEBUG-WCL: " + SafeActivity.class.getSimpleName();       @Bind(R.id.simple_tv_text) TextView mTvText;       @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_simple);         ButterKnife.bind(this);           Observable.interval(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)                 .observeOn(AndroidSchedulers.mainThread())                 .compose(bindToLifecycle()) // 管理生命周期, 防止内存泄露                 .subscribe(this::showTime);     }       private void showTime(Long time) {         mTvText.setText(String.valueOf("时间计数: " + time));         Log.d(TAG, "时间计数器: " + time);     }       @Override     protected void onPause() {         super.onPause();         Log.w(TAG, "页面关闭!");     } }

继承RxAppCompatActivity, 添加bindToLifecycle方法管理生命周期. 当页面onPause时, 会自动结束循环线程. 如果注释这句代码, 则会导致内存泄露.

RxBinding

RxBinding是Rx中处理控件异步调用的方式, 也是由Square公司开发, Jake负责编写. 通过绑定组件, 异步获取事件, 并进行处理. 编码风格非常优雅.

除了RxJava, 再添加RxBinding的依赖.

Java

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// RxBinding compile 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding:rxbinding:0.3.0' compile 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding:rxbinding-appcompat-v7:0.3.0' compile 'com.jakewharton.rxbinding:rxbinding-design:0.3.0'

Toolbar和Fab, 两个较新的控件.

Java

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout     xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"     xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"     android:layout_width="match_parent"     android:layout_height="match_parent"     android:fitsSystemWindows="true"     android:orientation="vertical"     tools:context=".BindingActivity">       <android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:theme="@style/AppTheme.AppBarOverlay">           <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar             android:id="@+id/rxbinding_t_toolbar"             android:layout_width="match_parent"             android:layout_height="?attr/actionBarSize"             android:background="?attr/colorPrimary"             android:popupTheme="@style/AppTheme.PopupOverlay"             tools:targetApi="21"/>       </android.support.design.widget.AppBarLayout>       <include layout="@layout/content_rxbinding"/>       <android.support.design.widget.FloatingActionButton         android:id="@+id/rxbinding_fab_fab"         android:layout_width="wrap_content"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:layout_gravity="bottom|end"         android:layout_margin="@dimen/fab_margin"         android:src="@android:drawable/ic_dialog_email"/>   </android.support.design.widget.CoordinatorLayout>

两个EditText控件, 对比传统方法和RxBinding方法.

Java

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"               xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"               xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"               android:layout_width="match_parent"               android:layout_height="match_parent"               android:orientation="vertical"               android:padding="@dimen/activity_margin"               app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"               tools:context=".BindingActivity"               tools:showIn="@layout/activity_binding">       <TextView         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:text="@string/usual_approach"/>       <EditText         android:id="@+id/rxbinding_et_usual_approach"         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="48dp"         android:hint="@null"/>       <TextView         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"         android:text="@string/reactive_approach"/>       <EditText         android:id="@+id/rxbinding_et_reactive_approach"         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="48dp"         android:hint="@null"/>       <TextView         android:id="@+id/rxbinding_tv_show"         android:layout_width="match_parent"         android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>   </LinearLayout>

使用ButterKnife注入控件, 使用RxBinding方式绑定控件, 异步监听事件.

Java

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/** * Rx绑定 * <p> * Created by wangchenlong on 16/1/25. */ public class BindingActivity extends AppCompatActivity {       @Bind(R.id.rxbinding_t_toolbar) Toolbar mTToolbar;     @Bind(R.id.rxbinding_et_usual_approach) EditText mEtUsualApproach;     @Bind(R.id.rxbinding_et_reactive_approach) EditText mEtReactiveApproach;     @Bind(R.id.rxbinding_tv_show) TextView mTvShow;     @Bind(R.id.rxbinding_fab_fab) FloatingActionButton mFabFab;       @Override protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);         setContentView(R.layout.activity_binding);         ButterKnife.bind(this);           initToolbar(); // 初始化Toolbar         initFabButton(); // 初始化Fab按钮         initEditText(); // 初始化编辑文本     }       // 初始化Toolbar     private void initToolbar() {         // 添加菜单按钮         setSupportActionBar(mTToolbar);         ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();         // 添加浏览按钮         if (actionBar != null) {             actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);         }           RxToolbar.itemClicks(mTToolbar).subscribe(this::onToolbarItemClicked);           RxToolbar.navigationClicks(mTToolbar).subscribe(this::onToolbarNavigationClicked);     }       // 点击Toolbar的项     private void onToolbarItemClicked(MenuItem menuItem) {         String m = "点击\"" + menuItem.getTitle() + "\"";         Toast.makeText(this, m, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();     }       // 浏览点击     private void onToolbarNavigationClicked(Void v) {         Toast.makeText(this, "浏览点击", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();     }       @Override public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {         getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_rxbinding, menu);         return super.onCreateOptionsMenu(menu);     }       // 初始化Fab按钮     private void initFabButton() {         RxView.clicks(mFabFab).subscribe(this::onFabClicked);     }       // 点击Fab按钮     private void onFabClicked(Void v) {         Snackbar snackbar = Snackbar.make(findViewById(android.R.id.content), "点击Snackbar", Snackbar.LENGTH_SHORT);         snackbar.show();         RxSnackbar.dismisses(snackbar).subscribe(this::onSnackbarDismissed);     }       // 销毁Snackbar, event参考{Snackbar}     private void onSnackbarDismissed(int event) {         String text = "Snackbar消失代码:" + event;         Toast.makeText(this, text, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();     }       // 初始化编辑文本     private void initEditText() {         // 正常方式         mEtUsualApproach.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {             @Override             public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {               }               @Override public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {                 mTvShow.setText(s);             }               @Override public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {               }           });           // Rx方式         RxTextView.textChanges(mEtReactiveApproach).